Lifestyle Gardening 301

Brad Mills Author

12/18/2015 Added

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Backyard Farmer presents: Lifestyle Gardening

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[00:00:15.551](bright music)
[00:00:42.331]Hello again, everyone, and welcome
[00:00:43.891]to Lifestyle Gardening.
[00:00:45.671]I'm Kim Todd and we're very excited
[00:00:47.430]to be with you again for another
[00:00:49.031]half hour of good gardening.
[00:00:50.911]We've got a great program for you today
[00:00:52.731]as we'll be featuring tips on cleaning
[00:00:54.431]up your garden in the fall, an interview
[00:00:56.451]with Dave Titterington, focusing on wild bird seed,
[00:00:59.711]and we'll also answer a few of your gardening
[00:01:01.551]questions later in the show.
[00:01:03.592]But to start today's program, we'd like
[00:01:05.131]to talk to you about what is probably
[00:01:07.031]the most popular flower in the country,
[00:01:09.351]and that's roses.
[00:01:10.911]You can see them in just about every
[00:01:12.491]public, private, formal, or informal garden.
[00:01:15.411]Let's take a minute to introduce you to roses.
[00:01:18.491](grand music)
[00:01:41.411]Roses are a beloved landscape plant,
[00:01:43.631]and they've been that way for centuries.
[00:01:45.770]Whether you love the ones that climb
[00:01:47.451]on the trellis and remind you
[00:01:48.831]of your grandmother's garden,
[00:01:50.511]or the ones that come twelve in a box
[00:01:52.091]at Valentine's day, or perhaps even
[00:01:54.371]out of your own cutting garden,
[00:01:56.191]or the ones that are shrubs,
[00:01:57.671]that can be used in the landscape
[00:01:59.091]in a multitude of ways, they become
[00:02:01.471]a great addition if you know how
[00:02:03.411]to choose them, how to plant them,
[00:02:05.671]how to manage the insects and pests,
[00:02:07.831]and more importantly how to choose what you love.
[00:02:11.911]Classification of roses can sound
[00:02:13.731]pretty complicated.
[00:02:15.290]Everything from species roses, to rugosa roses,
[00:02:18.431]modern roses, shrub roses,
[00:02:20.691]grandifloras, floribundas,
[00:02:22.731]but let's start talking first about
[00:02:24.411]the modern shrub roses.
[00:02:26.511]They are a great addition to the landscape,
[00:02:28.471]again, if you want that color,
[00:02:30.170]if you want a long season of flowering,
[00:02:32.371]perhaps even the complement of hips
[00:02:34.851]that would take you into the Winter months.
[00:02:36.991]The modern shrub roses, often times,
[00:02:38.691]are very complex parentage.
[00:02:41.371]They were first selected and bred
[00:02:43.492]for their hardiness and that's a very
[00:02:45.312]important characteristic of the modern shrub roses.
[00:02:48.332]Many of them are on their own root,
[00:02:50.252]which means they may die to the ground
[00:02:51.872]in the Winter but they won't die entirely.
[00:02:54.332]They have been bred, often times,
[00:02:56.192]for very clean foliage, perhaps they're
[00:02:58.832]dwarf with multiple flowers, little tiny flowers.
[00:03:02.312]The range can also be very big, fully double,
[00:03:06.152]three bloomers, such as the Knockout series,
[00:03:09.472]is a classic of the modern shrub roses.
[00:03:12.614]That doesn't mean they're completely
[00:03:15.014]disease-resistant but they are disease-resistant.
[00:03:18.114]That clean foliage is a very important
[00:03:19.973]part of the modern shrub roses.
[00:03:22.094]Again, they can be fully double,
[00:03:23.734]they can be single roses, they can have
[00:03:25.494]a light fragrance, they don't typically
[00:03:27.854]have the very deep, old-fashioned rose scent
[00:03:31.194]that we think of with other types of roses.
[00:03:34.253]A key thing to keep in mind for them,
[00:03:36.054]though, however, is they really are a shrub.
[00:03:38.714]We don't take them to the ground
[00:03:40.194]prior to the Winter months because
[00:03:41.654]that can hurt the hardiness,
[00:03:43.513]but they also look just great in the landscape
[00:03:46.074]if you combine them with the grasses,
[00:03:48.594]other perennials, even shrubs,
[00:03:51.234]so that they can give you that layering
[00:03:53.673]effect in the landscape between
[00:03:55.234]taller material and shorter material.
[00:03:59.534]When most people think about roses,
[00:04:01.234]they think of the grandifloras
[00:04:02.753]and the floribundas, the ones that are
[00:04:04.414]the classic, perfect bud, they open
[00:04:07.233]into fully double forms, beautiful color range.
[00:04:11.134]They are not without a lot of management,
[00:04:13.434]however, to be able to get those beautiful flowers.
[00:04:16.354]They come in an incredible range
[00:04:18.213]of colors and sizes and shapes.
