Enviropig Step 3

Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture Author

01/26/2016 Added

643 Plays

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The third step in the Enviropig story that tells us about how breeders select for the correct traits in the breeding process. For more information visit the Enviropig website: https://ge.unl.edu/enviropig/

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[00:00:06.379](upbeat music)
[00:00:14.989]My name is Amy Desaulniers
[00:00:16.659]and my job is to put transgenic embryos
[00:00:19.147]into the reproductive tract of female pigs.
[00:00:21.499]And then we raise those pigs to sell to producers.
[00:00:26.613]First we put the transgenic embryos
[00:00:28.888]into the female reproductive tract.
[00:00:30.947]And then piglets are born
[00:00:32.208]and we raise those piglets up to adulthood.
[00:00:34.677]We confirm that they are transgenic with a DNA test
[00:00:37.477]and we evaluate the function of the a transgene
[00:00:39.899]and then we make crosses
[00:00:41.917]to produce a family of transgenic pigs
[00:00:44.317]that we can sell at market.
[00:00:46.755]We get the embryos with the transgene from other scientists
[00:00:49.637]who inserted the transgene.
[00:00:51.016]We put the transgenic embryos
[00:00:53.013]into the female pigs during surgery.
[00:00:56.216]And we put about 30 transgenic embryos
[00:00:59.343]into the reproductive tract of females
[00:01:01.786]because they ovulate about 20 eggs.
[00:01:04.074]And they have a litter size of about 15,
[00:01:06.805]so we want to put enough embryos in there
[00:01:09.204]to get a normal litter size.
[00:01:13.515]Once we put the transgenic embryos into the female
[00:01:16.467]it takes about 114 days for piglets to be born.
[00:01:21.473]Once the mom gives birth to a transgenic piglet
[00:01:24.128]we perform a DNA test to confirm that they're transgenic
[00:01:27.229]and then we raise them to adulthood,
[00:01:29.109]which is about 180 days in females and 300 days in males.
[00:01:33.019]With our first transgenic adults
[00:01:35.479]we first make sure they're healthy
[00:01:37.155]and then we evaluate the function of the transgene.
[00:01:40.249]To evaluate the function of the transgene
[00:01:42.090]we compare the heterozygote transgenic pigs
[00:01:45.668]with their litter mate controls.
[00:01:47.783]First we look at their pedigrees
[00:01:49.613]and then we also use our knowledge of Punnett squares
[00:01:52.023]to determine what pigs to cross
[00:01:53.813]if we want to get heterozygote or homozygote piglets.
[00:01:57.053]And if the inheritance pattern was predictable
[00:02:00.563]using a Punnett square,
[00:02:01.483]then we know we've made the right pigs.
[00:02:05.151]The pigs for market will be homozygous
[00:02:06.960]because they have more dramatic phenotype.
[00:02:09.522]Since they're homozygous
[00:02:10.963]they produce more of the transgene
[00:02:12.213]so that's why we have a more dramatic phenotype.
[00:02:15.160]A sow can have approximately 2.5 litters a year
[00:02:18.153]and that equates to about fifteen piglets per litter
[00:02:21.746]so she can have around 30 piglets a year.
[00:02:25.543]We take about three years of breeding
[00:02:27.535]to get an acceptable group of transgenic pigs
[00:02:30.318]that we could market.
[00:02:34.199](upbeat music)

Enviropig Step 3

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Enviropig Step 3

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