Planting Green In Soybeans

Amit Jhala Author

07/01/2022 Added

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[00:00:01.609](soft bright music)
[00:00:06.030]Good afternoon, my name is Trey Stephens,
[00:00:08.250]and this year we were able to replicate similar projects
[00:00:11.550]to last year, which were the planting green
[00:00:13.410]and corn and soybeans.
[00:00:15.240]For this video, we're gonna focus
[00:00:16.410]on the soybean project.
[00:00:18.690]And the big takeaway this year
[00:00:20.520]and difference from last year is
[00:00:22.710]that we had a hail event come through June 7th.
[00:00:25.928](wind blowing)
[00:00:26.761]That was a day after we had sprayed early posts.
[00:00:29.190]And the results
[00:00:30.540]that we saw were actually pretty interesting.
[00:00:32.790]If we look here at this plot,
[00:00:35.040]we see that these beans are a lot shorter
[00:00:37.830]than probably the beans around the region.
[00:00:40.140]They're probably pushing V3 in some stages
[00:00:44.070]and maybe V4 on some of the healthier plants
[00:00:46.410]but you can just see this drop
[00:00:48.060]in vigor and even some stand reduction.
[00:00:51.180]But this was a free-standing plot
[00:00:55.140]where there was no rye and it was just clean.
[00:00:57.750]So what you might see
[00:00:58.583]in a producer's field that doesn't use planting green.
[00:01:01.200]Now I wanna transition
[00:01:03.142]into a plot that was sprayed with pre-emergence only
[00:01:04.380]but the rye was terminated two weeks after planting.
[00:01:07.140]So this is that planting green scenario.
[00:01:09.420]You can see some of these soybeans are pretty healthy.
[00:01:12.750]You're looking at, you know, five trifoliates,
[00:01:15.750]so we're pushing V5, some of 'em look even healthier,
[00:01:18.330]maybe V6, but you see that this standing residue
[00:01:22.530]from this terminated cover crop gave some protection
[00:01:25.290]from the hail and is allowing these beans
[00:01:27.870]to actually grow and out-compete some
[00:01:30.420]of the weeds and, you know kind of catch up
[00:01:33.420]to the pace of where other beans are in the region.
[00:01:35.760]And so I just think that's a good take-home message
[00:01:38.160]from this year, specifically with the hail.
[00:01:40.110]And we can transition into looking
[00:01:41.850]at the video from last year, from this exact project.
[00:01:47.036]Planting green soybeans into cereal rye.
[00:01:50.190]And so what that looks like
[00:01:52.633]is there's still an actively growing cereal rye cover crop
[00:01:54.930]and we plant the soybeans directly into it.
[00:01:57.420]So we really wanna look at that.
[00:01:59.010]It's kind of a new,
[00:02:00.030]relatively new way of using cover crops and row crops.
[00:02:04.320]And it's a project that we really wanted
[00:02:06.030]to take head on this year and look at the differences.
[00:02:09.600]And so how this project is set up
[00:02:11.970]is there's two different termination timings
[00:02:13.830]of that cereal rye.
[00:02:14.940]So there's a two weeks before planting termination.
[00:02:17.970]So you'll terminate the rye
[00:02:19.320]and then you'll be planting basically
[00:02:20.700]into some residue of that rye.
[00:02:22.860]And then there's a two weeks after planting
[00:02:24.810]where you'll be planting the soybean directly
[00:02:26.580]into that actively growing cover crop.
[00:02:28.530]And then you'll terminate the rye two weeks
[00:02:30.150]after that planting.
[00:02:31.530]A couple of objectives
[00:02:32.790]and a couple goals that we really wanted to go after
[00:02:34.650]in this project were to look
[00:02:37.200]at pre-emergence herbicide interaction
[00:02:39.240]with that actively growing cover crop.
[00:02:41.250]So with that two weeks
[00:02:42.180]after planting termination of the cover crop
[00:02:44.070]we're gonna be spraying pre-emergence herbicides directly
[00:02:46.650]into cereal, actively growing cereal rye.
[00:02:48.900]And we really wanna look at that interaction.
[00:02:51.658]And then secondly, we wanna look
[00:02:52.491]at weed control with those two different termination timings
[00:02:56.160]and also three different kind of herbicide systems.
[00:02:58.590]We wanted to look at pres only, posts only
[00:03:02.640]and then a pre followed by a post system as well.
[00:03:05.190]And we wanted to look at how we could control weeds
[00:03:07.950]with the two weeks before termination timing
[00:03:10.290]and the two weeks after termination timing.
[00:03:12.330]And we also wanted to look
