Protecting Herd Health Through Biosecurity

Amy Millmier Schmidt Author

01/11/2018 Added

180 Plays

Description

Searchable Transcript

Search:

[00:00:01.450]Well I'm happy to be here with you guys today.
[00:00:03.784]My name is Amy Schmidt and I'm going to
[00:00:06.670]talk to you about protecting herd health with biosecurity.
[00:00:09.900]And so, you may wonder what role this has
[00:00:13.010]in a land application and a manure
[00:00:15.181]and nutrient management training,
[00:00:18.420]but there is a role that manure
[00:00:20.670]and animal mortalities play in disease transfer,
[00:00:24.740]and those are also part of a nutrient management plan.
[00:00:27.220]And so, that will be tied into this presentation.
[00:00:30.930]And again, the other purpose is that
[00:00:33.960]we try to cover timely issues and
[00:00:37.240]topics that are maybe don't get touched on
[00:00:40.260]in other trainings that you might attend.
[00:00:42.380]And so, this is a presentation
[00:00:44.980]that kind of focuses on biosecurity
[00:00:46.730]because we've seen the porcine epidemic
[00:00:49.720]diarrhea virus and the high path avian influenza
[00:00:53.110]in the past few years,
[00:00:54.240]and that's kind of brought to light
[00:00:56.260]this issue of improving biosecurity
[00:00:58.890]on the farm to protect the health of the animals.
[00:01:03.624]So, starting out just asking the question of
[00:01:07.224]why is biosecurity important?
[00:01:11.120]Like I mentioned, when animals are healthy,
[00:01:15.437]they're going to produce better.
[00:01:18.536]They're going to produce their products more quickly.
[00:01:22.400]So you'll have a better milk quality,
[00:01:24.360]better milk yield, animals reach their
[00:01:26.643]market weight quicker.
[00:01:28.540]So regardless of the type of animal that's being produced,
[00:01:31.544]the health of that animal is very important
[00:01:34.560]to their productivity.
[00:01:35.690]And again, that will influence their
[00:01:37.976]manure output, their manure characteristics as well.
[00:01:42.520]You've probably heard the term that
[00:01:44.077]great milk comes from happy cows,
[00:01:46.840]and happy cows come from California.
[00:01:48.610]Well, I would say that great products,
[00:01:50.740]whether it's meat or milk or eggs that are being produced,
[00:01:54.050]those come from healthy animals,
[00:01:55.420]and healthy animals come from good
[00:01:57.400]on farm biosecurity practices.
[00:02:02.090]So what is biosecurity?
[00:02:04.579]I'm guessing this is not a new term to anybody.
[00:02:07.040]You've probably heard it,
[00:02:08.540]whether it's been through similar trainings like this
[00:02:10.720]or through your veterinarian
[00:02:12.317]that you work with on a regular basis
[00:02:16.010]to keep your animals healthy and productive.
[00:02:18.339]I think of biosecurity in terms of
[00:02:21.870]keeping my family well.
[00:02:25.530]So for instance,
[00:02:30.350]we talk about both internal biosecurity
[00:02:32.610]and external biosecurity on a farm.
[00:02:34.430]So for me, internal biosecurity is
[00:02:37.560]if somebody in my family is sick,
[00:02:39.500]I want to keep everybody else from getting sick.
[00:02:41.710]And so on the farm, that means when you have
[00:02:43.816]maybe one building where animals have become sick
[00:02:48.190]or you have within a herd,
[00:02:50.940]within a pen and a feed lot where animals are sick,
[00:02:53.690]your goal is to implement practices
[00:02:56.460]that keep that disease from moving
[00:02:58.077]throughout the herd and spreading to more animals.
[00:03:01.840]External biosecurity means keeping that
[00:03:04.660]disease from even entering your farm in the first place.
[00:03:07.320]So for me, that means keeping my kids
[00:03:09.620]from getting sick at school,
[00:03:11.197]so that they don't bring that home
[00:03:13.270]to the rest of the family.
[00:03:14.780]And the things that we think about from
[00:03:18.150]the human perspective is that we cover
[00:03:20.040]our mouth when we cough and we