[00:04:20.754]They are disease-prone, not very
[00:04:23.134]disease-resistant, and you really should
[00:04:25.134]select for the ones that look the best
[00:04:27.434]during the growing season.
[00:04:29.254]Be prepared also to do a lot of pruning,
[00:04:31.953]a lot of management of the canes
[00:04:33.594]of those roses, some significant
[00:04:35.934]cutting back before the Winter months hit.
[00:04:39.134]Cover those crowns so that they
[00:04:40.694]really don't die over the Winter months,
[00:04:43.274]and also, look for all those insect pests.
[00:04:46.694]We have a variety of different
[00:04:48.994]types of roses here, the floribundas,
[00:04:51.094]the grandifloras, the true cutting roses,
[00:04:53.654]in the Hamann Rose Garden.
[00:04:55.413]One of the best ways for people to choose,
[00:04:58.033]is to pick the colors you love,
[00:05:00.494]for the situation that you have
[00:05:01.994]in which they will be growing.
[00:05:04.484]The best time to buy and plant roses
[00:05:06.175]in our zone is actually in the Spring,
[00:05:08.495]so take advantage of thinking about
[00:05:10.255]all that wonderful beauty and scent
[00:05:12.215]and smell you might want in your own
[00:05:14.635]landscape, choose wisely,
[00:05:15.795]whether it's a shrub rose, a floribunda,
[00:05:17.735]a grandiflora, a dwarf, a climbing rose,
[00:05:20.694]and watch our series because we
[00:05:22.595]are going to be talking about how to plant,
[00:05:25.175]how to manage, and most importantly,
[00:05:27.275]we're going to be talking about
[00:05:28.335]those insect and disease pests
[00:05:30.635]that can really damage your roses.
[00:05:32.836](upbeat piano music)
[00:05:35.635]As we've just seen, there are plenty
[00:05:37.155]of roses to choose from.
[00:05:39.214]The range of colors, sizes, and scents
[00:05:40.955]are plentiful enough so that you
[00:05:42.655]should be able to find something
[00:05:44.187]that really will fit your taste,
[00:05:45.734]your landscape, and your ability to manage them.
[00:05:49.075]For our second feature today,
[00:05:50.395]let's take a step back, or perhaps,
[00:05:52.515]a few steps forward.
[00:05:54.234]Getting that garden cleaned up in the fall
[00:05:55.815]is a real key step to avoiding
[00:05:57.895]insect and disease pest problems
[00:05:59.795]throughout the growing season.
[00:06:01.595]Did you get a chance to properly
[00:06:03.035]clean up your vegetables after harvest?
[00:06:05.295]Or cut back those ornamentals
[00:06:06.735]that were past their prime?
[00:06:08.635]If not, here are a few tips
[00:06:10.195]for you to consider next Fall.
[00:06:12.275](upbeat music)
[00:06:32.915]Since Backyard Farmer ends so early
[00:06:34.675]in the Fall, we really don't get much
[00:06:36.215]of a chance to talk to you about
[00:06:37.775]why sanitation in the garden
[00:06:39.215]is such a great idea.
[00:06:40.995]We're going to take a look around our garden,
[00:06:42.895]and see just exactly why we're doing the cleanup,
[00:06:45.955]and what difference it's going to make
[00:06:47.494]when we come to next Spring season.
[00:06:51.414]We always tell our viewers that one
[00:06:53.155]of the best things you want to do
[00:06:54.355]is choose varieties that are as
[00:06:56.155]disease-resistant as possible.
[00:06:58.475]With tomatoes, depending on what
[00:06:59.935]you're after, you may end up with heirlooms
[00:07:01.815]that are pretty disease-prone.
[00:07:04.135]You may end up also with tomatoes
[00:07:05.695]that are really disease-resistant
[00:07:07.475]but they grow like a jungle,
[00:07:09.094]and they might even continue
[00:07:10.415]producing until the first hard frost.
[00:07:12.955]If you leave that debris stand, however,
[00:07:15.055]you have all sorts of potential problems next year.
[00:07:18.015]Whether it's the blights of tomatoes,
[00:07:19.875]or whether it actually harbors
[00:07:21.775]all sorts of insects, the other thing that happens
[00:07:24.295]is if you leave that rotten fruit
[00:07:25.855]on the ground, you can end up
[00:07:27.475]with vertebrate pests that can oftentimes
[00:07:29.995]be a problem in the garden anyway.
[00:07:32.275]So what you're going to want to do
[00:07:33.415]is pick off as many of those tomatoes
[00:07:35.275]as you can possibly harvest and eat,
[00:07:37.815]clean up the debris, get rid of the vines,
[00:07:40.475]pull the roots out of the soil,
[00:07:42.575]and then, ideally, get that soil ready for the next Spring.
[00:07:46.375]Tomatoes are also one of the crops
[00:07:48.115]that you want to make sure you can
[00:07:49.415]rotate if at all possible, because a lot
[00:07:51.975]of the diseases that they do carry
[00:07:53.915]can be transmitted in the soil.
