Plant to Table: Rose Godinez
Rose Godinez
Author
04/28/2023
Added
15
Plays
Description
"Through the Eyes of a Meatpacker's Daughter"
Immigrants represent over 50% of Nebraska’s meatpacking workforce. At work, immigrant workers face unsafe working conditions while at home they face an immigration system threatening to tear their family apart. Godinez will relate the story of her families’ experience with and in the meatpacking industry. She will discuss how both the immigration process and the health and safety standards during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted advocacy across the state all the way to the nation’s capital. The advocacy opportunities do not stop there: Godinez will end her presentation with advocacy opportunities we can all undertake to support safe working meatpacking workers and their families.
Godinez is Senior Legal and Policy Counsel for ACLU Nebraska. She was raised in Lexington and is the proud daughter of immigrants and former meatpacking plant workers. Godinez has been a strong advocate for workers’ rights and safety both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Part of the 2023 Great Plains Conference.
Searchable Transcript
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- [00:00:00.060]My name's Margaret Jacobs.
- [00:00:01.230]I'm the director of the Center for Great Plains Studies,
- [00:00:03.510]and this is our 48th annual conference.
- [00:00:06.390]And we've had a day and a half of events so far,
- [00:00:09.840]and we're really pursuing
- [00:00:13.950]three major themes.
- [00:00:15.060]One is Indigenous food sovereignty,
- [00:00:17.100]one is on meatpacking
- [00:00:19.110]and all that goes with meatpacking,
- [00:00:21.188]from immigration to health issues.
- [00:00:24.177]And our third theme is the environmental impact
- [00:00:26.820]of food production.
- [00:00:29.970]And I wanna begin today
- [00:00:31.500]as we began yesterday, by acknowledging
- [00:00:34.380]that the Center for Great Plains Studies
- [00:00:36.330]and the University of Nebraska
- [00:00:38.040]is a land grant institution.
- [00:00:41.100]We have campuses and programs
- [00:00:42.600]on the past, present and future homelands
- [00:00:44.760]of many Indigenous nations,
- [00:00:46.560]including the Pawnee, Ponca, Oto, Missouria,
- [00:00:49.530]Omaha, Dakota, Lakota, Kaw, Cheyenne
- [00:00:53.070]and Arapaho peoples,
- [00:00:54.780]as well as those of the relocated Ho-Chunk,
- [00:00:57.900]Sac and Fox, and Iowa peoples.
- [00:01:00.570]The land we currently call Nebraska
- [00:01:02.460]has always been and will continue
- [00:01:04.110]to be an Indigenous homeland.
- [00:01:07.080]Can you please take a moment to consider the legacies
- [00:01:09.900]of more than 150 years
- [00:01:11.910]of displacement, violence, settlement
- [00:01:14.850]and survival that bring us here today?
- [00:01:22.680]So we wanna welcome our speaker this morning.
- [00:01:26.730]Our speaker is Rose Godinez.
- [00:01:29.370]She's a senior legal
- [00:01:32.506]and policy council for ACLU Nebraska.
- [00:01:36.150]She was raised in Lexington
- [00:01:38.220]and is the proud daughter of immigrants
- [00:01:40.470]and former meatpacking plant workers.
- [00:01:43.350]She's gonna speak about that experience today,
- [00:01:45.540]as well as the larger context
- [00:01:47.280]for meatpackers in our state
- [00:01:49.620]and on the Great Plains.
- [00:01:51.450]Godinez has been a strong advocate
- [00:01:53.760]for workers' rights and safety,
- [00:01:55.440]both before and during
- [00:01:57.030]the COVID pandemic, and we feel so honored
- [00:02:01.170]to have you with us today, Rose, and welcome.
- [00:02:03.922](audience applauds)
- [00:02:28.199]Thank you.
- [00:02:30.640]Thank you, Margaret,
- [00:02:32.340]and thank you, everyone, for being here.
- [00:02:34.230]My name is Rose Godinez.
- [00:02:36.300]I am a daughter
- [00:02:38.130]of former meatpacking plant workers.
- [00:02:40.740]They're actually pictured right here.
- [00:02:42.060]This is the back.
- [00:02:45.068]I'm also a daughter of immigrants, with who,
- [00:02:47.400]together with years worked combined,
- [00:02:51.090]worked at meatpacking plants
- [00:02:52.740]for over 30 years.
- [00:02:54.600]And yet, after those 30 years
- [00:02:56.910]of my parents working at plants,
- [00:02:58.320]of me touring the plant
- [00:03:00.660]with my dad and literally watching
- [00:03:03.090]a cow get slaughtered,
- [00:03:05.340]I still eat meat. (laughs)
- [00:03:06.815](audience laughs) But what can I say?
- [00:03:08.580]I was raised in Nebraska
- [00:03:10.050]on major amounts of protein
- [00:03:11.760]at a discounted rate, (audience laughs)
- [00:03:14.040]which explains why I am a bodybuilder now.
- [00:03:17.220]Just kidding, I'm an attorney. (audience laughs)
- [00:03:19.381]Now, (audience laughs)
- [00:03:20.214]before I tell this story
- [00:03:22.350]about meatpacking workers and the conditions
- [00:03:24.900]they work in,
- [00:03:26.100]I want to start out by telling you
- [00:03:27.480]I don't tell this story to spite companies.
- [00:03:30.150]I don't tell it to spite
- [00:03:31.260]the agricultural industry.
- [00:03:33.450]I was raised on wages
- [00:03:35.880]paid for by meatpacking companies.
- [00:03:38.130]In fact, a meatpacking company
- [00:03:41.072]paid for a part of my college tuition
- [00:03:42.960]to Creighton University.
- [00:03:44.730]But while I don't tell this story to spite companies,
- [00:03:47.400]I do volunteer it to grow awareness
- [00:03:50.160]of the conditions meatpacking workers find themselves in
- [00:03:53.340]and to bring some life into those stories,
- [00:03:55.230]to bring a face to those stories.
- [00:03:57.360]And to hold the companies accountable
- [00:03:59.010]because, to me, it's not just anybody
- [00:04:01.560]working in those companies.
- [00:04:02.880]It was my mom and dad.
- [00:04:04.650]It still is many
- [00:04:06.210]of my relatives and friends,
- [00:04:09.000]a large portion of my neighbors
- [00:04:10.950]in my hometown of Lexington.
- [00:04:13.860]So in a nutshell,
- [00:04:15.330]it is a personal issue.
- [00:04:18.180]So let's talk about,
- [00:04:19.980]and as I go through this story,
- [00:04:21.600]I will weave in pieces
- [00:04:22.740]of my family's story.
- [00:04:24.540]I got permission from them
- [00:04:25.860]to tell parts of their story.
- [00:04:27.750]So let's talk about
- [00:04:30.000]who works in the meatpacking plants.
- [00:04:31.557]The meatpacking industry is currently, in Nebraska,
- [00:04:34.080]made up of over 50% immigrants,
- [00:04:36.810]most being people of color
- [00:04:38.280]and generally low-income brackets.
- [00:04:42.600]And I don't know if you'll be able to see these,
- [00:04:44.550]but if you wanna pull it up,
- [00:04:45.870]it's from (laughs) the Economic Policy Institute.
- [00:04:48.780]It breaks down the demographics.
- [00:04:50.700]And I'll just go through some of the highlights.
- [00:04:53.190]So one of the reasons many immigrants settle
- [00:04:55.710]in Nebraska is because of the agriculture industry.
- [00:04:58.647]And meatpacking plants are the fueling
- [00:05:01.950]beef cattle industry raised on Indigenous land
- [00:05:06.270]in Nebraska, displaced by European settlers.
- [00:05:10.200]As of 2020, according to the US Bureau
- [00:05:13.200]of Labor Statistics, Nebraska is the top state,
- [00:05:16.020]with the most workers in meatpacking
- [00:05:17.790]and poultry processing plants, with 26,000 workers.
