The Breeding of Novel Colored and High Protein Quality Popcorn and Sweet Corn Varieties
Cleopatra Babor
Author
07/27/2021
Added
40
Plays
Description
This research involved three goals: 1) To breed varieties of high lysine sweet corn that contain the opaque-2 allele mutation, 2) to breed colorful varieties of sweet corn that are aesthetic and high in antioxidants; and 3) to introgress quality protein maize (modified o2) varieties into colorful popcorn varieties to make varieties of quality protein popcorn that are both high in lysine and antioxidants with a variety of tastes and textures while being aesthetically pleasing. For this study, crossbreeding and visual kernel assortment was used to select for desired phenotypic traits.
Searchable Transcript
Toggle between list and paragraph view.
- [00:00:01.460]Hi everyone.
- [00:00:02.720]My name is Cleopatra Babor,
- [00:00:04.390]and I'm a plant biology student here at
- [00:00:07.160]the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
- [00:00:10.210]I am working with Dr. David Holding
- [00:00:11.847]on the breeding of novel colored
- [00:00:14.010]and high protein quality popcorn and sweet corn varieties.
- [00:00:17.182]This project is branching off of previous research done
- [00:00:20.514]that has successfully introgressed the opaque-2 mutation
- [00:00:23.420]into different popcorn varieties
- [00:00:25.270]without losing popability and texture
- [00:00:27.300]of the popcorn kernels.
- [00:00:29.620]This project was started by Caleb Wehrbein
- [00:00:32.206]during the summer of 2020,
- [00:00:33.764]with support and funding from UCare.
- [00:00:36.557]This project is working on three goals.
- [00:00:39.410]The first is to breed varieties of high lysine sweet corn
- [00:00:42.857]that have the opaque-2 mutation.
- [00:00:45.203]The second is to breed colorful varieties
- [00:00:47.640]of sweet corn that are high in antioxidants
- [00:00:49.940]and visually aesthetic.
- [00:00:51.860]And the third is to introgress
- [00:00:53.720]quality protein maize varieties
- [00:00:55.269]into colorful popcorn varieties
- [00:00:57.430]to make quality protein popcorn
- [00:00:58.739]that are both high in lysine and antioxidants.
- [00:01:03.150]This project utilized three different categories
- [00:01:05.457]of characteristics found in corn.
- [00:01:08.780]The first being sweetcorn
- [00:01:10.730]with the sugary one and or shrunken 2 mutation.
- [00:01:14.940]This mutation decreases the rate in which sugar
- [00:01:17.380]is converted into starch in the endo sperm.
- [00:01:20.840]This is making the kernel sweet to eat
- [00:01:22.580]20 to 25 days after pollination.
- [00:01:26.530]The second is quality protein maize, also known as QPM.
- [00:01:31.600]These are dent corn varieties
- [00:01:33.330]that contain the opaque-2 mutation,
- [00:01:35.480]which decreases the amount of alphazans
- [00:01:37.500]found in the endosperm of the kernel.
- [00:01:39.920]This in turn increases the amount of beneficial amino acids,
- [00:01:43.134]such as tryptophan, found in the endo sperm.
- [00:01:46.730]The third is the use of colorful corn varieties,
- [00:01:49.940]such as popcorn, dent corn and Flint corn
- [00:01:52.910]that contain intense colors due to the anthocyanins
- [00:01:56.510]and carotenoids found in the pericarp of the kernel.
- [00:01:59.900]These anthocyanins and carotenoids have been found
- [00:02:02.534]to contain antioxidants and anti-microbial benefits.
- [00:02:08.040]This project is utilizing public popcorn, sweetcorn,
- [00:02:11.970]dent corn, and Flint corn varieties for breeding purposes.
- [00:02:16.700]How it all began.
- [00:02:17.722]The parent lines were planted during the summer of 2020,
- [00:02:20.951]and the crosses were done during the month of July
- [00:02:23.950]to get the F1 offspring.
- [00:02:26.240]To prevent cross-contaminations from other parent lines,
- [00:02:29.720]we capped the tassels and silks
- [00:02:31.549]with waterproof paper bags for control pollination.
- [00:02:35.860]And when the tassels were releasing pollen,
- [00:02:38.355]we collected the pollen and hand pollinated the silks
- [00:02:41.039]in the field.
- [00:02:43.610]Later, when the F-two cobs were harvested and dried,
- [00:02:47.520]we selected the F-two kernels
- [00:02:49.710]based on the way they were segregating,
- [00:02:51.900]depending on the crosses.
- [00:02:55.080]The three cross categories were sweetcorn by color,
- [00:02:58.490]sweetcorn QPM and QPM by color.