[00:03:21.830]wash our hands frequently so that we don't
[00:03:23.900]spread germs as we touch things.
[00:03:27.230]And we stay home if we're sick,
[00:03:28.600]or we should stay home if we're sick.
[00:03:30.700]We can't ask animals to do that.
[00:03:32.490]So, we need to look at the practices on our farm
[00:03:35.790]where we can better control the
[00:03:39.220]contact that animals have with each other
[00:03:41.790]and the contact that we have and that
[00:03:44.240]other vectors that can move disease causing organisms,
[00:03:48.360]how those are controlled within our production system.
[00:03:52.500]So, I think being a bit of an alarmist
[00:03:57.550]is important for a person to have
[00:04:00.030]a really good biosecurity plan in place on their operation.
[00:04:03.610]So the thing that you'll hear from me,
[00:04:05.900]you'll hear from a lot of the commodity boards
[00:04:07.820]as they talk about biosecurity, is that
[00:04:10.370]if it can move, it can carry disease.
[00:04:12.380]So anything within that production system
[00:04:14.490]that has the ability to move around,
[00:04:17.774]is going to have the ability to spread disease.
[00:04:20.500]So you might take just a minute and think about,
[00:04:22.380]on your particular operation,
[00:04:24.696]maybe you have confined swine in buildings,
[00:04:28.830]maybe you have pastured cow calf pairs or poultry,
[00:04:33.576]and think about all of the
[00:04:36.970]tools and the people and the,
[00:04:40.970]everything that's kind of moving around
[00:04:42.970]within the boundary of that farm
[00:04:45.240]and what's coming in from outside to the farm.
[00:04:48.899]And I think when you really get down to
[00:04:52.120]making a list of those things,
[00:04:54.010]there's a lot of different vectors
[00:04:56.270]that can potentially be moving
[00:04:57.930]disease causing organisms around on the site.
[00:05:01.360]And those are the things that we want to think about
[00:05:03.640]and address with the farm level biosecurity plan.
[00:05:11.310]So, let's think about some of the way diseases are spread.
[00:05:15.560]Hopefully you took a minute there to
[00:05:17.230]maybe make a list on your own farm.
[00:05:19.410]So, one of the first ones that we
[00:05:22.980]would think about is the livestock themselves.
[00:05:25.120]So, whether those are animals on your farm
[00:05:28.138]that maybe move around within the site,
[00:05:31.850]maybe they are nursery pigs that are
[00:05:33.860]moved onto the finishing grow-finish phase,
[00:05:37.197]or gestating sows that are moved into farrowing,
[00:05:40.877]those animals have the ability themselves
[00:05:43.760]through oral fluid contact and their manure
[00:05:47.360]and things like that, and maybe dust and dirt
[00:05:50.920]that they carry on their body,
[00:05:52.280]they have the ability to be a vector
[00:05:54.370]for disease causing organisms that way.
[00:05:57.760]People.
[00:05:58.850]Obviously, we move around on farms a lot.
[00:06:02.720]People move from one production area to another.
[00:06:07.980]They intermingle maybe in a lunch room area
[00:06:10.700]or going back into the house at the end of the day,
[00:06:13.710]and you've been on different parts
[00:06:14.980]of the farm than other family members,
[00:06:17.021]and there's that opportunity for
[00:06:19.480]disease causing organisms to be
[00:06:22.080]moved around by those people.
[00:06:23.840]There's also the people when you leave the farm
[00:06:25.750]or if you have multiple sites,
[00:06:27.180]as you move between those.
[00:06:30.340]The vehicles and equipment that we use are another one.
[00:06:33.980]Whether that's loaders that are used for
[00:06:36.330]moving feed ingredients, and then you turn around
[00:06:39.130]and use those for moving a dead animal.
[00:06:42.460]So there's that opportunity to contaminate
[00:06:44.610]that feed source with that same equipment.
[00:06:48.020]Same is true if you have trucks coming from
[00:06:50.030]outside of the farm to deliver feed,
[00:06:52.300]or to deliver or pick up animals.
