Amyloid Precursor Protein Production and Zika Virus
Brynn Boes
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07/28/2021
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Amylase Protein Production and Zika Virus
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- [00:00:01.710]Hello, my name is Brynn bass, and this summer I've been working under Dr. Lewin,
- [00:00:05.970]Shawn. Um,
- [00:00:07.350]and today I will be presenting my presentation entitled amyloid
- [00:00:11.850]precursor, protein production, and Zika virus. So,
- [00:00:16.770]first of all, I'm going to give a bit of an introduction to the Zika virus. Um,
- [00:00:21.330]the Zika virus is a flavor of virus and is thus related to all other flavor
- [00:00:26.320]viruses, such as the dang gay and the west Nile virus. Um,
- [00:00:31.470]the Zika virus is typically transmitted via ATUs mosquito. However,
- [00:00:36.030]it can also be transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion,
- [00:00:39.510]and from mother to fetus. Um,
- [00:00:41.640]only about 20% of infected individuals show symptoms. Um, however,
- [00:00:46.320]when the virus is transmitted from mother to fetus, um,
- [00:00:50.940]it can affect the fetus's neural progenitor cells and their neural stem cells,
- [00:00:55.950]which can lead to cause microcephaly microcephaly is a neuro-development
- [00:01:00.840]neurodevelopmental disorder that causes reduction in brain size.
- [00:01:04.590]And this also leads to intellectual disability.
- [00:01:08.160]There is currently no treatment or vaccine for it. Does he get virus
- [00:01:14.120]next?
- [00:01:14.540]I'm going to give an introduction to amyloid precursor protein or otherwise
- [00:01:18.920]known as app. Um,
- [00:01:21.140]app is a transmembrane protein found in brains.
- [00:01:24.830]It is once it is used up, it is metabolized into smaller proteins,
- [00:01:29.060]such as amyloid B by B secretaries.
- [00:01:31.730]One also known as base one and gamma secretase, um,
- [00:01:36.200]clumps of amyloid beat form plaques on the brains of individuals with
- [00:01:40.130]Alzheimer's disease.
- [00:01:41.300]And it is believed though not proven to be a cause of the disease.
- [00:01:46.250]Um,
- [00:01:47.030]there have been structural similarities found between base one and the
- [00:01:51.740]protein in Zika virus.
- [00:01:53.930]And this makes Zika virus a potential candidate to bind to
- [00:01:58.460]app because of its structural similarities. Um, with B one
- [00:02:05.630]next,
- [00:02:06.020]I'm going to talk about app and the Zika virus as they relate to one
- [00:02:10.670]another. Um,
- [00:02:12.380]when Zika virus and app are bound together, uh,
- [00:02:16.460]protein stability of app increases.
- [00:02:19.490]This also causes an increase of app production as a whole.
- [00:02:24.350]Um,
- [00:02:25.460]and app is beneficial to the cell because it acts as a decoy
- [00:02:29.840]receptor for Zika virus. So while on the surface of the cell,
- [00:02:34.940]um, app interacts with the virus,
- [00:02:37.760]which prevents the virus from actually reaching the inside of the cell where it
- [00:02:41.480]can replicate and further infect, um, the victim,
- [00:02:46.280]if sufficient app is not present on the surface of the
- [00:02:50.960]cell and the virus is able to invade the cell app levels will
- [00:02:55.370]decrease. And this has been the main focus of our study, this,
- [00:03:01.410]so our methods of testing this out, um,
- [00:03:06.060]all present next, uh, we started off our, um,
- [00:03:11.970]process with incubating, um, mouse cells with the Zika virus,
- [00:03:16.950]um, and varying amounts.
- [00:03:19.230]And then after the incubation period,
- [00:03:22.230]we use the Western blot technique to analyze the
- [00:03:27.090]prevalence of app in that certain sample. Um,
- [00:03:31.050]for those unfamiliar,
- [00:03:33.750]with the Western blot technique,
- [00:03:36.510]it is a technique in which a gel is utilized, um,
- [00:03:41.310]in a gel electrophoresis method to
- [00:03:45.750]analyze the molecular weight of proteins in the sample,
- [00:03:50.430]thus analyzing the abundance of a certain protein. Um,
- [00:03:56.370]so we were able to analyze the prevalence of app after,
- [00:04:01.500]um, it is, it was exposed to a certain amount of Zika virus. Um,
- [00:04:06.750]this is an example of some results from this procedure. So as you can see,
- [00:04:11.640]especially between the B3 and the before lanes,
- [00:04:15.150]the app level is drastically increased. Um,
- [00:04:20.190]if you look down at the bottom band where it's his tubulin, um,
- [00:04:25.050]since those are relatively the same,
- [00:04:27.840]we can infer that there is much more app in the before sample than there
- [00:04:32.520]is in the beat.
- [00:04:36.510]So our results, um,
- [00:04:39.660]we know that we have known from previous studies that the introduction of Zika
- [00:04:43.890]virus to a cell causes the app to increase because it acts as a
- [00:04:48.720][inaudible] receptor to block the virus from entering the cell altogether.
- [00:04:53.490]Um,
- [00:04:54.690]and we were able to find that one seek a virus has reached the inside of the
- [00:04:59.550]cell app level decreases. Um,
- [00:05:02.730]this is because it is no longer a viable option to stop the spread of the virus
- [00:05:07.260]once it has reached the inside of the cell.
- [00:05:12.360]So here are my acknowledgements
- [00:05:16.770]and here are the references use.
- [00:05:21.060]And thank you for watching my presentation.
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