- [00:05:20.940]We're just a little over Iowa,
- [00:05:22.650]hovering in the hundreds.
- [00:05:24.390]The meatpacking industry began to attract immigrants
- [00:05:27.300]since the mid-1880s with South Omaha's plant in 1884,
- [00:05:31.560]attracting mainly African American workers
- [00:05:34.170]at the time, as well as immigrants from Poland,
- [00:05:36.870]Czechoslovakia, Greece
- [00:05:38.700]and other European countries.
- [00:05:40.500]Fast-forward to today, and those demographics
- [00:05:42.690]look quite different.
- [00:05:44.370]The top countries of origin of workers
- [00:05:46.080]in meatpacking plants now
- [00:05:48.090]are from Mexico, El Salvador,
- [00:05:50.830]Guatemala, Burma and Cuba,
- [00:05:52.890]which explains why Spanish is the top language,
- [00:05:55.050]spoken among 65.2% of workers
- [00:05:57.690]in the meatpacking industry.
- [00:05:59.346]And over 70% are immigrants.
- [00:06:01.800]So now that we know who is working
- [00:06:04.470]at meatpacking plants,
- [00:06:05.550]let's talk about why.
- [00:06:07.860]My parents, not too long ago,
- [00:06:10.050]were two of the immigrants from Guatemala,
- [00:06:13.530]Spanish-speaking, working in a Nebraska meatpacking plant.
- [00:06:16.980]They came to the United States,
- [00:06:18.220]back from Guatemala, in the late '80s, early '90s.
- [00:06:22.590]They came to the United States
- [00:06:24.030]seeking a better life for their children.
- [00:06:26.130]My mom and dad, back in Guatemala,
- [00:06:28.230]would try to make do with jobs
- [00:06:30.960]distributing tortillas and bread
- [00:06:33.630]or making bread or tortillas.
- [00:06:35.670]But as you can imagine,
- [00:06:36.780]that did not leave much money
- [00:06:38.610]for more than food,
- [00:06:40.410]which meant my family, at the time,
- [00:06:41.940]my grandmother, my dad,
- [00:06:43.650]my mom and my siblings
- [00:06:45.540]lived in a house made of thin metal plates,
- [00:06:49.080]like these,
- [00:06:51.450]on dirt floors.
- [00:06:54.270]And you add to that the effects
- [00:06:56.460]of the guerillas taking place at the time,
- [00:06:58.800]the gang violence in Guatemala,
- [00:07:00.930]and as parents, had to make
- [00:07:02.370]the difficult decision to abandon everything.
- [00:07:05.520]And when I say everything,
- [00:07:07.020]I mean everything and everyone
- [00:07:09.660]that they know,
- [00:07:10.650]because they didn't have much more than that.
- [00:07:13.710]And take their family to the United States.
- [00:07:16.680]This likely sounds familiar
- [00:07:18.390]because it is still happening today.
- [00:07:20.730]Many immigrant families are migrating
- [00:07:23.670]to the United States for very similar reasons
- [00:07:25.620]to that of my family.
- [00:07:27.123]Yet, many people don't understand
- [00:07:29.280]why people don't enter legally
- [00:07:31.290]or get in line.
- [00:07:33.450]And since I am a former immigration attorney,
- [00:07:36.750]I cannot pass up this opportunity
- [00:07:39.090]to discuss this issue before we get back
- [00:07:41.430]to meatpacking workers' conditions.
- [00:07:44.490]Because I do think this gives you context
- [00:07:46.980]of the systemic issues that meatpacking workers
- [00:07:49.770]are facing on the daily.
- [00:07:52.110]So I will now break into my like crash course
- [00:07:55.650]of Immigration 101.
- [00:07:56.820]Typically, this takes more than an hour,
- [00:07:58.890]but I cut it down to like 10, 15 minutes,
- [00:08:01.950]just so you know a little bit of background
- [00:08:04.860]on immigration laws.
- [00:08:06.810]So just to start out, there are only four paths
- [00:08:09.570]to become a permanent resident in the United States.
- [00:08:11.970]That's to get a Green Card.
- [00:08:13.710]And know none of them are easy,
- [00:08:16.560]at least not for immigrants
- [00:08:18.090]from low-income households
- [00:08:20.280]or certain countries.
- [00:08:23.340]And that applies to a lot of meatpacking plant workers.
- [00:08:27.210]So we'll start off with, I forget
- [00:08:28.950]there's a thing right in front of me.
- [00:08:31.920]So we'll start off with some terminology,
- [00:08:34.650]because we often say immigrants
- [00:08:36.360]or non-citizens, US citizens.
- [00:08:38.730]One thing I do want to make clear
- [00:08:40.350]is that we should not
- [00:08:41.757]and do not use the term illegal.
- [00:08:44.700]And I'll say that for a number of reasons.
- [00:08:46.920]One, it's not legally accurate.
- [00:08:51.420]Being in the United States
- [00:08:52.890]without authorization is not a crime, per se.
- [00:08:56.580]It can be a civil penalty,
- [00:08:59.940]but it's not necessarily a crime.
- [00:09:01.410]And then, second,
- [00:09:02.850]it's also dehumanizing.
- [00:09:05.160]We don't call other people
- [00:09:06.120]who have committed crimes illegal,
- [00:09:08.430]so why should we do it for immigrants?
- [00:09:10.980]So please don't use that word.
- [00:09:13.950]So now we'll talk about the words
- [00:09:15.240]that you can use, which is non-US citizens, US citizens.
- [00:09:18.870]Now, lawful permanent residence is likely one
- [00:09:21.390]that you've heard.
- [00:09:22.260]I'm gonna take this out because I need to walk. (laughs)
- [00:09:25.770]Can I do that? Yeah.
- [00:09:28.110]Okay.
- [00:09:29.010]Yes, I feel more comfortable.
- [00:09:30.720]Okay.
- [00:09:32.130]Lawful permanent residents
- [00:09:33.330]are individuals with a Green Card.
- [00:09:34.980]So those are people that have,
- [00:09:38.220]they're actually not all green.
- [00:09:40.680]Some of them are light red.
- [00:09:42.600]Then I think now, recently, they actually did change
- [00:09:44.820]to green, so it may be accurate now.
- [00:09:46.440]But either way,
- [00:09:47.430]lawful permanent residents can be in the United States
- [00:09:49.770]for a prolonged period of time,
- [00:09:51.780]permanent, as in its name, for 10 years.
- [00:09:56.220]And then they have to renew it,
- [00:09:57.240]but they still have to go through
- [00:09:58.470]a criminal history background
- [00:10:01.020]every 10 years,
- [00:10:02.400]and you can still be deported.
- [00:10:04.680]So that's the closest you can be to becoming
- [00:10:07.650]a US citizen.
- [00:10:08.730]Then the other category are those
- [00:10:11.490]that are fleeing persecution.
- [00:10:13.050]So there's asylees and refugees.
- [00:10:17.610]Asylees are people that come to this country,
- [00:10:19.650]and you've likely heard of them recently,
- [00:10:21.150]because that is a contentious issue
- [00:10:23.160]at the border.
- [00:10:25.320]Asylees can apply from within the country
- [00:10:26.790]or at the border,
- [00:10:30.690]seeking asylum because
- [00:10:33.300]they're fearing persecution in their home country.
- [00:10:38.010]And then refugees, essentially the same thing,
- [00:10:40.320]but they're applying from outside of the country.
- [00:10:42.720]And there's a certain cap by the federal government.
- [00:10:46.530]So there's only a certain amount of refugees
- [00:10:48.900]that could be accepted.
- [00:10:49.980]One thing I did learn recently,
- [00:10:51.480]my sister-in-law actually worked with refugees
- [00:10:53.760]quite a bit for some years,
- [00:10:55.020]and she said Nebraska
- [00:10:58.530]received the most refugees per capita
- [00:11:01.200]in the entire country.