[00:03:13.230]at soil properties as well as looking at soybean yield,
[00:03:16.410]of course, in this project.
[00:03:18.960]Something important to note also
[00:03:20.730]is this cereal rye was planted in October,
[00:03:23.460]October 16th, I think was the exact date
[00:03:26.040]but we planted at a pretty high seeding rate.
[00:03:28.020]We planted it from 80 to 90 pounds per acre
[00:03:30.630]and we know that's probably a lot more
[00:03:31.860]than a lot of producers are due,
[00:03:33.060]but we did that, especially
[00:03:35.765]for this research because we know that we're looking
[00:03:36.840]at two different termination timings
[00:03:38.460]and we wanna make sure if we had a dry spring
[00:03:40.740]we would still have biomass to be able to compare.
[00:03:43.110]But we had a relatively wet May and the temperatures rose.
[00:03:46.830]And so it, it took off pretty well
[00:03:48.600]and we had pretty good biomass.
[00:03:50.160]And so that's just something important to note
[00:03:52.230]especially when we're looking at doing this
[00:03:54.810]on a larger scale.
[00:03:56.430]In this plot we're looking at Authority Supreme.
[00:03:59.730]It's a pre-emergence herbicide that we laid down
[00:04:02.760]and denoted here is the two weeks before planting.
[00:04:05.850]So that's where that WBP stands for,
[00:04:08.310]is weeks before planting.
[00:04:10.680]And we can see
[00:04:11.513]that the Authority Supreme gave some relatively
[00:04:14.760]good broad leaf control
[00:04:16.080]but we see the grasses have definitely broken through.
[00:04:18.720]Now, this system is no-till.
[00:04:20.130]And so there is quite a bit of residue there
[00:04:22.320]and we can see that, yeah,
[00:04:23.610]the grasses were able to break through of that pre,
[00:04:25.800]but as we move over
[00:04:27.210]we're gonna then go onto the same herbicide,
[00:04:29.850]but two weeks after planting
[00:04:31.800]is when this rye was terminated.
[00:04:33.660]And if you look in here, the grass pressure
[00:04:36.510]is not anything in comparison to that.
[00:04:39.360]There is some broad leaf still coming up.
[00:04:40.950]It's probably relatively same control of broad leafs
[00:04:44.040]but the grasses are a lot farther down
[00:04:46.140]and you can see the biomass difference
[00:04:47.910]of the rye compared here to over there.
[00:04:50.790]And so this is just a good side-by-side comparison
[00:04:53.490]to allow us to look at the same herbicide,
[00:04:56.010]but different termination timings of rye
[00:04:58.080]and how they work on weed suppression.
[00:05:01.512]In this plot here, we're looking at Zidua Pro.
[00:05:03.930]Once again, this plot is the termination
[00:05:06.470]of the rye was two weeks before planting,
[00:05:09.750]and we can see that the broadleaf control,
[00:05:12.330]it started to break a little bit.
[00:05:13.830]And we can see that there's broadleafs coming through.
[00:05:15.870]There's some good size Palmer.
[00:05:17.550]And just to mention again, there's some good residue here.
[00:05:19.860]So those pres, you know,
[00:05:21.120]have a tough time definitely getting through
[00:05:23.250]that residue, but it's it's actively working
[00:05:26.040]on the grass for sure.
[00:05:27.660]We see some good size Palmer breaking through
[00:05:31.200]and just to reiterate, this is the two weeks
[00:05:34.140]before planting termination, and we're gonna transfer
[00:05:37.230]over here to the two weeks after planting termination.
[00:05:40.710]And we see that there's actually
[00:05:43.020]some really good weed control.
[00:05:44.670]We don't see any big Palmer plants compared over there.
[00:05:47.670]And this plot's actually kind of a funny mistake.
[00:05:50.700]We didn't get to terminate the rye all completely.
[00:05:54.420]And so half of it is terminated.
[00:05:56.190]The other half is now gonna start dying
[00:05:57.870]but we see that just the good differences
[00:06:00.990]in weed control and the soybeans themselves,
[00:06:04.470]they look good in this two weeks after-planting.
[00:06:06.900]The soybeans have good vigor.
[00:06:08.490]I would say maybe they're one, one trifoliate behind
[00:06:12.475]but they're doing really well.
[00:06:13.660]They look good and healthy.
[00:06:15.030]And we just see some tremendous weed control
[00:06:17.910]from this standing cereal rye,
[00:06:20.160]that was terminated two weeks after planting.
[00:06:24.493]In this plot here, we get to see Prefix applied
[00:06:26.250]at an early post at two pints per acre.
[00:06:28.830]This plot itself was terminated
[00:06:30.680]at two weeks before planting.