[00:07:56.645]One of the real interesting things
[00:07:58.335]that we have to clean up is, of course,
[00:08:00.095]our squash and pumpkins and watermelons
[00:08:02.095]if you're so lucky as to have watermelons.
[00:08:04.635]During the season we talk a lot
[00:08:05.995]about squash vine borers, cucumber beetles,
[00:08:08.815]all those little insects that can
[00:08:10.675]get in there and ruin the vines,
[00:08:12.275]ruin the crop, cause gardeners heartache
[00:08:15.296]when it comes to actually getting a crop.
[00:08:17.695]You can see the debris on the ground
[00:08:18.974]under the leaves of our pumpkins,
[00:08:20.855]and while we have a great crop
[00:08:22.195]of pumpkins themselves, we're going
[00:08:24.035]to want to make sure we get all of this
[00:08:25.895]debris cleaned up, not only so that it
[00:08:28.055]doesn't harbor the eggs of those insects,
[00:08:30.635]but we also had some diseases in the foliage this year.
[00:08:33.695]This is another location where, ideally,
[00:08:35.875]we're going to do a little bit of rotation
[00:08:38.175]of crop if at all possible.
[00:08:40.475]Know full well that since we do not spray up here,
[00:08:43.375]we probably are going to have vine borers,
[00:08:45.475]and squash beetles, again next year.
[00:08:49.435]You may have put in some cool-season crops
[00:08:51.595]very early last Spring, and if you're lucky,
[00:08:54.215]they are still producing.
[00:08:55.755]This is the Artworks Broccoli, which is
[00:08:57.595]one of the all-American selections.
[00:08:59.675]We actually didn't do the harvesting
[00:09:01.255]the way we probably should have,
[00:09:03.255]but what this is supposed to do is produce
[00:09:04.975]very tiny small heads as opposed to the giant ones.
[00:09:09.015]The cool-season crops can go later
[00:09:11.015]into the season and some of them
[00:09:12.775]actually increase in flavor after a hard frost,
[00:09:16.015]such as Brussels sprouts.
[00:09:17.655]That also means that if you're going
[00:09:18.995]to do good garden cleanup,
[00:09:20.436]you might be doing it in stages.
[00:09:22.516]Pull these out later, allow them to complete
[00:09:25.016]their cycle, and then get ready for next Spring.
[00:09:28.416]If you put in cool-season crops this Fall,
[00:09:30.856]you may or may not have had good success,
[00:09:33.196]and if you didn't, especially if you're
[00:09:34.836]working in a raised bed, or in a location
[00:09:37.016]where you've done other plantings
[00:09:38.856]like this before, you might want
[00:09:40.696]to consider going ahead and doing some
[00:09:42.556]pretty significant soil amending
[00:09:44.536]before next Spring.
[00:09:47.026]The material you cut or remove
[00:09:48.816]from your garden in the Fall for cleanup
[00:09:50.617]can be put in the compost pile,
[00:09:52.637]as long as it is pretty disease-free,
[00:09:55.116]and, especially if you have built
[00:09:57.157]a compost pile correctly, so that
[00:09:59.076]it will get hot enough to kill the diseases
[00:10:01.996]and kill most of the insect eggs.
[00:10:03.857]This is a great example of one
[00:10:05.136]of the compost piles that we use
[00:10:06.757]in the Backyard Farmer garden.
[00:10:08.657]We lift these sections off,
[00:10:10.677]our master gardeners turn it,
[00:10:12.437]then we can actually spread that material
[00:10:13.957]on the garden either later this Fall,
[00:10:16.657]or in the Spring and it helps enrich the soil
[00:10:19.097]and gets rid of all that debris
[00:10:20.417]without taking it to the landfill.
[00:10:22.576]Be aware, however, also that if you're
[00:10:24.566]in a location where all of those voles
[00:10:26.697]and ground squirrels and other critters
[00:10:28.838]that Dennis Ferraro talks about on the show,
[00:10:31.398]make the garden their home,
[00:10:33.218]they absolutely love going up into
[00:10:35.298]the warmth of that compost pile.
[00:10:37.297]You might pull the top off of that
[00:10:39.178]and discover that you have a bitty family
[00:10:41.017]of rodents living in there as well.
[00:10:43.418](upbeat music)
[00:10:46.258]Voles and other critters need food
[00:10:47.897]and shelter during the Winter months.
[00:10:49.878]So take that into consideration
[00:10:51.377]when your harvest is over and it's
[00:10:52.738]time to do some of those chores.
[00:10:55.018]Make mental notes as to where you
[00:10:56.477]planted vegetables, and consider
[00:10:58.138]rotating their growing spaces next Spring.
[00:11:01.038]Good sanitation in the Fall goes a long way
[00:11:03.418]to a healthy, vibrant garden in the Spring and Summer.