- [00:11:03.420]I didn't know that,
- [00:11:04.253]I don't know if you know that,
- [00:11:05.430]but it's largely driven by the industry,
- [00:11:09.420]the agricultural industry.
- [00:11:12.270]So next category are those with temporary permission.
- [00:11:15.840]Temporary permission applies to those
- [00:11:17.430]that have temporary protected status.
- [00:11:19.620]So certain countries are designated TPS,
- [00:11:23.040]if you've heard of that.
- [00:11:24.150]And that's usually if that country
- [00:11:25.920]has either gone through
- [00:11:27.900]a natural disaster or is going through a civil war.
- [00:11:30.780]The United States gives them a authorization
- [00:11:34.170]to be in the country.
- [00:11:35.003]So you get a work permit, you can drive,
- [00:11:37.020]you can get a Social Security number,
- [00:11:38.820]but that does not have a path to a Green Card.
- [00:11:42.120]There's also DACA recipients,
- [00:11:43.350]which you've likely heard,
- [00:11:44.940]which is Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.
- [00:11:48.450]I wanna say children,
- [00:11:49.283]but they're not children anymore.
- [00:11:50.610]A lotta DACA recipients are now adults,
- [00:11:53.310]but they came here as children,
- [00:11:55.080]have graduated from high school
- [00:11:57.930]or gotten some kind of education,
- [00:12:00.420]and go through the immigration system
- [00:12:02.700]to also get just the work permit
- [00:12:04.290]and Social Security number.
- [00:12:05.490]Again, that's not a path to get a Green Card.
- [00:12:08.850]Then there's non-immigrants.
- [00:12:10.320]So those are people that have applied for visas.
- [00:12:14.220]That's where you think tourist visa,
- [00:12:16.320]the fiance visa, the student visa,
- [00:12:19.860]those kind of visas.
- [00:12:21.150]That means you don't need to come to this country
- [00:12:23.130]and stay here.
- [00:12:23.963]You just plan to be here for a little bit,
- [00:12:25.830]and then go back to your home country.
- [00:12:28.473]And then the last category is undocumented.
- [00:12:31.410]Those are individuals that don't have any authorization
- [00:12:33.420]to be in this country,
- [00:12:35.670]do not have authorization to work or drive,
- [00:12:39.600]but it is a large portion
- [00:12:41.190]of immigrants in Nebraska
- [00:12:43.320]and in this country.
- [00:12:44.520]In fact, in the country,
- [00:12:45.480]it's over 11 million people.
- [00:12:48.780]And then, switching over to the US citizen category,
- [00:12:51.570]which is a little easier,
- [00:12:53.820]as you all know,
- [00:12:54.900]if you are born in the United States,
- [00:12:56.310]you are a US citizen.
- [00:12:57.750]And then you can also naturalize.
- [00:12:59.190]So after being a lawful permanent resident
- [00:13:01.890]for five years
- [00:13:02.723]and meeting other requirements,
- [00:13:04.410]like knowing English, knowing US history
- [00:13:06.930]and a criminal background check,
- [00:13:09.270]you can apply to become a US citizen.
- [00:13:11.490]Then you can also acquire
- [00:13:13.350]and derive citizenship.
- [00:13:14.550]That happens through your parents.
- [00:13:16.830]If you were born abroad
- [00:13:18.480]or if they happen to naturalize,
- [00:13:20.580]you can get citizenship in that way.
- [00:13:25.530]So now that we know
- [00:13:26.580]some of that terminology,
- [00:13:28.260]let's talk about the four paths that I mentioned.
- [00:13:30.570]There's family-based immigration,
- [00:13:32.070]humanitarian relief,
- [00:13:33.240]employment-based immigration,
- [00:13:34.740]diversity program.
- [00:13:36.000]Now, the majority of the meatpacking workers
- [00:13:38.700]will likely fall in the first two categories.
- [00:13:40.650]So I'm just going to quickly just describe
- [00:13:42.510]what the last two categories are,
- [00:13:44.220]so you see how that's not really applicable here.
- [00:13:47.220]Employment-based immigration, think Google, Apple.
- [00:13:49.980]When they're trying to hire
- [00:13:51.090]a software engineer from, I don't know, Brazil,
- [00:13:55.140]they have to, the company applies
- [00:13:57.480]for that worker to come to the United States
- [00:14:00.210]because they can't find a worker
- [00:14:02.160]with the same skills here in the States.
- [00:14:07.230]So that person usually has very high education
- [00:14:10.860]and likely the resources to come to this country.
- [00:14:15.060]The last one is the diversity program.
- [00:14:16.770]That's basically a visa lottery,
- [00:14:18.150]and it's exactly that.
- [00:14:19.590]So the United States gives a certain amount
- [00:14:21.900]of visas to a certain amount of countries,
- [00:14:25.263]and you apply from outside of the country.
- [00:14:26.670]You have to have internet access,
- [00:14:27.900]you have to have some sort of education
- [00:14:30.270]in order to apply for the visa lottery.
- [00:14:32.310]And then if your number is drawn,
- [00:14:33.900]you get a visa to the United States.
- [00:14:35.640]It's not very common.
- [00:14:36.780]I think throughout my entire career
- [00:14:39.840]practicing immigration law,
- [00:14:40.950]I ran into one case.
- [00:14:44.190]So it's not common at all.
- [00:14:46.770]Now let's go through the first two,
- [00:14:48.540]which are really, probably the main relief
- [00:14:52.170]that meatpacking workers can seek,
- [00:14:53.730]and that's humanitarian relief.
- [00:14:55.350]As I discussed, those are asylees and refugees.
- [00:14:58.740]Also, temporary protected status.
- [00:15:02.820]None of those necessarily lead
- [00:15:04.590]to a Green Card.
- [00:15:06.995]And then there's family-based immigration.
- [00:15:08.520]That's probably the most common one
- [00:15:11.400]that meatpacking workers fall into.
- [00:15:15.510]The problem with family-based immigration
- [00:15:17.280]is it's so narrowly defined.
- [00:15:20.490]So it's not
- [00:15:21.960]your aunts, your uncles.
- [00:15:23.640]It's not your grandma, grandpa.
- [00:15:25.500]It's only specific people,
- [00:15:28.050]and I'll go through those now.
- [00:15:29.370]So immediate relatives
- [00:15:30.870]is very specifically defined.
- [00:15:32.640]Immediate relatives include your spouse,
- [00:15:35.490]your children and parents of a US citizen.
- [00:15:39.009]So if you are a parent
- [00:15:42.327]and you want to petition for your child,
- [00:15:44.820]you're a United States citizen parent,
- [00:15:46.590]you wanna petition for your child,
- [00:15:48.210]your child must be unmarried
- [00:15:49.980]and under 21 years old.
- [00:15:52.380]If you are a US citizen child
- [00:15:55.290]and you wanna petition for your parents,
- [00:15:57.930]your only immediate relative,
- [00:15:59.520]if you are over 21 years old.
- [00:16:02.160]So that'll address
- [00:16:03.420]kind of the anchor baby situation
- [00:16:06.150]or like the rhetoric that you've likely heard.
- [00:16:13.714]There's this like story
- [00:16:15.720]being told that immigrants come to the United States
- [00:16:18.180]and have their babies, and then,
- [00:16:19.860]done, you get citizenship somehow.
- [00:16:22.770]That does not exist.
- [00:16:24.150]There is no such thing.
- [00:16:25.380]There's no anchor baby relief,
- [00:16:27.210]unless that child is born 21 years old,
- [00:16:29.310]which is impossible. (audience laughs)
- [00:16:31.514]It's just not a relief.
- [00:16:35.130]And then everybody else that you can think of,
- [00:16:36.870]so unmarried sons and daughters
- [00:16:38.400]that are over 21
- [00:16:40.050]or relatives of a legal permanent resident.
- [00:16:44.820]Unmarried sons and daughters
- [00:16:46.380]of a legal permanent resident,
- [00:16:47.820]married sons and daughters, brothers and sisters.