[00:06:32.700]And we see that the Palmer, itself,
[00:06:34.980]has really been competing hard with the soybeans.
[00:06:38.280]So we see a lot of competition
[00:06:39.630]with the beans in this plot itself.
[00:06:42.120]And then we also have to, you know, think
[00:06:43.410]about Palmer and its seed bank edition for the next year.
[00:06:46.410]So not only is this an issue now,
[00:06:48.840]but it's also an issue
[00:06:49.860]in the future where we know Palmer can put
[00:06:52.440]on ahead at any time and really start to produce seeds.
[00:06:55.020]And so we see that there's a lot
[00:06:56.700]of competition here and you definitely want to get
[00:06:58.890]after your weeds a lot quicker than this.
[00:07:01.440]But we see that this two weeks before planting,
[00:07:04.350]there wasn't a lot of suppression of weeds.
[00:07:06.450]We have some good growth coming through
[00:07:09.030]and as we transfer into the next one,
[00:07:10.830]we'll be able to see the two weeks
[00:07:12.060]after planning termination timing,
[00:07:14.190]and here we can see some differences.
[00:07:16.470]We see that there's not as much Palmer.
[00:07:18.750]There's some poking through,
[00:07:19.890]there's a couple grasses poking through,
[00:07:21.720]but there's not the competition that you saw there.
[00:07:23.790]There's not the height that you saw there.
[00:07:25.740]And we see that the beans, once again,
[00:07:27.360]they look pretty good.
[00:07:29.580]They probably look even better
[00:07:30.810]than those because of less competition later
[00:07:34.140]in the season after that termination.
[00:07:36.060]So we just, once again, we get
[00:07:37.800]to see the cereal rye going to work,
[00:07:40.230]providing some good weed suppression,
[00:07:42.780]and also providing just some good ground cover as well.
[00:07:46.710]That's another thing that we've been seeing is the ground
[00:07:49.080]that the cereal rye has stayed on longer,
[00:07:51.510]it's been moister,
[00:07:52.380]and I'm sure that the soil temperatures
[00:07:54.960]have been a little bit cooler there as well.
[00:07:57.600]This plot is the last plot that we wanna show you.
[00:07:59.940]And it's Zidua Pro applied pre,
[00:08:02.220]and then a post following it with Xtendimax.
[00:08:05.580]And we really wanted to look
[00:08:06.810]at the two-pass program in this project,
[00:08:11.010]as well, as we know a lot
[00:08:11.970]of producers are using a program like that.
[00:08:14.640]And so once again, we see
[00:08:15.870]that there are some broadleafs that have broken
[00:08:19.638]through that pre and we just applied a late post,
[00:08:22.140]actually today, and so we'll start to see the control
[00:08:24.840]on those I'm sure pretty soon.
[00:08:26.610]But once again, we see the pres are breaking
[00:08:28.560]and we see that broadleafs are picking up as well.
[00:08:31.380]And as we saw in the one before earlier
[00:08:33.660]we saw some grasses were really coming through as well.
[00:08:38.121]And we know that Palmer and foxtail,
[00:08:42.360]they can emerge the same time as soybeans and corn.
[00:08:45.000]And so we know that it's good to get ahead of 'em.
[00:08:47.910]And as we transfer over into the last plot
[00:08:50.760]which is the one with two weeks after planting termination
[00:08:54.120]the rye's still standing here.
[00:08:55.800]We see that there's a lot better weed control.
[00:08:57.630]We do see some Palmer poke poking through here,
[00:09:00.450]but it's not to the size of that over there.
[00:09:03.000]And what we really have seen
[00:09:04.500]from this project so far in its first year,
[00:09:06.810]we've seen that the rye has been able to suppress weeds
[00:09:10.140]and it is because of that early emergence of Palmer
[00:09:13.800]and foxtail when it comes up the same time as corn,
[00:09:17.190]when it comes up at the same time as soybeans like here,
[00:09:20.171]we see that the rye that is still actively growing,
[00:09:23.400]it's being able to suppress those weeds
[00:09:26.250]and it's being able
[00:09:27.120]to work alongside the herbicide as well
[00:09:29.910]and to be able to get some good weed control.
[00:09:32.370]And so this project has been a really good way
[00:09:35.181]to put side-by-side comparison of seeing how pres work
[00:09:37.500]on those early emerging weeds,
[00:09:38.850]and then how pres plus a cover crop can definitely help
[00:09:42.000]in weed suppression as well.

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Planting Green In Soybeans

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