Jes Thompson: 2021 Great Plains conference
Center for Great Plains Studies
Author
04/07/2021
Added
22
Plays
Description
Jes Thompson, Northern Michigan University
Title: Let's Change the Conversation about Climate Change
The impacts of a rapidly changing climate are everywhere, yet we haven’t figured out how to talk about climate change with our friends and neighbors. Since the 1980s public conversations about climate change have been dominated by the language of science and politics. Our own fears of scientific inaccuracy and uncertainty – or political disagreement – have censored us from talking about how to live on a changing planet. This talk presents a new frame for conversations about climate change and the places that matter. We can change the conversation about climate change by connecting the issues to the places we love, while talking with the people we love.
Thompson’s research involves improving climate change communication through social science. She led a National Science Foundation project on building place-based climate change education tools for the U.S. National Park Service and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Thompson is an expert on the social and cultural foundations for effective promotion of environmental policy with an interdisciplinary approach involving history, culture, government, and media. She is a Professor at Northern Michigan University and the founder of the Northern Climate Network. She also spent five years in the Human Dimensions of Natural Resources department at Colorado State University.
Searchable Transcript
Toggle between list and paragraph view.
- [00:00:01.072](soft music)
- [00:00:10.660]Thank you for that lovely introduction.
- [00:00:13.090]I'm very excited and honored to be here
- [00:00:15.660]and be part of this conference.
- [00:00:18.506]I wanna start by asking you,
- [00:00:22.370]can you remember your very first conversation
- [00:00:25.530]about climate change?
- [00:00:27.110]Who were you talking to?
- [00:00:31.280]How did it go?
- [00:00:32.650]Where were you?
- [00:00:35.130]Maybe you were here.
- [00:00:36.450]In 1990, when the center hosted their conference
- [00:00:40.620]climate change on the Great Plains,
- [00:00:41.910]maybe that was your first conversation on climate change.
- [00:00:44.890]What conversations have you had
- [00:00:46.550]since then in the past three decades?
- [00:00:49.780]I want you to hold that thought.
- [00:00:51.610]I remember my very first conversation
- [00:00:54.680]and it's embarrassing really.
- [00:00:56.610]I did not know what climate change was.
- [00:00:58.490]No one in my family talked about it.
- [00:01:00.510]It wasn't part of my college curriculum.
- [00:01:02.840]I had started graduate school
- [00:01:04.730]and I was working as a research assistant.
- [00:01:06.940]And my professor said,
- [00:01:08.520]I wanna do a rhetorical analysis of the Kyoto Protocol
- [00:01:12.020]And I was like the what?
- [00:01:13.940]You should have seen how I wrote it in my notes.
- [00:01:16.756]I did not know what this lady was talking about.
- [00:01:19.900]She kept saying as if I should should know.
- [00:01:23.470]And so I spent like the next 48 hours doing a deep dive
- [00:01:29.120]into what is this?
- [00:01:30.810]What does it mean?
- [00:01:31.690]And I was like, oh, my gosh.
- [00:01:33.710]I started going to presentations on my campus,
- [00:01:36.830]I spent time in the library
- [00:01:38.550]and like this was like way before Wikipedia even existed.
- [00:01:43.190]Google was just being born around this time.
- [00:01:48.410]So I had a lot of energy in that moment
- [00:01:53.380]and that conversation was really the precipice for me.
- [00:01:58.077]And I went home from graduate school for Thanksgiving break
- [00:02:02.990]and brought it up with my family
- [00:02:07.040]right there at the dinner table.
- [00:02:09.980]And you know what?
- [00:02:11.581]It did not go that well.
- [00:02:13.710]And I don't know if you've ever had this experience
- [00:02:16.350]where there's something very important in your life
- [00:02:18.320]and you wanna bring it up and you wanna talk about it
- [00:02:19.960]with everyone you know and it really shut me down.
- [00:02:23.480]And I said, holy cow, what's going on?
- [00:02:26.120]Why aren't we talking about this?
- [00:02:28.110]What's the problem?
- [00:02:29.250]Why is it stigmatized in this really weird way?
- [00:02:33.600]And so I kind of floated around those ideas
- [00:02:37.610]and it wasn't until July, 2004,
- [00:02:40.840]that this movie was coming out
- [00:02:43.020]and this movie was going to be a blockbuster.
- [00:02:46.590]In fact, it was the first carbon neutral film ever.