- [00:16:50.460]Those all fall under the preference categories.
- [00:16:52.980]And these'll make sense when I show you this chart.
- [00:16:56.520]And I don't know if you'll be able to see
- [00:16:58.020]that in the back, but I will read some of them.
- [00:16:59.880]I'll read one of them,
- [00:17:01.020]to give you an example.
- [00:17:03.060]Most commonly, when I practice immigration law,
- [00:17:06.180]the most common scenario,
- [00:17:07.410]because it's just so unlikely
- [00:17:10.470]for an immigrant to have a child
- [00:17:12.390]that's over 21 years old
- [00:17:13.950]already in the country.
- [00:17:16.080]It's also very rare to have
- [00:17:17.460]a parent that has already become a US citizen,
- [00:17:21.450]and then wanting to petition for their child back home.
- [00:17:23.910]It's not a common scenario.
- [00:17:25.440]But one that is very common is brothers and sisters
- [00:17:29.010]wanting to petition for their other family members.
- [00:17:31.800]So I would get that consultation constantly
- [00:17:34.710]when I practiced immigration law.
- [00:17:36.480]And so let me just give you a scenario
- [00:17:38.760]of someone in Mexico
- [00:17:39.960]who wants to petition,
- [00:17:41.100]a US citizen here, wants to petition for their daughter.
- [00:17:43.680]Their daughter.
- [00:17:44.513]Wants to petition for their sister in Mexico.
- [00:17:47.790]That is an F4 category, right?
- [00:17:49.770]So we're on the bottom row.
- [00:17:51.840]And then under Mexico,
- [00:17:52.890]you'll see August 1st of 2000.
- [00:17:56.550]Those are the applications they're processing right now.
- [00:17:59.509]Oh! That's 23 years.
- [00:18:02.130]And I wish I could tell you,
- [00:18:04.147]"Oh, because it says August 1st of 2000 right now,
- [00:18:07.207]"tomorrow it'll be August 2nd, 2000."
- [00:18:10.590]No, unfortunately,
- [00:18:12.330]some of these numbers never even move.
- [00:18:14.430]I just did a presentation, actually,
- [00:18:15.930]to the ACLU staff not too long ago on this.
- [00:18:19.770]So it said November of 2023,
- [00:18:21.147]and I borrowed that slide.
- [00:18:22.590]So I should give credit, by the way.
- [00:18:24.240]I learned a lot of this
- [00:18:25.410]at Immigrant Legal Center and ACLU of Nebraska.
- [00:18:28.591](laughs)
- [00:18:30.090]But anyway, I did that presentation
- [00:18:31.680]back in November,
- [00:18:32.910]and I can tell you,
- [00:18:35.310]many of these numbers didn't change.
- [00:18:37.140]That was six months ago.
- [00:18:40.200]And then the processing times,
- [00:18:42.120]because they're so slow,
- [00:18:44.370]back when I worked at Justice for our Neighbors,
- [00:18:46.380]which is now Immigrant Legal Center,
- [00:18:48.030]someone actually mathematically calculated
- [00:18:50.550]like all of these times and reasoned
- [00:18:52.860]what timeline it would be if you filed.
- [00:18:56.040]And for that, I only remember
- [00:18:57.990]the F4 Mexico category,
- [00:18:59.580]and I remember it being over 80 years.
- [00:19:03.720]So you would never in your lifetime
- [00:19:06.090]see your sister or your brother
- [00:19:08.310]come to the United States,
- [00:19:11.160]at least not through a visa.
- [00:19:13.620]So that's why we see
- [00:19:15.270]so many people at the border.
- [00:19:17.160]Our immigration system
- [00:19:18.450]does not cater to them
- [00:19:20.610]and it does not allow for any reasonable way
- [00:19:23.910]to enter this country.
- [00:19:26.850]So now that we've talked about
- [00:19:29.640]the immigration system,
- [00:19:32.130]it's only one of the systemic issues
- [00:19:34.650]the majority of our meatpacking workers are facing,
- [00:19:36.780]which directly impacts their ability
- [00:19:38.940]to negotiate, earn promotions,
- [00:19:41.610]get a higher education,
- [00:19:43.500]and, unfortunately, subjects them
- [00:19:44.910]to often low-paying, dangerous work conditions,
- [00:19:47.760]retaliation and just overall vulnerable
- [00:19:50.580]to mistreatment by their employers.
- [00:19:55.080]My parents did not receive an education
- [00:19:57.390]past middle school in Guatemala,
- [00:19:59.760]but came to the United States
- [00:20:01.830]like many other immigrants,
- [00:20:03.270]with an unmatched work ethic.
- [00:20:06.390]See, in many of the countries
- [00:20:08.010]our immigrant families come from,
- [00:20:10.350]an education isn't free.
- [00:20:12.420]So you have to pay tuition,
- [00:20:13.680]you have to pay school materials,
- [00:20:15.630]things my family could simply not afford.
- [00:20:18.150]And while they didn't achieve the education
- [00:20:20.040]I was able to,
- [00:20:21.270]thanks to their sacrifices,
- [00:20:24.600]they are absolutely brilliant
- [00:20:27.000]and my first and best mentors in life.
- [00:20:30.690]The lack of a high school
- [00:20:31.950]or higher education is prevalent
- [00:20:34.230]in Mexico, Central and South American countries
- [00:20:36.690]since the large majority of immigrants
- [00:20:38.460]only have up to a high school education or less.
- [00:20:42.510]And this is just a chart showing you
- [00:20:45.000]the highest education levels
- [00:20:46.860]of immigrants in the United States.
- [00:20:49.290]Consequently, when immigrants move
- [00:20:50.880]to the United States seeking a job
- [00:20:52.470]with a stable income
- [00:20:53.940]that does not require a higher education,
- [00:20:56.430]for thousands of those immigrants,
- [00:20:58.230]that job is in a meatpacking plant.
- [00:21:01.050]Back in the meatpacking plants,
- [00:21:02.250]my mom worked on the production line,
- [00:21:05.850]similar to this.
- [00:21:08.310]So cutting big chunks of meat.
- [00:21:10.080]She'd wear metal-toed boots,
- [00:21:12.090]which she had to purchase,
- [00:21:13.650]a metal vest, a robe and a helmet.
- [00:21:16.770]On her, she also had sharp knives.
- [00:21:19.200]She would stand a few feet from her co-workers,
- [00:21:21.330]similar to what you see here,
- [00:21:24.360]each with a different piece of meat to carve,
- [00:21:26.370]and then send it on down the line.
- [00:21:30.510]The line never slowed down.
- [00:21:32.490]If a worker had to go to the restroom,
- [00:21:34.560]the line didn't slow down.
- [00:21:35.970]If a worker got injured,
- [00:21:37.230]the line doesn't slow down.
- [00:21:38.790]Other workers just had to pick up the slack.
- [00:21:40.830]I remember my mom
- [00:21:42.600]becoming really close to the people on her line
- [00:21:46.200]and knew that they were depending on her.
- [00:21:47.820]So if she had to go on a break,
- [00:21:49.380]she would have to come right back
- [00:21:52.119]because she didn't want to to cause them
- [00:21:54.000]any more work than they were already doing.
- [00:21:57.240]And this is also why you've heard stories
- [00:21:58.980]from across the country
- [00:22:00.000]where workers are denied bathroom breaks
- [00:22:02.070]and are forced to wear diapers for fear
- [00:22:03.780]of losing their job.
- [00:22:05.490]A recurring theme across many of the stories
- [00:22:08.430]that I'm going to talk about today
- [00:22:10.573]is just the overall prioritization
- [00:22:14.340]of profit over people.
- [00:22:18.120]So let's talk line speech just for a minute.
- [00:22:22.770]Amputations, fractured fingers,
- [00:22:25.470]burns, head trauma,
- [00:22:27.660]they're not rare in this industry.
- [00:22:29.250]Meatpacking workers are three times more likely
- [00:22:31.440]to suffer a serious injury than any other worker
- [00:22:33.810]in the United States.