[00:06:55.910]And even in the worker's vehicles,
[00:06:57.520]if you have an operation where you have
[00:06:58.910]multiple workers from outside the site,
[00:07:02.190]there's that opportunity for them to be
[00:07:04.360]maybe on their own home farm,
[00:07:06.477]drive a vehicle to your farm,
[00:07:08.381]and transfer some disease causing organisms that way.
[00:07:13.740]Feed and water is another source,
[00:07:15.780]whether that feed is contaminated
[00:07:17.210]before it gets to the farm,
[00:07:18.710]if it's got some fecal contamination
[00:07:20.659]because animals had access to it,
[00:07:23.217]and then water, of course, if there's,
[00:07:26.077]the water source isn't secure
[00:07:30.179]or has had some contamination.
[00:07:33.040]We'll talk a little more about all of these in a bit,
[00:07:35.050]but pests, we usually talk about rodents and birds.
[00:07:39.530]Anything that's able to move around freely
[00:07:42.140]between different areas of the farm.
[00:07:43.700]And then we know that there are some
[00:07:45.680]disease causing organisms that can travel into air.
[00:07:49.550]And there's speculation about the role of
[00:07:52.760]the PDV virus traveling downwind
[00:07:57.120]from an operation to infect another one.
[00:07:59.939]So, often not a lot we can do about
[00:08:01.830]what's moving in the air,
[00:08:03.010]but it's also something to consider.
[00:08:06.500]So what's the role of livestock?
[00:08:08.430]Like I mentioned before,
[00:08:10.380]we move livestock between different
[00:08:12.420]production groups on a farm,
[00:08:14.530]or we move new animals onto the farm from another site.
[00:08:20.110]Disposal of mortalities.
[00:08:21.870]This gets back to a little more in line
[00:08:24.330]with what you're learning today with nutrient management.
[00:08:28.020]But mortalities, if they're disposed of on the farm,
[00:08:31.660]they have a nutrient value
[00:08:33.340]in their body themselves.
[00:08:36.240]So if they're buried or if they're incinerated
[00:08:39.420]or if they're composted on site
[00:08:41.010]and then that material is returned back to the land,
[00:08:44.040]there's a nutrient value there.
[00:08:46.080]And so, we want to make sure when those
[00:08:47.660]mortalities are being handled that they're
[00:08:49.619]being handled appropriately so that
[00:08:51.779]the practice of disposal is biosecurity,
[00:08:54.450]and doesn't lead to disease transfer
[00:08:57.010]when those byproducts are applied to the land.
[00:09:01.140]And then dirt, manure and contaminants that may be
[00:09:03.437]on the animals' bodies themselves,
[00:09:07.210]that can carry those organisms.
[00:09:11.670]People, like I mentioned.
[00:09:13.240]People can carry diseases that don't
[00:09:14.850]necessarily make people sick,
[00:09:16.400]but they can carry them and transfer them to animals.
[00:09:19.150]There are diseases that are,
[00:09:23.120]both humans and animals can transfer
[00:09:25.100]between them as well.
[00:09:26.450]A lot of times, you'll hear folks talk about
[00:09:28.680]making sure that employees are vaccinated for influenza,
[00:09:32.210]so that that's not something that's
[00:09:33.380]passed back and forth between
[00:09:34.550]the workers and the animals.
[00:09:36.590]Wearing dirty boots and clothing,
[00:09:38.150]and even jewelry and watches.
[00:09:39.710]So in particular, if you work in the swine industry
[00:09:43.590]and you maybe go to different sites
[00:09:45.410]where you have to shower in and out,
[00:09:47.219]that's a situation where
[00:09:49.021]even the tiniest amount of organic material,
[00:09:52.660]in something like a ring or a watch,
[00:09:55.070]could be enough, particularly with the
[00:09:56.690]porcine epidemic diarrhea virus.
[00:09:59.230]It takes so very little of that to transfer that disease.
[00:10:02.450]And so, that's something to think about
[00:10:04.300]with the people that are,
[00:10:06.010]maybe when you have new employees on the farm
[00:10:07.810]that aren't really familiar with that process,
[00:10:09.550]it's something to really give some