- [00:03:03.670]For the sweet corn by QPM crosses,
- [00:03:05.541]we select a kernel segregating
- [00:03:07.347]for the sweet corn shrunken phenotype
- [00:03:11.183]and a relative opaque endosperm center
- [00:03:15.120]that can be seen with a light box.
- [00:03:17.838]This can also be confirmed with DNA analysis.
- [00:03:22.560]In the examples I have,
- [00:03:24.062]I have pointed out three examples of kernels
- [00:03:27.090]that are yellow with either the sweetcorn phenotype
- [00:03:30.260]and is vitreous,
- [00:03:31.722]another with the sweetcorn phenotype with an opaque center,
- [00:03:35.960]and another kernel with the, that is opaque,
- [00:03:39.240]but is not segregating for the sweetcorn phenotype.
- [00:03:42.567]For the QPM by color crosses,
- [00:03:47.010]we selected kernels for their color.
- [00:03:49.750]In the examples I give,
- [00:03:50.994]the cobs contain a variety of colors,
- [00:03:54.280]which is what we're looking for.
- [00:03:55.830]But since we can not see
- [00:03:57.450]due to the intensities of the color,
- [00:03:59.540]the presence of the opaque-2 mutation
- [00:04:01.218]with an opaque endosperm,
- [00:04:03.496]we have to do DNA analysis to confirm
- [00:04:06.890]the opaque-2 mutations presence.
- [00:04:10.047]For the sweetcorn by color categories,
- [00:04:12.860]we selected kernels segregating for
- [00:04:14.640]the sweetcorn shrunken phenotype and color.
- [00:04:18.420]In the examples you see,
- [00:04:19.880]there are kernels showing for the sweetcorn phenotype
- [00:04:23.420]with a variety of colors,
- [00:04:25.010]which is exactly what we're looking for
- [00:04:27.000]to have a variety of offspring for the F three crosses.
- [00:04:33.642]The selection that we did during the spring of 2021
- [00:04:39.690]were planted in the field during the summer of 2021.
- [00:04:43.800]This will give us our F three cobs and our F three kernels.
- [00:04:48.190]This, during the summer,
- [00:04:50.040]this project has collected over 1000 samples
- [00:04:53.050]from the F two seedlings during the month of July.
- [00:04:55.940]These samples will be run through
- [00:04:57.340]a Biosprint 96 workstation to extract the DNA.
- [00:05:01.610]This DNA will then run through a polymerase chain reaction,
- [00:05:05.070]also known as a PCR protocol,
- [00:05:07.800]with the U of the UMC 1 0 6 6
- [00:05:10.190]with forward and reverse primer,
- [00:05:12.130]that shows the polymorphic bands
- [00:05:14.070]between the opaque-2 mutation
- [00:05:15.900]and the wild type opaque-2 allele.
- [00:05:18.890]This will help us determine which offspring
- [00:05:21.820]and which kernels have the opaque-2 mutation
- [00:05:24.997]and help us determine future crosses
- [00:05:27.136]for the next growing season.
- [00:05:31.770]We will also be doing zien and non-zien protein extractions.
- [00:05:36.780]This will help us determine the ratio
- [00:05:38.660]of zien and non-zien proteins in the QPM crosses,
- [00:05:42.408]and help us further make decision on future crosses
- [00:05:46.760]in the F 3 offspring.
- [00:05:50.420]I would like to thank,
- [00:05:52.270]Caleb Wehrbein, Johnathan Niyorukundo,
- [00:05:55.460]Christian Elowsky, and David Holding
- [00:05:57.620]for supporting and offering advice and,
- [00:06:04.350]on this project and allowing me to gain experience
- [00:06:08.350]in the field and in the lab.
- [00:06:10.410]I would also like to thank the UNL McNair Scholars Program
- [00:06:14.033]for funding my summer 2021 research,
- [00:06:17.110]as well as UCARE,
- [00:06:18.120]for funding my future 2021-2022 academic year research.
- [00:06:23.084]Thank you.
The screen size you are trying to search captions on is too small!
You can always jump over to MediaHub and check it out there.
Log in to post comments
Embed
Copy the following code into your page
HTML
<!-- To force a 16x9 aspect ratio use 'padding-top: 56.25%;' instead of 'padding-top: 75%;' --> <div style="padding-top: 75%; overflow: hidden; position:relative; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1;"> <iframe style="bottom: 0; left: 0; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; border: 0; height: 100%; width: 100%;" src="https://mediahub.unl.edu/media/17402?format=iframe&autoplay=0" title="Video Player: The Breeding of Novel Colored and High Protein Quality Popcorn and Sweet Corn Varieties" allowfullscreen ></iframe> </div>
Comments
0 Comments