- [00:22:35.130]And workers in the beef and pork industry
- [00:22:37.260]are seven times more likely
- [00:22:38.550]to suffer strain injuries.
- [00:22:40.920]OSHA has found that there are at least
- [00:22:42.900]17 severe accidents a month
- [00:22:45.570]in meatpacking plants, which include hospitalizations,
- [00:22:48.930]amputations or the loss of an eye.
- [00:22:51.600]In fact, amputations happen on the average
- [00:22:54.240]of twice a week,
- [00:22:55.770]most being fingers or fingertips,
- [00:22:57.600]but can also have documented amputations
- [00:22:59.820]of hands, arms and toes.
- [00:23:02.280]Yet, the US Department of Agriculture,
- [00:23:04.620]USDA, has now allowed three pork plants
- [00:23:07.560]to increase their line speeds as part
- [00:23:09.600]of a trial program to boost production,
- [00:23:12.480]including one plant in Nebraska.
- [00:23:14.850]This comes after
- [00:23:15.690]the United Food and Commercial Workers Union
- [00:23:17.880]said the USDA, because of their safety concerns.
- [00:23:21.660]Sued the USDA, I'm sorry,
- [00:23:24.330]because of their safety concerns
- [00:23:25.920]for workers with increased line speeds.
- [00:23:28.050]The judge then ordered that plants
- [00:23:29.670]could only process 1,106 hogs per hour.
- [00:23:35.070]Meatpacking companies make billions
- [00:23:37.440]of dollars in revenue
- [00:23:39.780]while paying workers wages of an average
- [00:23:41.760]of $15 an hour,
- [00:23:43.140]a median salary of $30,000,
- [00:23:45.840]for very dangerous work.
- [00:23:47.940]I'll leave to you to decide whether
- [00:23:49.500]that is a just and fair salary,
- [00:23:51.720]but what I can tell you is that during the pandemic,
- [00:23:54.330]the meatpacking companies' profit margins
- [00:23:56.310]jumped 300%, $1 billion in dividends
- [00:23:59.910]and stock buybacks.
- [00:24:01.860]Adding to this, the fact that the Trump administration
- [00:24:04.110]at the time declared meatpacking workers
- [00:24:06.180]to be essential workers.
- [00:24:07.680]And you would think the companies
- [00:24:08.910]would have invested that money
- [00:24:10.830]in everything possible to protect their workers,
- [00:24:13.590]including distancing workers on the lines,
- [00:24:15.810]providing masks, providing leave
- [00:24:17.880]and testing as soon as it was possible.
- [00:24:21.090]Unfortunately, this didn't prove to be true.
- [00:24:25.890]During the spring of 2020,
- [00:24:27.450]as people all around the world
- [00:24:29.760]raced to isolate to protect themselves from COVID,
- [00:24:32.550]meatpacking plant workers found themselves exposed,
- [00:24:35.130]vulnerable and on the front lines of the pandemic.
- [00:24:38.379]In April of 2020,
- [00:24:39.400]COVID had spread across meatpacking plants
- [00:24:41.820]in states including Iowa, South Dakota,
- [00:24:43.830]Texas and Nebraska.
- [00:24:45.240]Tens of thousands of majority immigrant workers
- [00:24:47.850]became infected with COVID
- [00:24:49.410]after being drawn to the Midwest
- [00:24:51.300]because of its demand for labor.
- [00:24:53.820]In fact, an analysis by "The Guardian"
- [00:24:55.980]conducted in May of 2020 found that nearly half
- [00:24:58.290]of the counties in the United States
- [00:24:59.670]with the highest per capita infection rate
- [00:25:03.330]were around communities with a meatpacking plant.
- [00:25:06.780]The meatpacking plants' crowded processing floors,
- [00:25:09.870]the locker rooms, the cafeterias,
- [00:25:11.610]they quickly became vectors for COVID,
- [00:25:13.680]facilitating its spread
- [00:25:15.240]from not only employees to their families
- [00:25:17.340]and then to the community.
- [00:25:19.110]So soon, it became clear that COVID hotspots
- [00:25:21.660]in Nebraska all had one common denominator,
- [00:25:24.450]and that was a meatpacking plant.
- [00:25:26.640]Then in May 2021,
- [00:25:28.110]over 7,000 meatpacking plant workers
- [00:25:30.330]in Nebraska had contracted COVID.
- [00:25:32.400]256 were hospitalized
- [00:25:34.680]and 28 had died.
- [00:25:36.990]Those numbers are surely undercounted
- [00:25:39.450]because Nebraska did not begin to track cases,
- [00:25:42.000]disaggregated by race and ethnicity
- [00:25:43.740]or occupation, until much later,
- [00:25:46.620]until the ACLU of Nebraska
- [00:25:48.120]and several advocacy organizations,
- [00:25:49.650]some of them present here,
- [00:25:50.970]including Nebraska Appleseed,
- [00:25:53.880]and community leaders called upon
- [00:25:55.830]the Ricketts administration to do so.
- [00:25:58.530]Some meatpacking plants rightly utilized
- [00:26:00.780]physical barriers, masks,
- [00:26:02.400]employee health screenings
- [00:26:03.750]and other protective measures,
- [00:26:05.370]but those measures were simply not sufficient.
- [00:26:08.070]At this point, it was clear,
- [00:26:09.900]public officials had made undeniably clear
- [00:26:12.510]that testing, transparency
- [00:26:14.040]and physical distancing were critical
- [00:26:16.620]to (indistinct) the disease in every community
- [00:26:18.360]and in every workplace.
- [00:26:19.950]Yet, there have been no reports of plants implementing
- [00:26:22.530]a testing program or spacing workers six feet apart
- [00:26:25.620]or considering changes in line speed or scheduling.
- [00:26:30.030]Through May of 2020, profit-driven owners
- [00:26:32.310]of Nebraska meatpacking plants were crowding
- [00:26:34.200]the lines, with workers standing shoulder to shoulder,
- [00:26:36.960]often without proper PPE,
- [00:26:38.670]despite the clear health standards to the contrary.
- [00:26:41.910]Health officials became increasingly worried,
- [00:26:43.920]and at the time, even called upon the governor
- [00:26:46.170]to shut down the plants,
- [00:26:47.940]at least until we could figure out how
- [00:26:50.580]to protect the workers.
- [00:26:52.740]Their efforts were thwarted
- [00:26:54.150]by the then-administration, who interceded
- [00:26:56.220]to allegedly prevent civil unrest.
- [00:26:58.650]Should we not have meat?
- [00:27:00.660]Our local hospitals and other medical providers
- [00:27:03.120]quickly became overwhelmed
- [00:27:04.650]as COVID cases began to spike.
- [00:27:07.260]In May of 2020,
- [00:27:08.520]Governor Ricketts announced that the state
- [00:27:09.960]would stop providing the public
- [00:27:11.760]with data on infection rates
- [00:27:13.260]at specific plants, and actually called upon plants
- [00:27:16.650]to stop sharing that data.
- [00:27:19.170]It should go without saying
- [00:27:20.520]that to effectively address the pandemic
- [00:27:23.157]and to direct resources where they are most needed,
- [00:27:26.130]you need that data.
- [00:27:28.080]So without knowing the breadth of COVID
- [00:27:30.930]and how it was affecting communities,
- [00:27:32.610]public health officials, advocates
- [00:27:34.230]and members of the public just did not have
- [00:27:36.090]the tools necessary to address the inequities
- [00:27:39.510]the pandemic was only exacerbating.
- [00:27:42.450]In fact, at one point during the peak of that pandemic,
- [00:27:44.670]in the summer of 2020,
- [00:27:46.170]Latinos were more overrepresented among those dying
- [00:27:48.690]of COVID in Nebraska than in any other state,
- [00:27:51.810]according to the COVID-19 Tracking Project.