[00:10:12.330]consideration to with them.
[00:10:14.520]Contaminated raw material for feed.
[00:10:17.120]Maybe you mix your own products onsite.
[00:10:19.320]Maybe that feed was delivered from offsite.
[00:10:23.090]It's important.
[00:10:24.650]You may not be able to control what's
[00:10:26.290]necessarily could happen before that reaches your farm,
[00:10:28.770]but you can control whether or not
[00:10:31.790]there's access to that feed by animals,
[00:10:34.330]that there could be some manure contamination,
[00:10:36.563]some spoilage, birds and rodents having access to it,
[00:10:40.280]that have also had access to
[00:10:42.050]the manure and the animals inside the building.
[00:10:46.820]So when we talk about pests,
[00:10:48.780]I mentioned earlier, rodents and insects.
[00:10:50.470]Those are usually our two we think of, right?
[00:10:52.150]So we think about having good
[00:10:54.362]covers on the sides of the swine barns,
[00:10:57.810]the curtains and the screen to be, to keep birds out,
[00:11:02.260]we have rodent control.
[00:11:03.580]We don't want to have mice moving around in there.
[00:11:06.280]One thing that we may not think as much about
[00:11:08.300]are the domestic animals, and so,
[00:11:10.725]every good dairy farm has some cats on it, right?
[00:11:14.384]Most other farms, beef farms, swine farms,
[00:11:17.410]there's a dog, particularly if it's a
[00:11:22.159]farmstead and there's a home there
[00:11:24.456]where the production buildings are located.
[00:11:27.200]And those animals don't follow the same
[00:11:29.458]practices as we do for maybe
[00:11:31.756]stepping through boot washes and washing hands,
[00:11:34.970]and so, if you've got pets,
[00:11:37.853]domestic animals on a site,
[00:11:40.198]that's another thing to consider.
[00:11:41.730]Not maybe letting those animals be around the livestock
[00:11:46.721]for that purpose.
[00:11:50.390]So let's talk about what we
[00:11:51.916]want to include in a biosecurity plan
[00:11:54.850]and what practices we want to put in place on a farm.
[00:11:58.310]Probably the number one is just
[00:12:00.360]limiting access to that farm.
[00:12:03.394]These types of signs that I'm showing up here.
[00:12:07.580]Unauthorized personnel, don't enter.
[00:12:09.870]No admittance without owner permission.
[00:12:12.354]Those can be a little bit scary to people who
[00:12:15.660]pass by and don't understand the purpose of that.
[00:12:17.870]There's some role, I think, as producers
[00:12:20.290]that you have in informing the public
[00:12:23.820]about why these types of signs are in place.
[00:12:26.690]It's not because they are at risk if they come in,
[00:12:30.340]but it's because the animals are at risk
[00:12:33.130]of diseases entering the farm.
[00:12:35.160]But just controlling access
[00:12:36.674]is one of the biggest ones.
[00:12:38.390]And having one entrance and exit for a farm,
[00:12:42.610]so that you can kind of see who's coming and going.
[00:12:45.600]This idea of a line of separation
[00:12:47.234]really came about a couple years ago with the PEDV outbreak.
[00:12:54.160]And there was a big push for
[00:12:56.230]helping people understand the idea of
[00:13:00.020]having kind of a line in the sand where
[00:13:03.100]everyone on this side of it is from outside the farm
[00:13:05.660]and people on this side of it are from inside the farm,
[00:13:07.960]and neither one crosses over that line.
[00:13:10.090]So rather than a line of separation,
[00:13:11.850]we really need to think about several lines of separation.
[00:13:15.490]So whether it's at where the feed truck enters,
[00:13:18.410]where the animals are moved in and out of buildings,
[00:13:20.880]where manure is pumped and hauled.
[00:13:23.210]Each of those places that can serve
[00:13:25.100]as a vector for disease transfer
[00:13:26.892]should have this line of separation in place.
[00:13:30.560]So let's think about animal movement practices.
[00:13:33.420]In this case, we've got the truck
[00:13:36.636]that is actually doing the transportation of the animals,