[00:11:07.257]Speaking of feeding critters, a lot of people
[00:11:09.797]like to make sure the birds are taken care of
[00:11:11.797]in the cold by setting up bird feeders
[00:11:13.718]in their backyards.
[00:11:15.357]There are plenty of feeders and seed
[00:11:16.758]available on the market, but which ones
[00:11:18.998]are the right choice?
[00:11:20.618]We recently talked to wild bird habitat
[00:11:22.497]owner, Dave Titterington about his recommendations
[00:11:25.738]to help those beautiful birds make it through the Winter.
[00:11:28.658](upbeat music)
[00:11:46.257]If you're one of those people who is
[00:11:47.397]creeped out by Alfred Hitchcock's
[00:11:49.437]movie, "The Birds," you're still going
[00:11:51.598]to want to watch this segment
[00:11:53.098]because I have the pleasure of talking
[00:11:54.838]to Dave Titterington of Wild Bird Habitats
[00:11:57.458]store in Lincoln.
[00:11:58.717]We're going to talk about all the really
[00:12:00.538]great things about attracting
[00:12:02.497]birds to your landscape.
[00:12:04.218]Dave, if people really want to attract
[00:12:06.118]birds to their landscape, I'm assuming
[00:12:08.038]there are a lot of pretty simple things
[00:12:09.719]that they need to begin with.
[00:12:11.319]Can you elaborate on that
[00:12:12.239]a little bit for our viewers?
[00:12:14.299]Well, primarily, there's about six different
[00:12:16.119]basic bird feeders, and those feeders
[00:12:18.398]attract different species of birds.
[00:12:20.858]So you want to consider the type
[00:12:22.098]of bird feeders that you have.
[00:12:23.779]You also want to consider the type of seed
[00:12:25.519]that you put in those feeders.
[00:12:27.798]Birds come to elevated feeders,
[00:12:29.379]primarily for the nut meats because
[00:12:31.038]they're high in fat, high in protein.
[00:12:34.168]You don't want to fill those feeders
[00:12:35.399]with a lot of seed that's got the small
[00:12:37.119]white millet in it.
[00:12:38.819]Birds are going to come up and pick out what they want.
[00:12:41.478]They don't have a lot of time to search
[00:12:42.899]through the seed because of predators
[00:12:44.719]that they're always on alert for,
[00:12:46.769]because of competition with other birds.
[00:12:48.935]So it's a combination of pairing up
[00:12:51.235]the right type of feeder with the right type of feed
[00:12:54.154]to attract the largest variety of bird species
[00:12:56.274]you'd like to see in your backyard
[00:12:57.836]during the Summer or Winter months.
[00:12:59.936]If you are attracting birds to the landscape,
[00:13:02.376]do you really need those edible plants?
[00:13:04.576]Couldn't we just go out on an acreage,
[00:13:06.256]stuff all those feeders every place,
[00:13:08.156]and still get them to fly in?
[00:13:09.936]And if not, why not?
[00:13:11.496]Why wouldn't they do that?
[00:13:12.517]Well birds need a diverse diet,
[00:13:14.177]and bird feeders are only providing
[00:13:16.537]about 25-30% of a bird's diet.
[00:13:19.857]It's actually basically a supplemental
[00:13:22.117]food source for them.
[00:13:23.797]But they primarily need the natural foods
[00:13:26.577]that they'll find out in the woodlands
[00:13:29.178]and the undergrowth of the woodlands,
[00:13:31.778]out in the grasslands, so there's a lot
[00:13:33.718]of natural foods and you can do this
[00:13:35.518]by planting some of those native
[00:13:37.178]and natural foods in your yard,
[00:13:39.458]you're going to attract a lot of species.
[00:13:41.418]Probably species that wouldn't even
[00:13:42.638]come to your backyard for the bird feeders.
[00:13:44.838]You'll pull some warblers in,
[00:13:46.618]maybe some cedar waxwings, with some
[00:13:48.658]of the berries and some of the shrubs
[00:13:50.119]that you plant and so it's a good idea
[00:13:51.658]to not just have feeders but have
[00:13:53.298]a good variety of other natural foods
[00:13:55.518]for the birds and you'll really increase
[00:13:57.498]the birds coming to your habitat.
[00:13:59.538]Plus provide a good nesting habitat for them.
[00:14:01.938]Good cover if predators come around,
[00:14:04.018]so you'll want to consider the whole picture.
[00:14:07.458]If there were products that you
[00:14:08.878]would recommend for people,
[00:14:10.718]what would they be, and the flip of that
[00:14:12.898]is, why would you not recommend
[00:14:14.618]those products for 2016 and beyond?
[00:14:17.818]Well, when you come to feeders,
[00:14:19.438]we've got feeders that are really standard
[00:14:21.638]feeders, they've been on the market
[00:14:23.718]for quite a while, they've had major
[00:14:25.778]improvements to them, in fact,
[00:14:27.417]now they come with lifetime warranties.
[00:14:29.477]We take care of all the warranties
[00:14:30.698]right here at the store.