- [00:27:54.600]Additionally, Nebraska ran second
- [00:27:56.820]during that time across the country
- [00:27:59.490]in Latino overrepresentation
- [00:28:02.430]in confirmed COVID-19 cases.
- [00:28:04.590]According to the statistics released
- [00:28:06.180]by the Nebraska DHHS in July 2020,
- [00:28:09.060]despite Latinos like only comprising 11%
- [00:28:12.900]of the overall population,
- [00:28:14.430]people who identified as Latino
- [00:28:15.930]accounted for 60% of the COVID cases
- [00:28:18.390]in the state,
- [00:28:20.340]largely due to the fact
- [00:28:21.900]that we were the immigrant workforce.
- [00:28:24.480]Because of the plants' failure to protect workers,
- [00:28:26.577]the ACLU turned to advocacy,
- [00:28:28.710]including submitting open records requests
- [00:28:30.780]to local health departments.
- [00:28:33.810]We turned to the Nebraska Department of Labor
- [00:28:35.790]that employed our state Meatpacking Bill of Rights.
- [00:28:38.419]In case you didn't know, we, in Nebraska,
- [00:28:40.620]one thing that's really cool is we have
- [00:28:42.073]a Meatpacking Bill of Rights,
- [00:28:45.060]which is being violated every day,
- [00:28:47.070]but it is there,
- [00:28:48.437]and it just needs more teeth.
- [00:28:50.250]And I'll talk about that towards the end
- [00:28:51.580]of my presentation.
- [00:28:53.850]We turned to the federal agency of OSHA
- [00:28:55.890]by filing complaints,
- [00:28:58.170]and the agency simply told the family members
- [00:29:00.090]to take care
- [00:29:01.140]and that they were sorry they could not do more.
- [00:29:03.690]We also worked in a coalition with a diverse group
- [00:29:05.880]of stakeholders to pursue remedies
- [00:29:07.710]in the state legislature.
- [00:29:10.080]All of them unsuccessful,
- [00:29:11.790]due to the industry's opposition.
- [00:29:16.050]So we were left with litigation.
- [00:29:19.050]The ACLU then filed a lawsuit
- [00:29:22.290]against a meatpacking plant
- [00:29:23.850]in Hastings, Nebraska,
- [00:29:25.470]seeking to implement basic COVID protections.
- [00:29:28.530]Nine months after the pandemic had hit,
- [00:29:30.600]this is in December of 2020,
- [00:29:32.151]the pandemic hit our state in full force.
- [00:29:34.500]Our lawsuit alleged workers
- [00:29:35.970]were still finding themselves
- [00:29:37.500]without adequate distancing,
- [00:29:39.270]masks, sick leave and testing.
- [00:29:41.700]Workers in the Hasting plant reported
- [00:29:43.470]the company pressured them to remain on shift
- [00:29:45.810]even when they had symptoms.
- [00:29:47.610]They failed to replace their blood-stained
- [00:29:49.710]and sweat-stained and sweat-dripping masks
- [00:29:53.040]during their long shifts.
- [00:29:54.480]They didn't facilitate social distancing
- [00:29:56.220]inside the plant,
- [00:29:57.480]as you can see in this photo.
- [00:30:01.140]That's the cafeteria on the left,
- [00:30:03.390]and the floor on the right.
- [00:30:07.560]Unfortunately, our case was dismissed
- [00:30:09.600]on standing because our plaintiffs
- [00:30:11.580]no longer worked at the plant
- [00:30:13.110]for fear that they would contract COVID,
- [00:30:15.150]they would put their families at risk
- [00:30:16.800]and their community at risk.
- [00:30:18.330]And with no current employee at the plant
- [00:30:20.580]willing to step forward
- [00:30:21.930]because of the immense fear of retaliation
- [00:30:26.010]in the plant, we were not able
- [00:30:27.990]to continue the case.
- [00:30:30.210]And now I'll just read you a couple of quotes
- [00:30:32.310]from my clients, who I use pseudonyms for.
- [00:30:37.740]Alma was one of the workers,
- [00:30:38.787]and she said, "People were scared
- [00:30:41.107]"when the pandemic started,
- [00:30:42.337]"but management made it seem like it wasn't a big deal.
- [00:30:45.097]"The first thing they said
- [00:30:46.537]"was that nobody could miss work.
- [00:30:48.127]"They would say that COVID was just nonsense.
- [00:30:50.527]"Even when things got more serious,
- [00:30:51.967]"they didn't care."
- [00:30:53.310]Her husband, Antonio,
- [00:30:55.590]after he started feeling some symptoms,
- [00:30:58.380]he says, "I told my supervisor that my eyes
- [00:31:00.607]"were hurting and that I had symptoms
- [00:31:02.077]"that were getting worse.
- [00:31:03.067]"And he basically told me to F off
- [00:31:05.137]"and go back to work."
- [00:31:06.780]An older worker who Antonio
- [00:31:08.640]was close with at the plant had died
- [00:31:11.280]of complications related to COVID
- [00:31:13.290]and had worked right next to him.
- [00:31:17.400]And Alma continues, "They think that we
- [00:31:18.847]"are slaves, not workers.
- [00:31:20.527]"You aren't allowed to get sick.
- [00:31:22.267]"What they're interested in is money.
- [00:31:23.917]"They want the factory to produce,
- [00:31:25.327]"and they don't care about the cost.
- [00:31:27.067]"Being an immigrant doesn't make people animals.
- [00:31:29.527]"They are like you and me.
- [00:31:30.697]"They're just trying to make a living."
- [00:31:33.690]This did not stop our advocacy.
- [00:31:36.818]I was invited to testify before Congress
- [00:31:38.880]by the United States House of Representatives
- [00:31:40.920]Select Subcommittee on the Coronavirus Crisis,
- [00:31:43.920]that's like a mouthful, in October of 2021
- [00:31:47.430]on how the industry had failed the workers
- [00:31:49.830]who feed America.
- [00:31:52.200]This is a picture of me
- [00:31:54.150]testifying before Congress,
- [00:31:55.920]with my parents right behind me,
- [00:31:58.607]one of the most surreal moments of my life
- [00:32:01.470]because I was advocating not only
- [00:32:03.750]for my family, their relatives, my hometown,
- [00:32:07.620]but for Nebraskans as a whole.
- [00:32:10.450]In 2022, the select subcommittee
- [00:32:12.360]published a report outlining the extent
- [00:32:14.460]the meatpacking industry took to advance
- [00:32:16.740]their profits, at the cost
- [00:32:18.540]of meatpacking workers' lives.
- [00:32:20.220]That report is available online
- [00:32:22.560]and you can pull it up anytime.
- [00:32:25.464]But the report was essentially based on documents
- [00:32:27.330]and communications between executives
- [00:32:29.370]of the industry, lobbyists, USDA officials,
- [00:32:32.460]all to keep the plants open at any cost.
- [00:32:36.090]So that was really the pandemic chapter
- [00:32:39.690]of our advocacy.
- [00:32:43.350]Unfortunately, conditions have always been present
- [00:32:46.620]and were only exacerbated by the pandemic,
- [00:32:49.020]and continue to this day,
- [00:32:51.720]with an example taking place not too long ago,
- [00:32:54.120]which many of you have likely heard about already,
- [00:32:56.580]where the Department of Labor
- [00:32:57.720]brought a lawsuit against a meatpacking plant contractor
- [00:33:00.510]for violating child labor laws.
- [00:33:03.270]The United States Department of Labor cited PSSI.
- [00:33:06.450]It's a sanitation company that contracts
- [00:33:09.090]with a large amount of meatpacking plants
- [00:33:11.490]across the country, and they cited them
- [00:33:13.770]with a $1.5 million fine
- [00:33:16.020]for illegally hiring and putting 102 children
- [00:33:18.810]to work in dangerous jobs at meatpacking plants,
- [00:33:21.660]including some in Nebraska.
- [00:33:23.529]Actually, a large majority in Nebraska.
