Planting Corn Into Rye

Amit Jhala Author

07/01/2022 Added

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[00:00:00.741](uplifting music)
[00:00:06.300]Hi, I'm Jenny Rees, Nebraska Extension educator.
[00:00:09.300]And today, I'm sharing information
[00:00:11.400]on our planting green,
[00:00:13.590]also terminating before planting corn into rye plot.
[00:00:19.500]And we're here at the UNL South Central
[00:00:21.780]Weed Management Field Day here.
[00:00:24.090]I'm presenting this for Trey Stevens,
[00:00:26.550]who is a grad student of Dr. Amit Jhala.
[00:00:30.660]So what you see behind us is rye.
[00:00:32.820]And this rye was planted November 15th
[00:00:37.050]at a rate of 85 pounds per acre.
[00:00:40.320]That's a high rate
[00:00:41.370]compared to what most of our farmers would do.
[00:00:43.260]Normally, our farmers would go
[00:00:44.460]anywhere from 20 to 50 pounds,
[00:00:46.950]but they wanted to make sure they had plenty of rye
[00:00:49.050]out here and plenty of biomass.
[00:00:50.970]And the corn that was planted out here
[00:00:53.790]was planted on May 16th.
[00:00:56.730]And in this case, the pre-plant herbicides
[00:01:00.060]that are gonna be compared here were applied on May,
[00:01:04.830]I said, it was planted May 15th.
[00:01:07.860]The pre-plant herbicides were applied May 16th.
[00:01:11.130]The early post-herbicides were applied on June 6th.
[00:01:16.200]And the late post-herbicides were applied on June 21st.
[00:01:20.700]Ultimately, the goal of this is,
[00:01:22.350]a lot of our farmers are looking at a systems approach,
[00:01:25.680]not focused just on herbicides,
[00:01:27.600]but what can cover crops do for us?
[00:01:30.660]Can they be a tool in our toolbox for weed control,
[00:01:33.570]so that we're not relying solely on the herbicide
[00:01:36.660]to do all the work for us?
[00:01:38.340]And so, in this study,
[00:01:41.520]what Trey and Amit have done here
[00:01:43.800]is they've compared different herbicide programs,
[00:01:46.710]where they've terminated this rye,
[00:01:48.990]either two weeks before planting corn
[00:01:51.240]or two weeks after planting corn,
[00:01:53.310]and then they've used the same pre-program,
[00:01:56.850]or the same post-program, or the same pre plus post-program,
[00:02:01.800]in addition to the rye that you see out here.
[00:02:04.860]So that's just some background on what this study is.
[00:02:08.400]What you see behind us, these are the untreated controls.
[00:02:11.250]So you can see, there is a lot of biomass out here
[00:02:14.430]when you don't control the rye.
[00:02:16.110]For our organic guys, they would've normally
[00:02:19.890]either tiled this under as a green manure crop,
[00:02:23.040]or they would've roller crimped it.
[00:02:25.200]We have other guys who aren't organic
[00:02:26.970]that are also trying to roller crimp rye,
[00:02:29.460]but when you leave the rye
[00:02:30.870]and you try and plant corn into it,
[00:02:35.010]what you see is there's just way too much competition,
[00:02:37.980]and you can barely find the corn plants in this field.
[00:02:41.160]So this is obviously what we wouldn't want
[00:02:44.280]in this situation, but it just gives you an idea
[00:02:46.650]of how much rye biomass was out here.
[00:02:49.440]Okay, so in comparison to having the rye,
[00:02:52.530]there's also just plots,
[00:02:54.840]these plots out here are the weed and the rye free control.
[00:02:57.930]So this is what the producer could anticipate
[00:03:01.380]if they didn't have rye in the system.
[00:03:03.150]And if they were using a full pre plus post,
[00:03:06.420]and a late post-program.
[00:03:09.210]The thing that has happened out here though,
[00:03:12.180]is we had a dry fall, winter, and spring.
[00:03:16.890]These are supposed to be irrigated,
[00:03:18.780]but the pivot hasn't ever been run on these
[00:03:22.950]because there was no pivot available for this.
[00:03:26.550]And so, really, what we're looking at
[00:03:28.710]is for our pre-applied herbicides, in this case,
[00:03:31.950]they never had rain till 10 days later.
[00:03:34.680]So they really never got activated.
[00:03:36.420]We'd like to see pres get activated five to seven days
[00:03:40.620]with at least half an inch after being applied,
[00:03:43.230]half an inch of rain.
[00:03:44.700]And that just didn't happen out here.
[00:03:46.260]So, as we walked through this today in the Field Day,
[00:03:49.620]we talked about that,
[00:03:51.240]thinking about this as a non-irrigated field
[00:03:54.570]and the challenges in those situations.
[00:03:59.220]So here, you do see some Palmer amaranth,
[00:04:03.120]in this case, that are coming through.
[00:04:07.530]And this late post was applied a week ago today.
[00:04:11.070]So the late post was DiFlexx DUO.
[00:04:13.320]You can see the bleaching occurring,
[00:04:15.690]as well as the kinking from the dicamba part.
[00:04:20.790]So this is just one example
[00:04:22.530]of where we basically kept the same herbicide program.
[00:04:27.570]In this case, it was terminated two weeks before planting,
[00:04:31.680]you can see here, and in this case,
[00:04:33.600]there was no pre applied.
[00:04:36.840]It was just Harness Max at 2.5 quartz as an early post.
[00:04:41.100]You can see here, it's pretty clean.
[00:04:42.930]There is some rye.
[00:04:44.070]What happened is because we had a dry spring,
[00:04:47.040]we had some rye that basically emerged this spring later,
[00:04:51.120]after that early post.
[00:04:53.010]The early post was applied on June 6th.
[00:04:56.220]We had a hailstorm come through this area, June 7th.
[00:04:59.610]Between June 6th and June 8th,
[00:05:01.440]1.2 inches between those three days fell.
[00:05:04.860]So there was enough rainfall to activate the early posts.
[00:05:08.490]So out here, the plots in the early post
[00:05:10.920]look really good, barring the hail damage
[00:05:15.390]that occurred out here as well.
[00:05:17.400]So this is two weeks before planting.
[00:05:19.800]You can see, there's a little bit of Palmer.
[00:05:21.900]Not too bad though.
[00:05:23.310]And then I'll compare it over here to
[00:05:28.380]the two weeks after planting.
[00:05:30.210]You can see all that rye biomass out there.
[00:05:32.970]And really, this is a very clean plot as well.
[00:05:35.850]And so, ultimately,
[00:05:37.290]that's what we were trying to show out here,
[00:05:39.150]is that this is what a lot of guys are trying to do
[00:05:42.870]when they're incorporating a small grain in their system
[00:05:45.630]is to just try and, again,
[00:05:49.290]offset the cost of that seeding cost of the rye
[00:05:52.467]and the application cost of drilling it,
[00:05:54.570]or however they're putting it in the ground
[00:05:56.760]with offsetting it with their burn down
[00:06:00.000]or their pre-application, trying to get by
[00:06:01.920]with just a post-application, early or late.

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Planting Corn Into Rye

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