- [00:02:50.340]A little bit of trivia there,
- [00:02:53.110]but it was generating a storm of controversy, scientists,
- [00:02:59.120]politicians, advocacy groups,
- [00:03:01.480]political pundits, were all kind of up in arms
- [00:03:04.290]debating the scientific accuracy
- [00:03:06.680]and political implications of a Hollywood drama
- [00:03:09.730]of the rapid collapse
- [00:03:10.950]of the Thermal Hadley's circulation system.
- [00:03:13.380]You know, which movie I'm talking about?
- [00:03:15.030]Yeah, this guy.
- [00:03:16.430]Well, you know,
- [00:03:17.263]what's so interesting about this movie?
- [00:03:19.562]Is that Tony Lazaro, maybe you've heard him on NPR,
- [00:03:23.350]Climate Connections, Yale Climate Connections.
- [00:03:27.270]He did a comprehensive national survey about this movie
- [00:03:32.440]and he found that 83% of moviegoers
- [00:03:36.000]said that they were somewhat very concerned
- [00:03:38.600]about climate change after seeing this film
- [00:03:41.070]compared to those who hadn't.
- [00:03:43.300]And in some ways,
- [00:03:45.130]this film which reached a very diverse audience
- [00:03:48.600]66 million people from different economic education
- [00:03:52.230]and ethnic backgrounds went to see this film in theaters
- [00:03:57.311]compared to the 37 million liberal leaning gore fans.
- [00:04:02.770]Now, I love an inconvenient truth
- [00:04:05.108]and I love the sequel even more.
- [00:04:08.090]But all of this kind of got me thinking,
- [00:04:10.270]what do we know about communicating climate change?
- [00:04:15.020]And so I started this hobby project.
- [00:04:17.800]It really was just for me, it was kind of fun.
- [00:04:19.670]In the late 1990s, there were only a handful
- [00:04:22.600]of peer reviewed social scientific research studies,
- [00:04:26.140]empirical studies about how we communicate climate change.
- [00:04:29.980]But by 2004, other communication scholars
- [00:04:33.840]were starting to pick up on this
- [00:04:35.400]and we were starting to see some really nuanced research.
- [00:04:38.610]And just so over the past going on 17 years,
- [00:04:44.150]we've been more than 3,000 studies
- [00:04:47.164]just on climate change communication.
- [00:04:52.020]And they're right at the nexus
- [00:04:54.614]of really rigorous social science
- [00:04:55.940]and righteous social action.
- [00:04:57.810]And today we can slice and dice
- [00:05:00.420]these studies a dozen different ways.
- [00:05:03.050]You've got the classic American attitudes and values,
- [00:05:07.360]we've got how is it framed for policy and media debates?
- [00:05:12.070]Really neat research on what metaphors work
- [00:05:14.910]is Climate change a war that we need to combat?
- [00:05:18.170]Is it a disease that we need to treat?
- [00:05:20.740]Are we gonna manage the symptoms
- [00:05:22.340]or get to the root of the problem?
- [00:05:24.360]Some interesting work on images, what images resonate?
- [00:05:28.010]A colleague just finished a study
- [00:05:30.567]and he's actually a neuroscientist
- [00:05:33.954]putting probes on people's heads,
- [00:05:36.520]figuring out which images capture their attention
- [00:05:39.260]when it comes to climate change
- [00:05:40.540]and images of solutions have a way longer holding power
- [00:05:44.990]for their attention than images of ice flows and smug
- [00:05:48.700]and disaster and devastation.
- [00:05:52.280]What else?
- [00:05:53.695]Oh, great research in gaming and media tools
- [00:05:56.440]that are used to illustrate scenarios and build models
- [00:05:59.560]and make decisions.
- [00:06:01.170]Oh, overwhelming research on emotions
- [00:06:04.400]and just the grief that we're feeling
- [00:06:06.660]when we talk about these issues,
- [00:06:08.310]still a strong showing from the news and journalism work,
- [00:06:14.650]case studies, social media research
- [00:06:17.410]on how these trends are influencing public discussions
- [00:06:22.430]and really neat work in psychology related to that
- [00:06:25.410]coming from Chris Mooney,
- [00:06:26.830]there's a great piece on the science
- [00:06:28.990]of why we don't believe science
- [00:06:31.210]and the role that social media plays in shaping that.
- [00:06:34.660]Also, our awareness and cultural understandings
- [00:06:37.860]about climate change.