[00:14:32.218]They come with a lifetime warranty,
[00:14:33.838]they're made in the U.S.A.
[00:14:35.768]They're proven to be successful,
[00:14:37.639]whether it's a platform feeder, seed tube feeder,
[00:14:40.519]Niger, the thistle feeder, a hopper feeder.
[00:14:43.279]Any of the basic feeders, and we have
[00:14:44.799]some different variations of those feeders,
[00:14:46.899]but we want to make sure we give
[00:14:48.819]our customers a really quality product,
[00:14:51.899]preferably made in the U.S.
[00:14:54.019]Something that's going to withstand
[00:14:55.319]the elements because they are outdoors,
[00:14:57.879]and something that we can repair
[00:14:59.439]if something goes wrong with it.
[00:15:00.859]So there are a lot of new products
[00:15:02.159]on the market, we scrutinize those products
[00:15:04.679]to make sure they meet our standards
[00:15:06.979]before we put them up for customers
[00:15:09.399]to view and purchase.
[00:15:10.999]We get the question a lot from people
[00:15:12.599]about, "How in the world do I keep
[00:15:14.219]"all that seed from germinating under my feeder?"
[00:15:17.119]And then, of course, the voles come in
[00:15:19.039]and everything else, so how can they
[00:15:20.419]keep that from happening?
[00:15:22.159]Well there is going to be a certain
[00:15:23.239]amount of sanitation you're going
[00:15:24.539]to have to provide if you're going
[00:15:26.079]to feed birds in your backyard.
[00:15:27.579]It doesn't take a lot of time,
[00:15:29.059]but you can go with products such as
[00:15:31.239]sunflower hearts, whole sunflower seeds
[00:15:34.239]are some of our no-mess feeds,
[00:15:36.559]where you don't have a lot of debris
[00:15:37.939]left on the ground, you're still going to have some.
[00:15:40.459]You want to make sure what you're buying
[00:15:44.029]doesn't contain a lot of weed seeds
[00:15:46.120]or one that's big that we find
[00:15:48.880]is canary reed grass that you don't want
[00:15:50.920]to get started in your yard,
[00:15:52.580]especially if you're around a wetland.
[00:15:54.360]So you'll want to read the labels.
[00:15:55.820]All seed's got to be labeled by law.
[00:15:57.820]Read those labels, read the ingredients
[00:15:59.619]in there, if it starts out assorted grain products,
[00:16:02.550]milo, wheat, barley, red millet,
[00:16:04.961]you might want to stay away from those products,
[00:16:07.141]because the birds aren't going to eat it,
[00:16:09.761]it's going to germinate, so cutting back
[00:16:11.941]on that, buying a good quality seed,
[00:16:14.301]that's really going to help minimize
[00:16:16.381]what grows underneath that feeder.
[00:16:18.501]So on that note, I think there's
[00:16:19.720]really only one thing to do as we
[00:16:21.761]leave Wild Bird Habitat, that would be,
[00:16:23.481]first off, say thanks to Dave,
[00:16:25.141]so I guess it's two things,
[00:16:26.541]and the second, I need to refill my bird feeder.
[00:16:29.301]So I'm off with my bags and I'm going
[00:16:30.981]to get some more seed!
[00:16:32.601]Well we really appreciate you giving us
[00:16:35.001]this opportunity to help educate people,
[00:16:37.081]and hope you get a lot of listeners
[00:16:39.401]and viewers watching it.
[00:16:40.482](upbeat music)
[00:16:43.442]Talking to a professional like Dave,
[00:16:45.122]and knowing what to look for on the label
[00:16:46.881]will help you make smart choices
[00:16:48.781]when it comes to bird feed.
[00:16:50.562]Pick the right feeder and feed,
[00:16:51.941]and the birds will flock to your backyard this Winter.
[00:16:55.261]Okay, time to put on your thinking caps,
[00:16:57.582]and repeat after me.
[00:16:59.302]"Suffrutescent."
[00:17:01.522]What the heck does that word mean?
[00:17:03.662]Well it could mean a lot to some
[00:17:05.161]of the ornamentals you have planted around your home.
[00:17:07.922]What to do with suffrutescence is the focus
[00:17:10.202]of this week's Landscape Lesson.
[00:17:12.862](casual music)
[00:17:21.742]We often use words and scientific language
[00:17:24.002]that are pretty complicated
[00:17:25.662]and have obscure meanings,
[00:17:28.142]but when you come right down to it,
[00:17:29.562]they're pretty simple.
[00:17:31.162]One of those words is suffrutescent,
[00:17:33.704]and if you think semi-woody, or plants
[00:17:36.202]that really don't want to leave their crowns,
[00:17:39.301]hardy over the winter months,
[00:17:40.782]that is what suffrutescent means.
[00:17:43.102]One of the reasons that's an important term
[00:17:45.232]to understand is we have a handful
[00:17:46.810]of plants in the planes states,
[00:17:49.111]that do have that habit.