- [00:33:26.220]Just so you know, under the Fair Labor Standards Act,
- [00:33:30.930]companies are prohibited from hiring workers
- [00:33:33.630]18 years or younger on the slaughter area
- [00:33:37.110]or with processing equipment because
- [00:33:40.140]of the high injury risk.
- [00:33:43.320]But if you break down the $1.5 million fine
- [00:33:46.650]by 102 children, that's $15,000 per child.
- [00:33:51.090]And I just told you
- [00:33:52.290]that it's a billion-dollar industry,
- [00:33:54.270]so you can see how that's just a slap
- [00:33:56.550]on the wrist.
- [00:33:58.320]They were working overnight shifts,
- [00:33:59.910]the children, at 13 meatpacking plants
- [00:34:02.070]in eight different states,
- [00:34:03.540]cleaning machinery with harsh chemicals
- [00:34:05.550]that can cause burns,
- [00:34:06.870]and cleaning head splitters.
- [00:34:09.810]Some children were enrolled in school
- [00:34:12.450]during the day, and would work
- [00:34:14.040]during the night shift.
- [00:34:15.960]This recent example,
- [00:34:17.400]while a particularly egregious example,
- [00:34:20.100]is part of the prolonged predatory practices
- [00:34:24.420]that disproportionately harm people of color,
- [00:34:27.930]immigrants and those with limited English proficiency
- [00:34:30.390]because they can't advocate for themselves
- [00:34:33.840]as easily as someone who does not
- [00:34:35.880]fall under those categories.
- [00:34:37.950]So your question is probably why
- [00:34:41.010]are kids even working here?
- [00:34:43.050]Well, the kids, this is where we go back
- [00:34:45.870]to that immigration conversation.
- [00:34:48.690]The kids who are working here
- [00:34:50.130]without their parents
- [00:34:51.210]have fled countries just like mine,
- [00:34:54.240]with violence and poverty,
- [00:34:56.610]many of them seeking asylum
- [00:34:58.380]and other protections under the law.
- [00:34:59.970]But in the meantime, they are laboring
- [00:35:01.950]in the shadows in physically demanding jobs
- [00:35:04.920]that employers often have trouble filling.
- [00:35:07.740]These children are helping to put food
- [00:35:10.770]on their tables and clothes on their backs,
- [00:35:14.340]sometimes suffering serious injuries as a result.
- [00:35:18.720]So this is the time to call
- [00:35:21.030]for solutions, right?
- [00:35:24.390]So now I've filled all of your heads
- [00:35:26.310]with a lot of negativity, but I do think
- [00:35:29.700]there are solutions,
- [00:35:30.533]and I do think working together,
- [00:35:32.430]we can get those.
- [00:35:34.470]So let's talk about this.
- [00:35:36.960]I broke it down by state level
- [00:35:38.490]and federal level.
- [00:35:41.190]So at the state level, right now,
- [00:35:43.650]Senator Tony Vargas introduced a bill,
- [00:35:47.520]LB405, which is currently pending
- [00:35:50.040]before the Nebraska Legislature.
- [00:35:51.840]And that's essentially to make
- [00:35:53.550]the Meatpacking Bill of Rights coordinator
- [00:35:55.230]that I mentioned earlier,
- [00:35:56.370]just to make them from a part time to full time.
- [00:35:58.800]Let me give you a little backstory on that,
- [00:36:00.360]because it cracks me up sometimes.
- [00:36:04.260]Essentially, we have
- [00:36:06.000]a Meatpacking Bill of Rights coordinator
- [00:36:08.400]that is meant to hold
- [00:36:10.920]our meatpacking plants accountable
- [00:36:13.350]to our Bill of Rights,
- [00:36:14.790]which one of them is to provide
- [00:36:16.920]a safe work environment for meatpacking workers.
- [00:36:20.088]And during COVID,
- [00:36:23.040]when you would think
- [00:36:25.980]this would be her job,
- [00:36:28.710]the Department of Labor instead assigned her
- [00:36:31.050]to do unemployment processing of documents
- [00:36:35.970]for over 75% of her time,
- [00:36:39.300]while people were dying in meatpacking plants.
- [00:36:44.130]So fast-forward, Senator Vargas
- [00:36:45.900]obviously saw this issue and wanted to make
- [00:36:48.543]just a tiny change, which is just making,
- [00:36:52.410]turning that part-time
- [00:36:54.060]Meatpacking Bill of Rights coordinator
- [00:36:55.260]to a full time.
- [00:36:56.370]I testified in favor of this bill,
- [00:36:59.790]and guess who was in opposition?
- [00:37:02.730]The Department of Labor.
- [00:37:04.590]They said
- [00:37:07.290]there is insufficient work
- [00:37:09.300]for a full-time
- [00:37:10.590]Meatpacking Bill of Rights coordinator in Nebraska.
- [00:37:14.220]And I hope that you gathered,
- [00:37:15.510]after everything I said today,
- [00:37:17.730]that there's more than enough work
- [00:37:20.190]for a Meatpacking Bill of Rights coordinator.
- [00:37:22.500]So please contact your senator
- [00:37:24.630]and encourage them to pass LB405.
- [00:37:29.070]Now, moving to the federal level,
- [00:37:31.260]I think I can't end this conversation
- [00:37:34.140]without telling you that we need
- [00:37:35.460]an earned path for citizenship for immigrants.
- [00:37:38.730]There is, as we all know,
- [00:37:40.530]a profound shortage of workers.
- [00:37:42.480]The nation has over 10 million job openings,
- [00:37:45.900]but only 5.7 million unemployed workers.
- [00:37:50.670]Immigration restrictions are a strain
- [00:37:52.710]on the American economy.
- [00:37:55.200]Despite broad partisan consensus
- [00:37:57.660]on the importance of citizenship,
- [00:37:59.760]of immigration,
- [00:38:02.160]Congress has struggled for more than two decades
- [00:38:04.440]to pass any kind of immigration reform.
- [00:38:08.250]And there are now more than 11 million
- [00:38:10.470]undocumented immigrants in the country,
- [00:38:12.270]and that number continues to grow.
- [00:38:14.850]Many have lived in this country,
- [00:38:16.740]like my parents, for decades,
- [00:38:18.660]paying billions in federal, state
- [00:38:20.550]and local taxes.
- [00:38:21.930]The absence of a path to legal status
- [00:38:24.120]has created an American underclass,
- [00:38:26.820]people relegated to a lifetime
- [00:38:28.680]of disadvantage and vulnerability
- [00:38:31.110]to exploitation, including by employers.
- [00:38:34.560]So another call to action
- [00:38:38.070]is to contact your congressional representatives
- [00:38:41.070]to support immigration reform.
- [00:38:44.370]Next, there are two bills
- [00:38:46.170]that are pending before Congress,
- [00:38:48.990]both introduced by Senator Cory Booker,
- [00:38:51.120]the Industrial Agricultural Accountability Act
- [00:38:53.580]and the Child Labor Exploitation Accountability Act.
- [00:38:57.660]The first one is an act which would require
- [00:39:00.480]meatpacking companies, among others,
- [00:39:02.190]to plan for and pay toward disaster response
- [00:39:07.009]and line speed increases
- [00:39:10.350]because many meatpacking plants, to this day,
- [00:39:12.510]are still trying to increase their line speeds.
- [00:39:15.600]And then the other bill is more targeted
- [00:39:17.430]to the child labor situation that I just described.
- [00:39:21.660]And then, lastly, on a personal level,
- [00:39:26.100]I respectfully request
- [00:39:28.590]that you reflect on the people
- [00:39:30.030]that make your food,
- [00:39:33.360]the piece of meat you are cooking,
- [00:39:35.460]the piece of meat that you're grilling.
- [00:39:37.080]If you don't eat meat,
- [00:39:38.040]the vegetables that you buy at the grocery store.
- [00:39:41.070]And if you can't put a face to that person,
- [00:39:44.910]then I'll show you mine.
