The Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Growth Rate of Radish Microgreens

Ema Shaker Author

04/09/2021 Added

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Over the past years, we can observe the rapid development of science, and with this rapid evolution, we can also notice an increase in toxins levels in the water and soil in which plants grow. This project aims to reveal the level of Cerium oxide nanoparticles that microgreens can absorb through the roots in a hydroponic environment.

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[00:00:02.060]Hello everyone, my name is Ema Shaker.
[00:00:04.650]I'm a senior at the University of Lincoln, Nebraska.
[00:00:08.290]I will be graduating this May
[00:00:10.440]with a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry,
[00:00:12.520]a Minor in Biochem and Math.
[00:00:15.620]Today I'll be discussing my UCARE project
[00:00:18.010]for the year 2021.
[00:00:20.060]I was able to study the effect of cerium oxide nanoparticle
[00:00:24.240]on the growth rate of radish microgreens.
[00:00:33.310]So a small preview on what microgreens are.
[00:00:37.620]They are small, green edible plants
[00:00:40.180]that are harvested in their early stages of growth.
[00:00:43.970]They are typically harvested
[00:00:45.670]within the first stage of leaves
[00:00:49.490]before the appearance of the true leaves of the plant.
[00:00:53.700]Those small plants are typically harvested
[00:00:56.720]within 10 to 18 days.
[00:00:59.320]That's the range of how fast microgreens typically grow.
[00:01:03.330]Over the past few years,
[00:01:05.040]we are able to observe the rapid development
[00:01:07.580]in the scientific field.
[00:01:09.580]With this rapid evolution,
[00:01:11.470]we are also able to notice the increase in toxins
[00:01:15.760]in both our water and our soil.
[00:01:20.800]For this project,
[00:01:22.140]I aim to reveal the level of cerium oxide nanoparticles
[00:01:26.520]that the microgreens are able to absorb through their roots
[00:01:31.090]into the rest of the plants using a hydroponic environment.
[00:01:36.090]For this project,
[00:01:37.380]I decided to choose radish microgreens
[00:01:40.730]because they typically take 12 total days
[00:01:44.480]to be ready to harvested and tested.
[00:01:49.390]My objectives for this project is to understand
[00:01:54.210]the influence of different concentration
[00:01:57.570]of growth media considering variants concentration
[00:02:00.730]of cerium oxide nanoparticles.
[00:02:03.490]It also aims to understand which part
[00:02:06.380]of the microgreen is most affected
[00:02:09.450]by the cerium oxide nanoparticles.
[00:02:13.990]By using different concentration
[00:02:16.040]of cerium oxide nanoparticle overresults
[00:02:19.640]in different effects on the plant's health.
[00:02:23.010]From what I researched and after reading variants paper,
[00:02:28.000]I was able to conclude that the roots are the most effected
[00:02:32.640]by the cerium oxide, I'm sorry.
[00:02:37.280]And that is due to the fact that the roots are submerged
[00:02:41.010]in the water that is mixed
[00:02:43.050]with the cerium oxide nanoparticles
[00:02:45.690]depending on the concentration of them.
[00:02:48.580]Due to that fact,
[00:02:50.000]the cerium oxide nanoparticles are predicted
[00:02:53.600]to clog the pores in the roots,
[00:02:56.360]preventing the water and other nutrients to travel
[00:03:01.200]from the environment into the rest of the microgreens
[00:03:04.780]and that's what causes a decrease
[00:03:07.410]in the health of the plant.
[00:03:11.330]Experimental methodology.
[00:03:14.460]To grow these plants,
[00:03:16.240]I needed to sanitize both the plants and the growing media
[00:03:20.350]which in this case was used cocoa core pads.
[00:03:25.020]By using 3% of hydrogen peroxide,
[00:03:27.970]the plants are then grown in the darkness
[00:03:31.950]for six days using only deionized water to water them.
[00:03:37.610]For the next six days after the germination process,
[00:03:41.550]the plants are then placed under the lights
[00:03:44.590]in a liquid growth media
[00:03:46.760]with a cerium oxide nanoparticle concentration,
[00:03:50.370]depending on which sample is being run.
[00:03:53.390]After the 12 days are completed,
[00:03:56.130]the sample is then harvested
[00:03:58.200]and digested using CEM microwave.
[00:04:03.440]Only 0.5 grams of each sample
[00:04:06.970]is placed into the mass express
[00:04:10.060]and digested using 10 mil of nitric acid.
[00:04:14.010]For the procedure that is used for the CEM microwave,
[00:04:18.560]it was obtained from the main website
[00:04:20.890]of the mass six microwave to be more specific
[00:04:24.840]on page three 74.
[00:04:27.410]After the sample is being collected
[00:04:31.600]and diluted into a 1:10 folds
[00:04:34.750]the sample is then ran using ICP-MS
[00:04:39.810]and then the data get collected from that point.
[00:04:46.320]Limitations and their solutions
[00:04:48.670]that I went through for this project.
[00:04:51.870]To start with, the first collected sample
[00:04:54.600]contained multiple error
[00:04:56.470]and came back with a cerium oxide nanoparticles
[00:05:00.240]on the control as well.
[00:05:02.590]Which is typically not predicted
[00:05:04.910]due to the fact that the control
[00:05:06.880]contained no cerium oxide to start with.