[00:17:50.871]That means the crown is woody,
[00:17:52.831]or solid and strong, and the top is not,
[00:17:56.770]that's where the word "semi-woody" comes from.
[00:17:59.331]And we want to manage those a little
[00:18:00.891]differently than we do standard perennials,
[00:18:03.291]or standard shrubs.
[00:18:05.291]So of course a perennial has stems
[00:18:07.781]that are not woody, and they have
[00:18:09.731]the water pressure to hold those stems upright.
[00:18:12.591]And then they die to the crown, or,
[00:18:14.611]if they're a little bit semi-evergreen,
[00:18:16.552]we can leave that foliage stand over the Winter months.
[00:18:19.392]Woody shrubs, on the other hand,
[00:18:21.591]the root system, the caudex, or the crown,
[00:18:24.112]and the stems themselves are woody,
[00:18:26.432]so typically we leave those stand
[00:18:28.172]over the Winter months, or if we do
[00:18:30.191]do pruning on them, we can expect
[00:18:32.552]that foliage to regenerate.
[00:18:34.732]Our handful of plants that are semi-woody,
[00:18:37.432]or suffrutescent, should be handled differently.
[00:18:41.252]What we suggest on that is if you do
[00:18:43.732]want to do some pruning of those plants
[00:18:45.492]in the Fall of the year, just for cleanup,
[00:18:48.392]or to tidy up the garden or the landscape
[00:18:50.372]a little bit, do not take those all the way
[00:18:53.112]back down to the ground, or down to four
[00:18:55.172]to six inches above the ground.
[00:18:57.072]What you want to do is leave 18-24 inches
[00:18:59.852]if at all possible, make those pruning cuts,
[00:19:03.072]and help protect the crown of the plant
[00:19:05.172]over the Winter months.
[00:19:06.792]Part of the damage that can occur
[00:19:08.432]with some of the suffrutescent plants
[00:19:10.192]or the ones that are a little bit
[00:19:11.332]marginally hardy but they're shrub-like,
[00:19:13.792]is that if they have a hollow stem,
[00:19:15.932]like hibiscus, as an example, you can get
[00:19:18.472]water down into that stem, that can go
[00:19:21.292]down into that woody crown or that
[00:19:23.412]semi-woody crown, and crack it
[00:19:25.792]in the Winter months as that water
[00:19:27.442]expands and freezes.
[00:19:29.053]The other thing that can happen
[00:19:30.173]with a suffrutescent plant like butterfly bush,
[00:19:33.153]or bloomis spirea, is we leave those big stems
[00:19:36.793]standing over the Winter months,
[00:19:38.913]and then if they do re-foliate, or leaf out,
[00:19:41.853]the coming Spring, you have all sorts
[00:19:44.533]of dead, bare twiggage at the base,
[00:19:48.113]you have a bit of leafage at the top,
[00:19:50.513]but at the base of the plant you don't
[00:19:51.973]get that regeneration of the ground foliage,
[00:19:55.073]and that's really what you're after.
[00:19:57.013]So, to manage those suffrutescent plants
[00:19:59.393]properly you want to do the pruning cuts
[00:20:02.513]in the Fall, pretty high up in the plant,
[00:20:06.753]and then take the rest of that growth
[00:20:08.272]off in the Spring, when they have
[00:20:09.893]started to leaf out.
[00:20:11.673](casual music)
[00:20:14.833]A few well-timed and placed cuts
[00:20:16.433]in the Fall if necessary, and again in the Spring for sure,
[00:20:20.013]can make a world of difference for these plants.
[00:20:22.613]And we hope that help you understand
[00:20:24.133]not only when and where, but what
[00:20:25.973]needs this kind of attention.
[00:20:28.473]Okay, let's take a few minutes now
[00:20:29.933]to answer our viewers' emails.
[00:20:31.893]We'd love to hear from you and perhaps
[00:20:33.532]you could share a picture or two with us.
[00:20:35.773]Just send us an email to
[00:20:37.013]byf@unl.edu.
[00:20:40.633]Our first question comes from Anita,
[00:20:43.393]and she has a gala apple tree.
[00:20:46.353]It's about five to six years old.
[00:20:48.733]This is the first year it's actually borne fruit,
[00:20:51.033]so that was a good thing.
[00:20:52.593]But she's noticing that it's got
[00:20:54.093]what she's describing as a fungus
[00:20:56.213]right at one pretty critical juncture of the branches.
[00:20:59.873]She's wondering whether that is something
[00:21:01.593]that can be removed, or dealt with,
[00:21:03.913]to make sure that plant continues to be healthy.
[00:21:06.753]And as we look at the photographs on this,
[00:21:09.253]the unfortunate thing is it appears
[00:21:11.633]as though what she has happening is
[00:21:14.143]what we called included bark.
[00:21:16.573]That means that the main stem
[00:21:18.053]is being pinched off, or is actually growing
[00:21:20.373]up through two other branches
[00:21:22.653]that are too close together.