- [00:06:39.280]And then how that leads to really practical things
- [00:06:41.610]about communicating our adaptation strategy
- [00:06:44.760]in our community.
- [00:06:45.730]And new research is coming back and social marketing
- [00:06:49.172]which was really popular in the 90s and it's back again,
- [00:06:52.580]just like this awesome conference
- [00:06:54.540]to show us how we can use the tricks and trades
- [00:06:59.370]from the advertising and marketing industry
- [00:07:01.141]to promote pro environmental behavior.
- [00:07:03.790]So really neat stuff, tons of great stuff.
- [00:07:06.370]I wanna spend a few minutes talking about what doesn't work.
- [00:07:10.950]So first and foremost, research overwhelmingly shows
- [00:07:15.640]that fear appeals doomsday messages
- [00:07:18.360]only have temporary holding power.
- [00:07:21.260]We have what's called a finite pool of worry.
- [00:07:24.410]So after the potential for disaster has dissipated,
- [00:07:27.630]we just go back to our everyday life.
- [00:07:30.480]And, you know, we wake up the next day
- [00:07:32.240]and a cataclysmic storm did not destroy everything
- [00:07:35.140]that we love and hold near and dear
- [00:07:37.040]so we just continue to live our lives.
- [00:07:40.360]Second, and this goes back to the journalism research,
- [00:07:44.517]arbitrarily balanced news stories.
- [00:07:47.450]Now journalists are amazing humans.
- [00:07:49.470]They are trained from the beginning
- [00:07:51.440]to balance their new story.
- [00:07:52.980]If you get one quote from one source,
- [00:07:55.420]from one side of the issue, you've gotta find the balance.
- [00:07:58.080]So you look really neutral.
- [00:07:59.950]Well, the problem is that 97% of scientists
- [00:08:04.050]agree that humans are influencing the climate.
- [00:08:07.610]So we don't really need a two-sided story, it's conclusive.
- [00:08:12.490]We know, unfortunately, because of that journalism practice,
- [00:08:17.740]we see that only a mere 28%, less than 1/3 of news stories
- [00:08:23.730]actually reflect that consensus
- [00:08:26.820]making the issue appear way more controversial
- [00:08:29.690]than it really is.
- [00:08:31.857]Related to that,
- [00:08:33.590]and we all know that technical
- [00:08:35.170]and scientific language is important.
- [00:08:37.390]We appreciate it because of its precision.
- [00:08:40.320]Well, people outside our disciplines call it jargon.
- [00:08:44.820]And this is one of my favorite studies.
- [00:08:46.490]They took words used in climate reports and reporting
- [00:08:51.585]and they surveyed a large national audience to say,
- [00:08:55.170]you know, what does this mean to you?
- [00:08:58.220]When people hear aerosols, they think of spray cans.
- [00:09:02.820]That's my Aqua net, my spray paint there,
- [00:09:06.324]those are aerosols.
- [00:09:08.650]If you've got a theory, you've got a hunch,
- [00:09:11.740]that's your speculation.
- [00:09:12.690]And everybody's got a theory on something.
- [00:09:15.460]And if you're reporting any level of uncertainty,
- [00:09:19.610]that must mean that you just don't know,
- [00:09:21.200]that you're ignorant to the details
- [00:09:23.200]and what?
- [00:09:24.033]The study had a manipulation of the data, of the sample?
- [00:09:28.990]Well, clearly you've tampered with it in some way
- [00:09:33.430]and that you're reporting an error, even a margin of error,
- [00:09:37.020]well, then you made a mistake.
- [00:09:38.470]You did something wrong in the research.
- [00:09:40.420]And you say, you've got consensus?
- [00:09:42.160]Oh, that's cool.
- [00:09:43.410]Well, a bunch of people must share an opinion.
- [00:09:47.440]And the language in the IPC reports of likely, well,
- [00:09:52.190]if something's likely it's not going to happen.
- [00:09:54.890]So what we say and what the public hears has a big impact.
- [00:09:59.300]And this is also related
- [00:10:01.070]to one of the core scientific values of uncertainty.
- [00:10:06.210]So at the heart of scientific research
- [00:10:08.420]is not finding certainty,
- [00:10:10.100]but it's discovering more uncertainty.
- [00:10:12.070]That's what gets us excited.
- [00:10:14.960]But it's not a highly held American value
- [00:10:17.870]when it comes to public discourse.
- [00:10:19.890]People are not motivated by uncertainty.