[00:13:40.030]and then you see down here in the corner,
[00:13:42.034]a truck that's backed up to a loading chute.
[00:13:45.060]So maybe they're unloading animals,
[00:13:46.760]maybe they're loading them.
[00:13:48.150]Either way, you've got the truck from offsite
[00:13:50.980]that would be considered dirty,
[00:13:53.050]and you've got the production system
[00:13:56.980]on the farm that would be considered the clean side.
[00:13:59.310]And so, what you would want to keep in mind
[00:14:01.150]is that the driver of this truck
[00:14:03.071]shouldn't cross into that loading chute
[00:14:06.472]when those animals are being moved,
[00:14:08.420]and the people working in that barn
[00:14:10.130]shouldn't cross into that truck,
[00:14:11.850]as the animals are being loaded or unloaded.
[00:14:13.650]So your line of separation there
[00:14:15.380]is the back end of that truck and the
[00:14:17.097]end of the loading chute where it backs up to.
[00:14:22.830]The driver themselves.
[00:14:24.270]If they're gonna be moving around,
[00:14:25.494]you would want them to put on boots
[00:14:28.180]and protective clothing on the farm,
[00:14:30.990]and then when they get ready to go, that's left there.
[00:14:33.270]So what you don't want is them
[00:14:35.120]getting out of the truck and pulling
[00:14:36.350]a pair of boots out of their truck
[00:14:37.890]and a Tyvek suit out of their truck
[00:14:40.180]that they've been carrying with them,
[00:14:41.310]because it would probably contain
[00:14:43.560]the same contaminants that the inside of their truck does.
[00:14:47.765]There's a lot of
[00:14:51.330]disinfection and cleaning practices
[00:14:53.700]we want to see happening with those trucks.
[00:14:55.740]That really got a lot more attention
[00:14:58.020]in the last few years with some of the disease outbreaks.
[00:15:00.610]And so, in particular with disinfection
[00:15:03.700]of those vehicles, it's important to remember,
[00:15:06.080]one, that the disinfectants aren't effective
[00:15:08.630]if the organic material hasn't been washed off
[00:15:11.220]of the trucks already.
[00:15:12.360]So if there's manure or dirt caked on
[00:15:14.680]the interior of that truck,
[00:15:16.920]all the disinfectant in the world
[00:15:18.270]is probably not going to do a heck of a lot
[00:15:20.960]to kill any disease causing organisms.
[00:15:23.540]So, a wash, a high powered wash with soap and hot water,
[00:15:27.940]followed by drying, and then followed by disinfectant
[00:15:31.826]is probably going to be the best bet there.
[00:15:34.060]And again, this is something that
[00:15:35.310]veterinarians can help you determine
[00:15:37.456]what specific disinfectants and practices
[00:15:41.710]should be used based on the disease
[00:15:43.750]or diseases of concern at your particular site.
[00:15:47.230]Feed delivery practices.
[00:15:48.410]Again, we talked about the whole
[00:15:49.856]disinfection of the vehicles themselves.
[00:15:52.260]In this case, the driver really doesn't have
[00:15:55.390]a reason to be in the production buildings.
[00:15:57.780]But if they're going to be out moving around
[00:15:59.460]on the farm, again, making available to them
[00:16:02.890]the boots and the clothing covers
[00:16:05.140]to wear while they're onsite,
[00:16:06.660]and then having them leave those at the farm
[00:16:08.750]when they depart would be an important practice.
[00:16:13.550]Pest control.
[00:16:15.397]Controlling flies on pastured animals and
[00:16:19.557]feeding situations is very important.
[00:16:21.860]We see a lot of data that's come out about
[00:16:25.680]transferring pinkeye and other diseases between animals
[00:16:29.674]because of the flies.
[00:16:31.957]Rodent control, like we show up here.
[00:16:35.170]Pretty typical thing to see on farms these days.
[00:16:38.710]So, just being able to control the birds, the rodents.
[00:16:42.490]And again, the domestic animals
[00:16:44.416]moving between those different places on the farm.
[00:16:49.278]So again, this is a manure nutrient management meeting.