[00:21:24.473]The attachment of those side branches
[00:21:26.333]to the main trunk is weak, and weakening,
[00:21:29.213]that's likely where the crack occurred.
[00:21:31.493]Once the crack occurs, you get
[00:21:33.873]fungus growing in that moist environment.
[00:21:37.073]You might have additional insect damage
[00:21:39.513]happening, so unfortunately,
[00:21:41.713]about the only things she can hope to do
[00:21:43.853]in this case, is keep that tree as healthy
[00:21:45.853]as possible, consider starting another one.
[00:21:49.433]Maybe reduce the weight of those
[00:21:51.093]side branches to keep them from
[00:21:53.553]peeling off of the main trunk.
[00:21:55.913]And that really is an unfortunate situation,
[00:21:58.073]that's structural on this particular plant.
[00:22:02.074]We have a question from Stan,
[00:22:04.334]in the Ashland, Gretna area.
[00:22:06.814]This is a plant ID question that came in
[00:22:08.694]earlier this Fall, which is actually
[00:22:10.734]a really good time of year to identify
[00:22:12.894]those shrubs or trees that might be
[00:22:15.234]growing up in place of some of the things you want.
[00:22:18.514]Maybe the birds have brought them to you,
[00:22:20.114]and that is exactly probably what happened here.
[00:22:22.894]This is one of our honeysuckles.
[00:22:25.154]Unfortunately, it is also one of the ones
[00:22:27.534]that is on the invasive species list.
[00:22:30.194]You can identify honeysuckle by the opposite leaves,
[00:22:33.034]and by the paired, or twinned, red berries.
[00:22:36.774]A soft, fleshy fruit, which the birds
[00:22:40.754]absolutely relish, they spread them all over.
[00:22:43.694]This is a very aggressive shrub.
[00:22:46.074]It is one that will go from zero
[00:22:47.754]to about six feet if you blink twice,
[00:22:50.354]so, unless you really are going to keep that
[00:22:52.154]under control in the surrounding area,
[00:22:54.894]you need to get that out of the landscape, Stan.
[00:22:58.894]For our final feature today,
[00:23:00.394]we'll return to the subject of roses.
[00:23:02.774]Just like everything else that grows,
[00:23:04.334]you're going to face some challenges
[00:23:05.934]with insect pests, roses are no different.
[00:23:09.174]For expert help on what's eating our roses
[00:23:11.474]and what to do about it, here's
[00:23:12.874]Nebraska Extension Animologist, Jonathan Larson.
[00:23:16.094](smooth casual music)
[00:23:32.654]Today we're going to talk about roses.
[00:23:34.194]Everybody loves these beautiful plants,
[00:23:35.794]they're the symbol for love, everybody
[00:23:37.454]likes to take care of them,
[00:23:38.954]and make them look pretty.
[00:23:40.294]And unfortunately we do have a few
[00:23:41.634]different kinds of pests that can get
[00:23:43.234]on these beautiful plants.
[00:23:44.974]We have a few different kinds like thrips.
[00:23:47.314]We can also experience problems
[00:23:48.854]with Japanese beetles.
[00:23:50.674]We can see problems with aphids,
[00:23:52.554]as well as another pest known as the rose slug.
[00:23:55.374]And these all attack different portions
[00:23:57.334]of your rose plant.
[00:23:59.034]If you are concerned about thrips,
[00:24:00.814]you're going to be looking in the flower area,
[00:24:02.674]that's where they like to infest.
[00:24:04.494]There's a couple of different kinds
[00:24:05.634]that you can encounter, but the most
[00:24:07.414]common one is the Western Flower Thrips.
[00:24:10.094]And they infest up here in the petals.
[00:24:12.254]And what you'll notice with these insects,
[00:24:14.104]is small, very tiny creatures
[00:24:17.364]moving around in the petals.
[00:24:19.124]They're almost indistinguishable from dust.
[00:24:21.504]It's very difficult to see them, you almost
[00:24:23.064]need a hand lens to take a closer look at them.
[00:24:26.844]Symptoms of thrips are going to include
[00:24:28.944]looking for the damage that they cause
[00:24:30.564]with their interesting mouth parts.
[00:24:32.424]Their mouths are half piercing,
[00:24:35.184]and half slurping, and so they
[00:24:37.494]will puncture the petal of the rose,
[00:24:39.585]and leave a little puncture mark,
[00:24:41.065]and then as they slurp those fluids up,
[00:24:42.935]they leave behind speckling damage,
[00:24:44.626]or stippling damage on the petals.
[00:24:46.606]You may also notice their fecal material.
[00:24:48.906]It's usually shiny and black, it looks
[00:24:50.426]like somebody has flecked motor oil
[00:24:52.606]into the petals of your flower.
[00:24:54.946]If you want to control these thrips,
[00:24:57.186]you can go out with a product like Pyola,
[00:25:00.046]you could also use neem oil or Spinosad.