- [00:10:24.200]In fact, uncertain predictions, ambiguous
- [00:10:28.520]or even nuanced explanations, don't help on a complex issue.
- [00:10:32.990]It actually just confuses the audience more.
- [00:10:35.980]So they're still left wondering, what do I do?
- [00:10:39.560]And finally, number five on the list of things to never do
- [00:10:44.190]is global stories.
- [00:10:46.320]Coastal villages in the Maldives,
- [00:10:48.720]animals suffering in the Arctic,
- [00:10:50.640]queue the polar bear stranded on the ice flow.
- [00:10:53.770]Oh, my gosh.
- [00:10:55.792]So cute.
- [00:10:58.058]Want to save him, but just like those fear
- [00:10:59.890]and doomsday prophecies, after that initial shock,
- [00:11:03.410]we go back to living our everyday lives.
- [00:11:06.330]Now, this is just really important.
- [00:11:08.210]I wanna recap, don't do these things.
- [00:11:10.800]Code doesn't work, stop communicating this way.
- [00:11:15.810]We need something new.
- [00:11:17.590]We need a new frame.
- [00:11:18.423]And that's what today's talk is all about.
- [00:11:21.010]So with all this great research in mind,
- [00:11:23.510]there was one thing that kept coming back to me.
- [00:11:26.667]You know, thinking back to that Thanksgiving table,
- [00:11:29.030]thinking back to experiences in my life,
- [00:11:31.080]like why do I care about this?
- [00:11:33.160]And it was really place and I saw that places
- [00:11:37.720]had some potential to shift the conversation.
- [00:11:40.558]So right now I want you to think about a place that you love
- [00:11:43.970]close your eyes, imagine it, can you see it?
- [00:11:48.420]What do you smell?
- [00:11:49.390]What do you hear?
- [00:11:50.890]How do you feel there?
- [00:11:53.113]Do other people feel the same way?
- [00:11:55.800]Have you talked about those feelings?
- [00:11:58.050]I want you to hold those thoughts
- [00:12:00.090]because here's a shameless plug for a recent book project
- [00:12:04.610]where we brought 50 minds and 50 great places together
- [00:12:07.760]to illustrate the power of place-based learning
- [00:12:11.290]and talking about climate change.
- [00:12:13.428]In fact, there's actually a lifetime of research
- [00:12:16.360]on place attachment and the power of places
- [00:12:18.850]to change conversations.
- [00:12:20.210]And the punchline is research shows
- [00:12:22.660]people are connected to places.
- [00:12:24.250]We have these unique bonds with certain landscapes,
- [00:12:27.530]we value them on a social cultural
- [00:12:30.510]and even on a very intuitive guttural level.
- [00:12:33.900]But people also effectively learn in these places
- [00:12:36.580]they either learn by doing things, observing, experimenting
- [00:12:41.760]and people remember those lessons more
- [00:12:45.360]than anything they learned inside a classroom
- [00:12:47.920]when they're framed in the context of this both social
- [00:12:51.700]and physical place that they love.
- [00:12:54.640]So this became the impotence
- [00:12:58.080]of the next honestly decade of work that I did.
- [00:13:02.520]Right after grad school,
- [00:13:03.860]I had my first job at Colorado State University
- [00:13:07.140]and I am doing some consulting work
- [00:13:09.260]for the National Park Service.
- [00:13:10.580]In fact, I was hired, get this,
- [00:13:13.400]to help them write their climate change response strategy?
- [00:13:17.670]It was huge.
- [00:13:18.770]I was definitely in way over my head,
- [00:13:21.590]but I was happy to figure out how to swim.
- [00:13:25.950]So in 2009, US senators, Mark Udall and John McCain
- [00:13:31.940]came to Rocky Mountain National Park
- [00:13:33.630]for the special Senate subcommittee meeting on energy
- [00:13:37.090]and natural resources.
- [00:13:38.330]And just as kind of a fly on the wall
- [00:13:41.340]or a beetle in the tree.
- [00:13:43.060]If you get that pond, I watched as Ben Babelowsky
- [00:13:47.640]the Chief Natural Resource Manager,
- [00:13:49.660]took you Udall and McCain around the park.
- [00:13:53.180]And they talked about all these climate impacts.
- [00:13:55.990]They talked about invasive species,
- [00:13:58.010]they talked about melting rock glacier ice.
- [00:14:00.206]They talked about how the pikers are disappearing
- [00:14:03.630]and they talked about this growing pine beetle infestation.
