Extinction

ASD Network Author

08/17/2017 Added

8 Plays

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This short VS will explore extinction. Extinction is a behavioral term that basically means to determine the function/cause of a behavior and then to terminate access to that function in order to extinguish the behavior.

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[00:00:00.259](chalk scraping)
[00:00:05.603](eraser swishing)
[00:00:07.981]Extinction is a strategy in which teachers
[00:00:09.848]would withhold a maintaining reinforcer
[00:00:12.493]for a problem behavior in order to get
[00:00:14.498]that problem behavior to decrease.
[00:00:16.211](chipper music)
[00:00:17.169]So we would use extinction when we notice
[00:00:19.010]that a student's engaging in a problem behavior
[00:00:20.951]and we know what the reinforcer is.
[00:00:23.870]We don't take the reinforcer away
[00:00:25.858]when they do the problem behavior,
[00:00:27.255]we simply withhold and don't allow it to go to them.
[00:00:30.508]The advantage of this is that it's a very simple way
[00:00:33.047]of getting behaviors to go down.
[00:00:35.330]The disadvantage is we don't have the ability
[00:00:38.540]to control all of the maintaining reinforcers
[00:00:40.975]that are out there, and we're likely
[00:00:42.572]to see that behavior will go up before it comes down.
[00:00:46.338]So how would you do this?
[00:00:47.808]First, you need to identify
[00:00:50.306]the maintaining reinforcer of a problem behavior.
[00:00:53.260]Then, we need to teach the student
[00:00:55.682]what we'd like them to do instead of the problem behavior.
[00:00:59.308]When the student engages in the problem behavior
[00:01:01.986]we simply withhold that reinforcer.
[00:01:04.482]So for instance, if I knew that a student
[00:01:07.062]was yelling out because they wanted
[00:01:08.564]to get my attention as the teacher,
[00:01:11.360]from now on I could teach them to raise their hand
[00:01:13.888]and when they yelled out, I don't take anything away,
[00:01:16.308]I simply withhold my attention
[00:01:19.083]as a way to get their behavior to go down.
[00:01:21.078]I want them to learn to raise their hand
[00:01:23.327]because it works, while making the noises does not.
[00:01:27.734]However, if the student gets that same level of attention
[00:01:31.999]as a maintaining reinforcer from other students,
[00:01:35.264]I've got a problem there because I may not be able
[00:01:37.629]to necessarily withhold or control
[00:01:40.502]all that attention from the other students.
[00:01:43.190]So again, I have to make sure that I can control
[00:01:46.166]the reinforcers when I try to withhold them.
[00:01:49.526]So again, what I do then is I teach the student
[00:01:51.871]what they want them to do instead.
[00:01:53.334]If they engage in problem behavior
[00:01:54.612]I simply withhold the reinforcer,
[00:01:56.788]and when they engage in the appropriate behavior
[00:01:59.199]I deliver the reinforcer.
[00:02:00.948]So when considering to use extinction
[00:02:02.506]there are a couple of things you really need to think about.
[00:02:04.543]The first is, when you use extinction
[00:02:06.815]it's gonna get worse before it gets better.
[00:02:09.146]When you start withholding that reinforcer
[00:02:11.759]the student's gonna try harder to get it
[00:02:13.386]before they realize that there's a better way.
[00:02:16.554]So you've gotta be prepared,
[00:02:17.897]and some things you can't allow to go up.
[00:02:20.105]For example, you can't use extinction
[00:02:23.199]with any behaviors that are dangerous in any way.
[00:02:26.004]It's not good for use with aggression
[00:02:27.764]or other kinds of behaviors because
[00:02:29.434]we simply cannot ignore those behaviors,
[00:02:31.962]and we could not allow for there to be an increase
[00:02:34.714]in any of those kind of behaviors before a decrease.
[00:02:37.741]Alright, time to get to work, David.
[00:02:39.887](mellow jazzy music)
[00:02:49.743]I want water.
[00:02:52.090]I want water!
[00:02:54.575]I want water!
[00:02:57.614]May I please have water?
[00:02:59.524]Yes, you may.
[00:03:00.591]Thank you for rephrasing that; there you go.
[00:03:07.534]Thank you, now you can get back to work.
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Extinction

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