[00:25:03.186]The only warning I would give you
[00:25:04.287]with Spinosad is to apply that in the evening time,
[00:25:08.137]when the bees are not flying around the plant,
[00:25:10.368]and that way you can protect
[00:25:11.368]those important pollinators but remove
[00:25:13.268]the thrips that you don't want around.
[00:25:15.628]With that, we'll move into the stem of the plant.
[00:25:17.348]That's where you get aphids.
[00:25:18.668]Everybody's experienced aphids
[00:25:20.068]on their different kinds of plants.
[00:25:21.989]The symptoms that they can leave behind
[00:25:23.768]are, again, stippling, as well as piles
[00:25:25.548]of honeydew that they leave behind.
[00:25:27.948]Their fecal material is a sticky, gross substance
[00:25:31.288]that builds up on the plant.
[00:25:33.068]Aphids, you can control those
[00:25:34.588]in the early morning, with a jet spray
[00:25:36.788]of water, just get your hose out,
[00:25:38.488]and take a big jet spray and blow them off there.
[00:25:41.568]And they'll fall to the ground,
[00:25:42.508]they're too dumb to find their way
[00:25:43.708]back up onto the plant.
[00:25:45.808]You could also try Spinosad, or neem oil
[00:25:47.628]for those as well.
[00:25:50.188]If you go to the leaves of the plant,
[00:25:51.968]you can experience two distinct pests
[00:25:54.748]that will infest those areas.
[00:25:56.688]The first one is the Japanese beetle.
[00:25:58.668]It'll also attack the petals of the plant,
[00:26:00.568]and it will shred those into a fine powder.
[00:26:03.408]If it's feeding on the leaves, though,
[00:26:05.088]it'll leave behind skeletonized,
[00:26:06.908]doily-looking leaves on the plant.
[00:26:09.668]These are big orange and green beetles,
[00:26:13.288]with white spots on their butt.
[00:26:15.168]You can control these with a lot
[00:26:16.789]of different kinds of products.
[00:26:18.148]You can treat the leaves with Carbaryl,
[00:26:20.088]you can treat them with Bifenthrin,
[00:26:22.048]you can also go with Pyola, and that
[00:26:23.808]is an organic option that will provide you
[00:26:25.768]about 10 to maybe even 11 or 12 days of protection.
[00:26:29.728]If you're going to try and treat the beetles
[00:26:31.369]in the flower portion of the plant,
[00:26:33.408]I would again caution you to treat at night,
[00:26:35.568]so you avoid interacting with the bees
[00:26:37.508]that are visiting your roses,
[00:26:39.188]but you'll be able to have that product dried,
[00:26:41.328]and the residues will be there to protect
[00:26:43.088]the petals from the Japanese beetle.
[00:26:45.908]The other pest on the leaves that you can get
[00:26:48.108]is called the rose slug, and that's a bit
[00:26:49.888]of a misnomer, it's not a slug at all.
[00:26:52.508]It looks like a caterpillar, but it's actually a baby wasp.
[00:26:56.548]And so the rose slug will feed on the top
[00:26:58.928]and bottom parts of the rose leaf.
[00:27:01.429]They will scrape it away and they create
[00:27:03.209]this windowpane damage in the leaf.
[00:27:05.729]You can almost see through it after they've
[00:27:07.449]removed several of the layers on the leaf.
[00:27:10.349]As they get bigger they'll feed all the way
[00:27:12.069]through the plant, and they will create
[00:27:13.849]skeletonizing damage as well.
[00:27:16.269]Those, again, can be controlled
[00:27:17.609]with just about any of the products
[00:27:19.009]I've mentioned before, neem oil,
[00:27:21.089]Spynosad, Pyola, those are some of the
[00:27:23.409]more organic options.
[00:27:25.309]Or you can go with strict insecticides
[00:27:27.029]like Carboryl, or Bifenthrin.
[00:27:29.849]That's how you can protect your plant,
[00:27:31.669]keep them looking beautiful so you
[00:27:32.809]can have these nice roses out in front of your house.
[00:27:35.589]I hope that helps, just keep your eyes
[00:27:36.829]open for these pests and you'll
[00:27:37.990]be able to control them.
[00:27:39.490](upbeat guitar music)
[00:27:43.350]The first step in control is keeping
[00:27:44.970]a sharp eye on your roses.
[00:27:46.910]And if you do find something causing a problem,
[00:27:49.250]Jonathan mentioned, both traditional
[00:27:51.210]chemicals and some IPM natural controls as well.
[00:27:55.350]Thank you so much for joining us
[00:27:56.910]again for Lifestyle Gardening.
[00:27:59.150]Next time we'll be showing you some beautiful
[00:28:01.290]ornamentals for Fall color, and we've got
[00:28:03.490]a fun feature interview on millet.
[00:28:05.930]So good morning, good gardening,
[00:28:08.010]thanks for watching, and we'll see you all
[00:28:09.710]next time on Lifestyle Gardening.
[00:28:12.550](upbeat music)

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