- [00:14:06.400]And it was really informative.
- [00:14:08.810]It was really thoughtful, it was quite informal.
- [00:14:13.500]There was something really natural about it.
- [00:14:15.760]It was not a stiff scripted PowerPoint,
- [00:14:20.485]but the next morning the Denver post read
- [00:14:23.400]McCain says every citizen in America
- [00:14:25.950]should see what's happening here.
- [00:14:27.930]Look, I believe climate change is real.
- [00:14:29.960]Every visit we make such as we're making
- [00:14:32.310]argues that we need to take action.
- [00:14:35.120]I read that top fold story with my morning coffee
- [00:14:39.950]and it was a moment.
- [00:14:42.517]It was a moment where I said, of course,
- [00:14:45.431]what if that's how people understood climate change
- [00:14:48.850]through this meaningful dot A log
- [00:14:51.180]situated in a place that they love,
- [00:14:53.900]a place they feel connected to?
- [00:14:55.690]Could it work?
- [00:14:57.250]Would people adapt, would they make changes?
- [00:15:00.880]Would they advocate for climate friendly policy?
- [00:15:03.740]Vote for climate friendly politicians,
- [00:15:06.000]could it make a difference?
- [00:15:07.320]So this was really fresh in my mind.
- [00:15:10.080]As a friend called, she was on the planning committee
- [00:15:14.650]for My Professional Associations National Convention
- [00:15:17.470]which was gonna be hosted in Denver.
- [00:15:18.930]And this is how the call goes, hey, Jess.
- [00:15:21.120]You do work with the parks, right?
- [00:15:22.450]You could like get us in for free for a field trip?
- [00:15:24.800]I don't know why people think
- [00:15:25.860]like it's not that expensive to go to a park.
- [00:15:28.030]But I said, I do know people.
- [00:15:31.510]Oh, my goodness, yes, I will plan your field trip,
- [00:15:35.210]but I'm gonna make it a social experiment.
- [00:15:38.240]So this was the moment, went to Denver,
- [00:15:41.080]picked up a couple dozen people in these big rental vans
- [00:15:44.110]with box gourmet lunches,
- [00:15:45.559]got up to the entrance of Rocky Mountain National Park.
- [00:15:48.520]They're taking pictures.
- [00:15:49.640]We do the whole thing.
- [00:15:51.050]We hike around Spragg Lake.
- [00:15:54.180]And we're talking about the same things, the cheat grass,
- [00:15:57.670]the pikas, the melting rock glacier ice, droughts.
- [00:16:03.127]And, you know, it's going great.
- [00:16:04.780]We actually had like pretty decent weather.
- [00:16:07.070]We're not in the blazing sun.
- [00:16:08.920]And we started getting to the pine beetle conversation.
- [00:16:12.550]So I know you've got some mountain pine beetles
- [00:16:15.610]in the Panhandle of Nebraska.
- [00:16:17.750]So I think you know the story that I'm about to tell.
- [00:16:21.430]Pine beetles have lived in trees for hundreds of years,
- [00:16:25.160]right?
- [00:16:26.615]They have been part of the system.
- [00:16:28.610]They just didn't appear in the early 2000s suddenly.
- [00:16:33.310]But what happened is their population is typically managed
- [00:16:36.780]with all we need 10 consecutive days below freezing
- [00:16:40.610]and the eggs and larva that are wintering
- [00:16:44.020]under the bark freeze and die off, no big deal.
- [00:16:48.810]The trees go on and they're able to survive.
- [00:16:52.770]But what's happening with these warmer and drier winters,
- [00:16:57.700]these beetles have been able to thrive.
- [00:17:00.130]And so instead of 90% of their population freezing off,
- [00:17:04.690]they're growing and they're exiting the tree
- [00:17:06.840]and this whole cycle is happening over and over.
- [00:17:09.330]And it really takes between eight and 10 months
- [00:17:11.650]from that first infestation
- [00:17:13.280]for the trees needles to turn brown
- [00:17:15.770]for it to be nutrient deprived and for it to die.
- [00:17:19.560]So you got a public land like the national parks
- [00:17:23.630]or wildlife refuges.
- [00:17:25.770]And now you've got a management decision
- [00:17:27.840]because parks can't have dead timber anywhere,
- [00:17:32.620]people stand, sleep and move throughout the public lands.
- [00:17:38.440]So they had to make a decision.