[00:05:10.830]The error was believed to either be present
[00:05:13.630]during the preparation sample or during the preparation
[00:05:18.260]of the sample that ran through the ICP-MS.
[00:05:23.060]So to eliminate any error that I'm able to control,
[00:05:26.820]the containers that is used to grow the plants in
[00:05:30.130]we're completely changed and obtained.
[00:05:33.270]It was also believed that an error was present
[00:05:36.620]in the mass express tubes that was used
[00:05:40.040]to digest the sample.
[00:05:42.340]To eliminate that error,
[00:05:44.270]the mass express tubes were cleaned using nitric
[00:05:47.870]and hydrochloric acid
[00:05:49.500]and drawn through the microwave a couple of times.
[00:05:52.900]Then to eliminate any excess acid
[00:05:56.450]that is still in the tubes,
[00:05:58.890]the tubes were filled with 10 mils of water,
[00:06:01.810]ran again through the microwave and then only the best
[00:06:05.160]and the cleanest tubes were collected
[00:06:07.790]and used for the next digestion process.
[00:06:11.480]We were able to contact a professor at (mumbles).
[00:06:16.700]After contacting him,
[00:06:18.300]we were able to set a time
[00:06:20.160]and the data will soon be digested there and collected.
[00:06:27.900]As I've mentioned, unfortunately, our ICP-MS is not working
[00:06:33.260]and we did contact someone to run the data for us
[00:06:37.680]at the University of Lincoln, Nebraska.
[00:06:40.920]However, I was able to find similar studies that performed
[00:06:46.660]on similar sample of microgreens.
[00:06:51.290]From those studies, they were able to collect the data
[00:06:55.590]that are seen on the left side.
[00:06:58.740]From those data, we are able to see
[00:07:01.630]if that our prediction to start with, that the roots
[00:07:05.000]are the most effected by the oxide nanoparticles is true.
[00:07:10.540]However, for the data collected on the left,
[00:07:13.690]those samples are used,
[00:07:17.070]are ran I'm sorry, using silver oxide nanoparticles
[00:07:22.040]rather than cerium oxide.
[00:07:26.960]This is just a brief video that I've put together
[00:07:29.970]using the pictures that I've collected
[00:07:32.470]throughout the life of the radish plants.
[00:07:35.460]I hope you like it.
[00:07:50.490]Those are also a few pictures
[00:07:52.360]that was collected throughout the experiment.
[00:07:54.890]On the top right we are able to see the germination state,
[00:07:58.570]on the top right side, we are able to see
[00:08:02.053]between the germination and the placement under light,
[00:08:05.280]but in fact it was still under darkness.
[00:08:08.530]On the bottom left side, we're able to see a sample
[00:08:12.110]under the light and it's early stages.
[00:08:14.790]We're able to see a brighter green color present in them
[00:08:18.197]and a better portion standing up
[00:08:22.160]and headed toward the light.
[00:08:25.100]On the top left, we're able to see a sample a few hours
[00:08:30.270]before it's being harvested.
[00:08:34.000]So what next for this project?
[00:08:36.510]After the data get back from (mumbles),
[00:08:41.100]were able to prove that our prediction is true
[00:08:44.850]and microgreens are able to detect
[00:08:47.330]any toxins present in a water environment.
[00:08:50.620]However, this study would be very useful
[00:08:55.020]if it was also proven to be productive and accurate
[00:08:59.340]for a soil environment as well.
[00:09:01.300]So I believe a good idea to do next
[00:09:03.800]is to test it using soil,
[00:09:06.570]and if that portion comes back true,
[00:09:09.240]then we're able to use this method
[00:09:11.450]to test any water and soil sample
[00:09:14.480]that we have any suspicion that might contain any toxins
[00:09:17.580]in the environment.
[00:09:18.860]By doing that, we're able to eliminate any danger
[00:09:22.410]on ourselves and our families in the future.
[00:09:26.960]Acknowledgements.
[00:09:28.090]I would like to thank Dr. Barry Cheung,
[00:09:30.910]my research mentor for providing me
[00:09:33.620]with this opportunity to work under his supervision
[00:09:37.570]to learn and improve myself on the research field.
[00:09:41.750]I would also like to thank him on his support and pushing me
[00:09:46.420]toward the best and helping me to eliminate
[00:09:49.920]any possible errors throughout this experiment.
[00:09:52.900]I would also like to thank both Deepa and Erika,
[00:09:56.630]my graduate student mentor that helped me
[00:10:00.090]to provide the necessary things for this research.
[00:10:04.160]They both worked on providing the cerium oxide nanoparticle
[00:10:08.820]that allowed me to perform this experiment
[00:10:12.380]and they were always helping and supporting
[00:10:15.320]whenever I had a question or needed any help
[00:10:18.270]regarding the research.
[00:10:20.110]I would also like to thank the UCARE committee
[00:10:23.650]for providing me and other students
[00:10:26.920]with this fantastic opportunity
[00:10:29.640]to test our projects and examine them in our real life.
[00:10:34.710]For furthermore, thank you so much for this opportunity
[00:10:38.170]and I hope you like my presentation.

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The Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on the Growth Rate of Radish Microgreens

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