[00:16:52.896]Let's talk about the role of manure
[00:16:55.296]and the role of the producer versus
[00:16:57.910]a custom manure hauler in managing that manure
[00:17:01.770]so that it's not a source of disease transfer.
[00:17:05.940]If you're a producer and you have a crew
[00:17:07.470]from outside the farm that is coming in
[00:17:09.820]to haul your manure, you're very much
[00:17:12.440]within your right and it's very recommended
[00:17:15.000]that you talk to them ahead of time and ask
[00:17:17.130]where have they been prior to coming to your site.
[00:17:20.138]You want to be there when they show up to pump manure.
[00:17:24.510]Talk about your biosecurity expectations with them.
[00:17:27.900]Let them know ahead of time how you would like to
[00:17:29.891]have them enter the site and exit the farm.
[00:17:34.350]As hard as it is to avoid walking up
[00:17:37.550]and shaking hands with a person,
[00:17:39.228]that's another way that you can transfer
[00:17:43.080]some of what's on their hands to you,
[00:17:45.000]take it back into the buildings
[00:17:46.390]or back to your animals.
[00:17:47.730]So, avoiding direct contact with the people
[00:17:51.010]and also their equipment is very important.
[00:17:54.320]And then, have their personnel wear
[00:17:56.050]protective boots and coveralls while they're on the site.
[00:17:59.007]Supply those to them, and then when they get
[00:18:02.440]ready to leave, have them leave them on the farm
[00:18:04.030]so they're not taking anything off of your farm
[00:18:06.000]that could potentially be a risk to another farm.
[00:18:10.140]As the manure hauler, kind of the same deal.
[00:18:13.480]It's all about communication.
[00:18:15.700]Understanding before you go to the farm
[00:18:17.430]what's expected of you, in terms of biosecurity.
[00:18:20.447]Expecting that they're probably going
[00:18:22.660]to ask where you've been,
[00:18:23.910]how much downtime have you had between
[00:18:26.660]the last site and theirs.
[00:18:27.910]How did you clean the hoses and the pumps and everything?
[00:18:32.430]How did you disinfect those?
[00:18:34.930]Understand before you go how they want you
[00:18:36.890]to enter the farm and exit,
[00:18:38.460]so that you're not crossing paths
[00:18:40.760]with feed trucks or other equipment.
[00:18:44.680]Ask them where their line of separation is
[00:18:46.510]for manure pumping and how they want you
[00:18:49.204]to clean their equipment before,
[00:18:52.510]I'm sorry, clean your equipment
[00:18:53.540]before you leave their farm.
[00:18:55.930]Covering up with the coveralls and boots that they provide,
[00:18:58.850]and cleaning and disinfecting everything
[00:19:00.750]before you move onto the next site.
[00:19:05.530]So, just some kind of summary here
[00:19:09.120]of other management practices.
[00:19:11.780]Every operation, particularly a swine operation
[00:19:14.410]that has been certified with port quality assurance
[00:19:18.510]and a beef operation that's been
[00:19:20.120]through the beef quality assurance program,
[00:19:22.360]a big part of those programs is the
[00:19:24.410]veterinary client patient relationship,
[00:19:26.164]or the relationship between you,
[00:19:28.222]your veterinarian, and the animals that you're raising.
[00:19:31.290]And so, you should have a veterinarian
[00:19:33.460]involved in your operation,
[00:19:34.560]and they should be able to help you assess your
[00:19:36.664]health risks and biosecurity needs on the farm,
[00:19:40.943]and can help you develop your biosecurity plan.
[00:19:46.320]Focus on addressing the diseases
[00:19:49.200]that are of immediate concern to you.
[00:19:51.660]So, if avian influenza is an issue where you're located,
[00:19:57.960]that's something that you would want
[00:19:59.200]some very specific practices in place for,
[00:20:01.290]and a very specific plan in place for.
[00:20:03.960]If you're a swine operation,
[00:20:05.890]this time of year particularly,
[00:20:07.670]PEDV is more prevalent in the cold seasons.
[00:20:12.470]So you might have a different plan in place