- [00:17:39.800]So we are on this field trip
- [00:17:41.550]and we get to Glacier Basin Campground.
- [00:17:44.180]Now, you know, it's a campground, there's a lovely view.
- [00:17:47.970]We sit kind of clustered around these picnic tables
- [00:17:50.840]in the corner
- [00:17:53.321]and start talking about this management decision
- [00:17:55.380]and like what the natural resource managers had to do
- [00:17:58.440]with facilities and whatnot,
- [00:18:00.769]to decide which trees were so infected
- [00:18:03.790]that they needed to be removed
- [00:18:05.150]so they don't like catch fire or land on people.
- [00:18:08.030]And we're just talking management strategy,
- [00:18:12.430]decision-making and I feel this hand on my shoulder,
- [00:18:16.994]I turn, and this woman, her name is Tamra.
- [00:18:20.230]I'm gonna be like really vague.
- [00:18:22.360]She's probably in her 50s, not younger, not older,
- [00:18:26.020]but in there somewhere.
- [00:18:28.490]And her face is red and her eyes are watery
- [00:18:32.380]and immediately my brain goes wilderness first responder.
- [00:18:35.280]Oh, my gosh.
- [00:18:36.113]Bee sting, no, altitude.
- [00:18:37.760]This woman's from Florida, we're at 10,000 feet.
- [00:18:40.650]Oh, no.
- [00:18:41.500]I'm like processing what triaging my head
- [00:18:45.160]as she says, I wish I'd brought my parents.
- [00:18:51.804]Nope, nope.
- [00:18:53.770]Not what I was expecting in that moment.
- [00:18:57.020]And before I could say anything else, she said,
- [00:19:02.638]she used to camp here every other summer as a child
- [00:19:06.930]with her cousins, aunts and uncles
- [00:19:09.040]and her parents who are older now, strong conservationists,
- [00:19:13.333]strong appreciation for the great outdoors.
- [00:19:17.320]But an equally strong disbelief
- [00:19:21.230]in human caused climate change.
- [00:19:23.350]And she remembered this campground,
- [00:19:25.160]this place, riding her bike, playing cards,
- [00:19:28.430]making sandwiches for a hike.
- [00:19:31.650]She looked around and she had tears in her eyes.
- [00:19:34.210]Heck, I had tears in my eyes.
- [00:19:36.470]She said, now it is gone and my parents don't get it.
- [00:19:43.030]They need to see this.
- [00:19:45.220]And you know what?
- [00:19:46.190]She was right.
- [00:19:47.730]It was gone from the park's beginning
- [00:19:50.280]through the early 2000s, Glacier Basin Campground
- [00:19:53.720]was this thick, tall lodgepole pine oasis,
- [00:19:58.620]it was a deep forest with these small squares
- [00:20:01.400]for campers to nestle into the mountain woods.
- [00:20:03.880]It was rustic, it was private.
- [00:20:06.490]It was forested.
- [00:20:07.750]But by 2009, all of the lodgepole pines
- [00:20:11.890]that had been infected with mountain pine beetle
- [00:20:14.370]had to be cut.
- [00:20:16.200]They were a liability, the park could not have that risk.
- [00:20:21.430]So I was not expecting this quite of emotional reaction
- [00:20:25.160]to my McCain social experiment
- [00:20:28.010]especially talking about park management strategy,
- [00:20:32.590]but what turned out to be a full group
- [00:20:36.150]emotional place-based dialogue
- [00:20:38.970]that engaged all of these participants
- [00:20:40.870]in talking about science, families, memories,
- [00:20:45.360]the legacy of the national parks.
- [00:20:48.670]And this story was really powerful for me.
- [00:20:50.660]In fact, a few months later,
- [00:20:52.610]I was invited to give a talk up in Alaska
- [00:20:54.710]and I get to Alaska and I throw this anecdote
- [00:20:57.640]into my presentation.
- [00:20:58.862]And afterwards, I'm closing up my laptop
- [00:21:01.990]and I see this man approaching the podium and I'm in Alaska.
- [00:21:06.720]This guy is 7 feet tall.
- [00:21:08.740]More than, and again, I'll be kind of 300 pounds,
- [00:21:13.960]huge boots, boots bigger than my Prius flannel
- [00:21:17.470]that I could make a 10 out of, I am scared.
- [00:21:19.960]Right?
- [00:21:21.220]And the first thing out of his mouth is,
- [00:21:23.420]you know, something in your presentation really upset me.