- [00:39:48.000]My parents here,
- [00:39:49.410]two immigrants from Guatemala
- [00:39:52.034]with an unmatched work ethic
- [00:39:54.180]that led them to successfully raise
- [00:39:56.070]their five children on meatpacking wages,
- [00:39:59.190]all contributing to this country,
- [00:40:01.230]one way or another.
- [00:40:02.640]And I can't end a presentation without bragging
- [00:40:04.770]about my family because
- [00:40:07.050]I do think it's incredible
- [00:40:08.790]to see where we came from and to where we are.
- [00:40:12.180]My little brother graduated from Columbia University,
- [00:40:15.660]is now a psychologist.
- [00:40:18.000]My other brother owns a successful restaurant.
- [00:40:21.360]My other brother is a project manager
- [00:40:23.730]that builds some of the biggest hospitals in Nebraska.
- [00:40:28.230]My sister owns a nonprofit organization
- [00:40:30.660]that does media, and then I'm an attorney.
- [00:40:34.680]But what we have in common
- [00:40:35.700]is we have two parents that endured everything
- [00:40:40.434]that I heard about meatpacking plants,
- [00:40:41.640]that you have heard today,
- [00:40:43.320]for the love of their family.
- [00:40:47.760]So with that,
- [00:40:49.800]I ask you to just keep that in mind.
- [00:40:52.200]Keep that picture in mind
- [00:40:54.750]whenever you see food.
- [00:40:56.910]Thank you.
- [00:40:58.027](audience applauds)
- [00:41:11.934]We have time for about 10 minutes of questions.
- [00:41:15.234]If anybody has a question, then, please,
- [00:41:16.770]if you do go to the mic so everyone can hear you.
- [00:41:20.247]You probably couldn't hear me say that.
- [00:41:22.294](audience laughs)
- [00:41:26.280]Thank you, Rose.
- [00:41:27.113]That was just incredible.
- [00:41:30.886](speaks faintly)
- [00:41:31.978]Who owns
- [00:41:33.271]the meatpacking companies these days?
- [00:41:38.751]So the question is,
- [00:41:39.738]who owns meatpacking companies these days?
- [00:41:41.983]I actually have a statistic on that,
- [00:41:43.530]and I skipped it for sake of time,
- [00:41:46.050]but it is a conglomerate
- [00:41:50.220]of companies,
- [00:41:53.550]and it's a very limited amount.
- [00:41:55.860]I'll try to find it, if I can,
- [00:41:57.390]but it's four or five companies
- [00:42:00.360]that own 85%
- [00:42:03.540]of the entire industry.
- [00:42:06.000]So not a lot of them are small,
- [00:42:09.090]locally owned meatpacking plants.
- [00:42:25.440]There is also
- [00:42:27.412]a developing line of meat,
- [00:42:30.600]of grass-fed beef,
- [00:42:34.860]free-roaming chickens.
- [00:42:41.112]That meat is sold at higher prices
- [00:42:42.540]and often in select
- [00:42:45.660](indistinct) stores.
- [00:42:47.220]Do you know if that meat is slaughtered,
- [00:42:50.940]slaughtered differently?
- [00:42:52.410]Slaughtered at different kinds of plants
- [00:42:56.010]or same plants?
- [00:42:59.910]Basically, they have the same conditions
- [00:43:02.430]as these other meatpacking plants?
- [00:43:05.820]I can't tell you with specificity,
- [00:43:07.710]but I do know the meatpacking plant
- [00:43:09.570]that we sued was allegedly one
- [00:43:12.870]of those meatpacking plants that it was supposed
- [00:43:15.090]to slaughter cows in a certain way.
- [00:43:18.390]And those conditions were one of the worst
- [00:43:22.957]across the entire state.
- [00:43:24.702]So unfortunately, the laws and regulations
- [00:43:26.430]are just nonexistent.
- [00:43:29.100]And that's why that issue,
- [00:43:30.960]regardless of how the meat is raised,
- [00:43:35.449]how the cattle is raised
- [00:43:36.900]or the meat is slaughtered,
- [00:43:38.130]the conditions are pretty similar
- [00:43:40.320]across the board.
- [00:43:43.830]Hi, my name is Jill Koble,
- [00:43:45.390]and I actually live on a ranch
- [00:43:47.010]in Cherry County, so directly impacted.
- [00:43:51.210]And I guess while I sit here,
- [00:43:52.680]I listen to it and it brings more humanity,
- [00:43:54.810]sort of, to our livelihood.
- [00:43:57.840]And I just wondered,
- [00:43:59.010]have you ever engaged producers directly
- [00:44:03.270]to get more movement on the Meatpacker Bill of Rights
- [00:44:06.870]and set up just at the policy level?
- [00:44:09.720]Sometimes because
- [00:44:13.530]at the base level, we work so hard,
- [00:44:16.186]so we sort of respect that hard work more.
- [00:44:18.480]And I think that like maybe
- [00:44:19.680]if you mobilize that group.
- [00:44:21.030]And I just wondered if that's ever
- [00:44:22.290]been something you considered?
- [00:44:25.253]I know, and Darcy here
- [00:44:27.060]may be able to answer that better than I,
- [00:44:29.490]but I know they have been consulted, to some extent.
- [00:44:32.970]I don't know how much and how deep.
- [00:44:36.360]It's a great point.
- [00:44:38.370]Together, with those and others,
- [00:44:40.183]we've worked with the Farmers Union of Nebraska.
- [00:44:42.871](speaks faintly) Microphone.
- [00:44:44.274]Oh, sorry. (laughs)
- [00:44:50.910]It's a great point, and to your point,
- [00:44:53.130]that we hear from farmer producers
- [00:44:56.100]the same issues with the same plants.
- [00:44:58.770]So the plants during COVID,
- [00:45:01.794]and then other times, have said,
- [00:45:03.480]you know, "But don't you want food?"
- [00:45:05.864]And, "This is for the farmers." (laughs)
- [00:45:07.071]And Farmers Union in Nebraska said,
- [00:45:08.347]"Oh, no, no, no, no. (laughs)
- [00:45:09.757]"They've been squeezing the farmer producers
- [00:45:11.767]"for years and years."
- [00:45:12.900]So they squeezed the farmers on one side
- [00:45:15.270]and the workers on the other,
- [00:45:16.590]and then export the profits from the state.
- [00:45:18.960]So farmer producers have been a really strong ally
- [00:45:22.140]in some of the COVID work at the state capitol
- [00:45:24.780]and for meatpacking safety.
- [00:45:27.300]There's just a lot more to do.
- [00:45:28.971]But you're right, it's sort of a natural
- [00:45:31.290]because I think that that's a group
- [00:45:33.240]that has also experienced a lot
- [00:45:35.040]of the same unfair pressures and practices
- [00:45:38.490]from the same group of corporations.
- [00:45:42.300]Thank you, Darcy.
- [00:45:43.133]And that's Darcy Tromanhauser, a great,
- [00:45:45.180]amazing partner at Nebraska Appleseed.
- [00:45:53.100]Yeah?
- [00:45:56.160]Is there an antitrust group
- [00:45:58.350]that could be pursued
- [00:46:00.030]if they're, 85%
- [00:46:02.870]of the industry is owned by just a few companies?
- [00:46:06.840]That's an interesting question
- [00:46:08.280]and something I did run across
- [00:46:10.492]in my policy research.
- [00:46:12.480]I think they are looking into it,
- [00:46:14.130]at least at the federal level.
- [00:46:16.500]For now, all we know is that Senator Cory Booker
- [00:46:20.130]has those two pieces of legislation,
- [00:46:21.720]but he's very interested
- [00:46:23.070]in the meatpacking industry as a whole.
- [00:46:25.020]So I would strongly encourage fishing, not fishing,
- [00:46:28.527]but prompting that to the senators.
- [00:46:38.580]All right.
- [00:46:40.650]Well, thank you so much for having me.
- [00:46:43.366]Thank you. (audience applauds)
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