[00:20:14.020]for the winter versus the summer.
[00:20:15.670]So just, that plan is a working document
[00:20:19.170]and is something that should and could
[00:20:21.970]be changed from year to year and
[00:20:24.063]when a new issue arises.
[00:20:28.180]This is something producers do anyway,
[00:20:30.950]being around the animals frequently.
[00:20:33.044]Being able to detect an illness
[00:20:35.860]or a concern very quickly so that animal
[00:20:37.610]can be isolated from the rest of the herd.
[00:20:41.670]If a disease outbreaks occurs,
[00:20:43.524]that's important to have that animal
[00:20:45.487]away from the healthy animals as quickly as possible.
[00:20:48.450]And then, maintaining good herd health records.
[00:20:51.440]So again, that's part of the quality assurance programs.
[00:20:54.585]But it also helps you maintain a record
[00:20:58.000]that you can go back and look later at
[00:20:59.604]maybe some of the things leading up to that
[00:21:02.820]disease outbreak that could've been a sign
[00:21:06.898]to you that there was something of concern there.
[00:21:10.980]And then also having that record
[00:21:12.470]of how those animals were treated
[00:21:13.810]and how that treatment worked.
[00:21:15.820]And then finally, making sure that
[00:21:17.743]farm personnel and livestock are vaccinated
[00:21:20.960]for any risk, disease risks that are identified.
[00:21:25.520]One thing I didn't mention earlier
[00:21:26.890]that I think is worth talking about is
[00:21:28.440]we hear a lot today about antibiotic use
[00:21:31.590]on livestock production systems,
[00:21:33.620]and the consumers desires to see
[00:21:37.760]antibiotic use reduced.
[00:21:39.630]One of the ways we could do that is by
[00:21:41.900]reducing the amount of disease that is,
[00:21:43.750]that the animals are exposed to.
[00:21:45.350]If they're not sick, we don't need to
[00:21:46.620]treat them with those antibiotics.
[00:21:48.260]So, from an economic perspective,
[00:21:51.700]that saves you money as a producer
[00:21:53.940]to not have to purchase and administer those medications.
[00:21:58.510]It's also a way to improve consumer
[00:22:00.720]confidence in their food supply
[00:22:02.322]when there's greater control of the health of animals
[00:22:06.190]without the use of the antibiotics
[00:22:08.310]and other pharmaceutical products.
[00:22:12.420]So I want to leave you with some other
[00:22:13.760]resources that are out there.
[00:22:15.130]Every commodity group has resources on biosecurity.
[00:22:20.020]Whether it is the cattle industry over here.
[00:22:24.580]Down in the corner you see Biosecurity For Birds.
[00:22:27.050]There's avian influenza specific materials out there.
[00:22:30.650]The Animal Plant Health Inspection Service
[00:22:32.720]has fact sheets about different diseases.
[00:22:37.520]The National Pork Board is kind of
[00:22:39.760]the go to resource for swine related diseases,
[00:22:43.130]and they put out a really good publication
[00:22:45.210]about one year ago,
[00:22:46.900]that is focused entirely on PEDV
[00:22:49.850]and all of the practices for on farm management
[00:22:54.100]and prevention of that disease are available there.
[00:22:57.470]So, if you go online and you just Google
[00:23:00.863]the title here, PEDV Brings Its Worst,
[00:23:04.090]Pork Checkoff Brings Its Best,
[00:23:05.690]you'll find that document.
[00:23:10.910]So I want to leave you with just a few
[00:23:12.500]of the recent lessons we've learned about PEDV,
[00:23:15.070]and I'm talking about this one specifically
[00:23:17.060]because it's where some of my research
[00:23:19.190]has been focused in the last couple of years.
[00:23:21.550]And specifically, in relation to
[00:23:24.159]mortality disposal and manure
[00:23:26.999]as a source of the virus, spread of that virus.
[00:23:31.940]So we have determined that composting
[00:23:34.310]of PEDV positive mortalities
[00:23:37.270]is a biosecurity disposal practice.
[00:23:39.910]Obviously we want to make sure that
[00:23:41.330]process is conducted so that we're actually