- [00:21:27.340]Okay, trigger.
- [00:21:28.580]I'm going okay, what are all my climate retorts?
- [00:21:31.640]I've got facts for deniers,
- [00:21:33.950]you know, and I'm thinking about everything
- [00:21:36.040]that I can roll out.
- [00:21:38.100]And once again, thank goodness
- [00:21:40.530]I didn't speak before I thought.
- [00:21:42.830]He says, my father died this summer.
- [00:21:47.210]And I just finished digitizing all of his photos.
- [00:21:51.640]And I have a photo from Glacier Basin Campground 1956.
- [00:22:00.910]I was about six years old
- [00:22:02.600]and I remember the trip like it was yesterday
- [00:22:06.500]because it was the trip that told me
- [00:22:10.940]that I wanna be a park ranger.
- [00:22:13.470]And John Morris spent the next 40 years
- [00:22:16.100]serving that, well, not from when he was six,
- [00:22:18.180]but he spent a 40 year career
- [00:22:20.390]serving the National Park Service,
- [00:22:23.170]working on climate change education actually.
- [00:22:26.310]And he shared this photo with me
- [00:22:28.660]and I get to share it with you.
- [00:22:32.220]All of this, at the moment we joked.
- [00:22:35.969]The park service doesn't need to hire more rangers
- [00:22:38.580]or interpreters, they need to hire grief counselors.
- [00:22:41.810]There's a whole generation of people
- [00:22:44.130]who are going through the stages of grief
- [00:22:48.700]as they visit these places.
- [00:22:51.530]And, you know, I kind of joke about that,
- [00:22:55.250]but it was with grief and family heavy in my heart
- [00:22:59.000]that I thought we need to change this conversation.
- [00:23:02.920]We've been approaching this all wrong.
- [00:23:05.200]So I spent the next decade, maybe more,
- [00:23:09.320]trying to test this idea empirically
- [00:23:11.750]and with an incredible team of partners
- [00:23:13.900]at the National Park Service
- [00:23:15.940]and US Fish and Wildlife Service together
- [00:23:18.270]we traveled across the country
- [00:23:20.460]from the Florida keys to the Kenai Peninsula of Alaska.
- [00:23:23.530]From the North Cascades in Washington State
- [00:23:25.890]to the National Mall in Washington DC,
- [00:23:28.990]we asked can we change the conversation
- [00:23:32.590]about climate change?
- [00:23:33.430]Can we use these public lands
- [00:23:35.490]and these places that people treasure?
- [00:23:38.080]Our incredible team met with more than 400 scientists,
- [00:23:43.070]natural resource managers, educators, interpreters
- [00:23:46.800]to try to understand first, what questions are they asking?
- [00:23:49.880]What climate impacts are they witnessing in these areas?
- [00:23:54.370]So the climate research was our first step.
- [00:23:58.290]And once we got oriented to understanding, okay,
- [00:24:01.007]these are the issues.
- [00:24:03.800]Now we wanna dive into the social research.
- [00:24:07.690]How do people see these issues?
- [00:24:09.440]Do they?
- [00:24:10.520]So for more than a year, a team, again,
- [00:24:14.518]God bless graduate students.
- [00:24:18.520]We surveyed more than 800 staff at this sites,
- [00:24:23.800]we did 16 site visits and focus groups.
- [00:24:26.700]We hosted five workshops in those areas
- [00:24:29.640]and surveyed more than 4,000 visitors
- [00:24:32.990]visiting these public lands
- [00:24:34.990]and interviewed nearly 360 of them.
- [00:24:38.415]Engaging close to 6,000 people in this conversation.
- [00:24:42.460]And what's interesting is we know a little bit
- [00:24:45.690]about the annual pass holder for the national parks,
- [00:24:48.960]they tend to look exactly like our sample.
- [00:24:54.330]They are predominantly.
- [00:24:56.780]In this case, 51% male, 86% Caucasian, average age was 54.
- [00:25:04.520]And nearly 70% of these visitors had a college degree.
- [00:25:09.170]And 1/3 of them had a graduate degree.
- [00:25:11.450]So we've got this demographic.
- [00:25:15.134]And in terms of political party affiliation,
- [00:25:18.623]1/3 self-reported being Democrat, 18% Republican,
- [00:25:23.170]17% independent and about 1/3 didn't.
- [00:25:26.620]So that's this group that we're talking about.