[00:23:44.321]composting those animals and achieving the heat
[00:23:47.470]and the time that we maintain that heat in the pile
[00:23:50.530]to actually be composting and not just
[00:23:52.579]covering those animals up and kind of
[00:23:54.700]letting that pile sit there.
[00:23:57.270]We have found that virus survives
[00:23:59.936]differently in the manure,
[00:24:01.660]based on the pH of that manure.
[00:24:03.560]So the higher the manure pH,
[00:24:05.430]the less hospitable that environment is
[00:24:07.270]to the PED virus.
[00:24:09.480]Most of the time, stored manure is probably
[00:24:12.490]going to be at a pH that would
[00:24:14.820]take care of that virus.
[00:24:16.610]Fresh manure, or if you have a pool plug system
[00:24:19.580]or a pit where you mostly have fresh manure in there
[00:24:22.760]until it's flushed out to the lagoon maybe,
[00:24:25.620]that pH is lower when that manure's excreted,
[00:24:28.770]so the virus is going to survive better in there.
[00:24:32.090]We know that we can add lime to manure
[00:24:33.840]to raise the pH.
[00:24:35.398]One of the issues is that lime,
[00:24:37.410]when that pH rises, you have a lot
[00:24:38.960]of ammonia of all the flies from the manure
[00:24:40.760]and that can be
[00:24:42.600]a safety risk to the workers and the animals
[00:24:45.390]and also, an odor risk.
[00:24:47.590]So we are looking at some additional research
[00:24:49.480]on just what is that cutoff in pH
[00:24:52.056]where we get virus not being able to survive,
[00:24:55.920]but we don't add anymore lime than is necessary.
[00:24:59.450]And we also know that the pH of soil
[00:25:01.378]affects how that virus survives
[00:25:03.640]once manure's been applied.
[00:25:05.840]And so, in some initial studies,
[00:25:08.570]we found that any soil that had a pH
[00:25:10.760]of about seven and a half and up,
[00:25:12.600]that virus didn't survive past
[00:25:14.580]the first day of being applied.
[00:25:17.000]But we are looking now at some more acidic soils
[00:25:18.990]to see if that's the case for those as well.
[00:25:22.280]So that data will be available in the coming months.
[00:25:26.300]And I'll leave you with my contact information,
[00:25:29.340]but down at the bottom, I'm sure you've heard
[00:25:30.936]several times today this, the manure.unl.edu
[00:25:35.030]website mentioned and that's a good
[00:25:37.458]site to have bookmarked.
[00:25:39.820]We get current information put up there
[00:25:42.020]when research data becomes available,
[00:25:44.680]and that's a good place to find information
[00:25:47.454]about just everything manure in
[00:25:49.640]nutrient management related.
[00:25:52.130]So that, I thank you for your time.
[00:25:54.978]Hopefully there's some discussion among
[00:25:57.198]different producers today about
[00:25:59.040]the practices that you all use on your farm for biosecurity.
[00:26:03.410]Maybe some discussion about
[00:26:05.810]sources of disease transfer on your farm
[00:26:08.010]that you maybe hadn't thought about
[00:26:10.420]and someone else kind of brings up
[00:26:12.519]and discusses how they address that.
[00:26:15.138]I think that information sharing among
[00:26:17.830]producers within the same industries
[00:26:19.620]is a really great way to learn about
[00:26:21.670]practices that work for other people,
[00:26:23.210]not just from the research that we do.
[00:26:25.762]And so, I encourage that type of conversation today,
[00:26:28.670]and when you leave after the training today of
[00:26:32.210]really thinking through some of the
[00:26:33.540]practices on your farm where you could
[00:26:35.177]better control disease transfer.
[00:26:37.400]So with that, thank you very much and
[00:26:38.835]enjoy the rest of the training.

The screen size you are trying to search captions on is too small!

You can always jump over to MediaHub and check it out there.

Comments

0 Comments

Protecting Herd Health Through Biosecurity

Description

Searchable Transcript

Comments icon comment

Related Channels

Comments