- [00:25:30.943]And we asked the staff,
- [00:25:33.980]are your visitors concerned about climate change?
- [00:25:37.760]And overwhelmingly those 800 plus staff members
- [00:25:40.970]they're like, oh, meh, probably not.
- [00:25:44.880]What this graph means is that 1% of those respondents
- [00:25:50.150]thought that their audience was extremely concerned,
- [00:25:53.370]but most of the staff members thought
- [00:25:56.620]they're in the lake, not slightly, maybe somewhat concerned.
- [00:26:01.280]And then we turned around and asked those 4,000 visitors.
- [00:26:04.580]Are you concerned about climate change?
- [00:26:08.150]Staff was like, holy cow, we had no idea.
- [00:26:11.300]We thought we were interpreting the civil war.
- [00:26:13.940]And here we've got something where, you know,
- [00:26:16.830]people over 50% are very or extremely concerned about this.
- [00:26:21.680]And then we replicated 15 questions from a national scale
- [00:26:25.900]maybe you've seen.
- [00:26:28.170]It used to be called the Six Americas.
- [00:26:29.980]They have shifted their survey.
- [00:26:32.160]But at that time we used with their permission,
- [00:26:36.320]the questions from the Yale Program
- [00:26:39.210]on climate change communication
- [00:26:40.440]at George Mason University Center
- [00:26:42.600]for climate change communication.
- [00:26:44.170]Their question on the Six Americas.
- [00:26:47.360]And this is from one of their reports
- [00:26:50.940]where they've got these are the six kind of categories
- [00:26:53.870]that they give the American public from alarmed
- [00:26:57.055]to dismissive.
- [00:26:57.982]And we did the same cluster analysis
- [00:27:02.150]with the same questions.
- [00:27:03.680]And we found that the people visiting national parks
- [00:27:06.280]were significantly different.
- [00:27:08.200]That in terms of being alarmed, this group was different.
- [00:27:12.320]They were already primed to the issue
- [00:27:14.560]and concerned in a way
- [00:27:16.490]that people in other parts of the United States were not.
- [00:27:21.550]So this kind of led
- [00:27:23.350]to this building of a theoretical framework.
- [00:27:25.500]We know we did all that literature review on what works,
- [00:27:28.910]what doesn't work.
- [00:27:30.720]We understand that places matter and people learn there.
- [00:27:34.300]And then there's this other research on place attachment.
- [00:27:37.030]There's actually a place attachment scale.
- [00:27:39.160]So we included that in our visitor survey too.
- [00:27:41.925]And we thought, well, if they feel like concerned
- [00:27:46.304]and detached, maybe they'll feel a little bit responsible.
- [00:27:50.422]And if they feel responsible,
- [00:27:52.220]then we can move them to action a lot faster.
- [00:27:55.210]So we asked questions
- [00:27:56.600]based on this norm activation theory too.
- [00:27:59.530]So here's just a few quick results
- [00:28:02.380]from a few of my favorite questions.
- [00:28:04.330]This place is very special to me,
- [00:28:06.350]over 80% of the respondents agreed.
- [00:28:11.120]I feel attached,
- [00:28:12.930]I'm very attached to this park or refuge, again,
- [00:28:16.430]strongly agree, agree, over half of the people.
- [00:28:19.880]And even that phrasing is so weird, attached.
- [00:28:22.054]They weren't bothered by it.
- [00:28:24.830]This place means a lot to me again, wow.
- [00:28:29.300]Way over half felt like this place.
- [00:28:33.080]And what was interesting when we sort this,
- [00:28:35.070]there was no significant statistical difference
- [00:28:37.730]in whether it was their first visit or not.
- [00:28:41.860]So there were repeat visitors,
- [00:28:43.480]there were people who were there for their first time
- [00:28:46.080]and it didn't matter, they felt attached.
- [00:28:49.730]They felt a sense of connection to this landscape.
- [00:28:53.580]Okay.
- [00:28:54.413]So are they responsible?
- [00:28:57.150]What do you think?
- [00:28:58.600]Yeah, nearly 60% strongly agree or agree
- [00:29:03.610]that they are responsible
- [00:29:05.722]for presently occurring environmental problems.
- [00:29:06.760]They see their own behaviors as impacting the environment,
- [00:29:10.590]but not the climate, right?
- [00:29:12.920]Could they?
- [00:29:15.010]Yeah, they do, over half again, felt somewhat responsible
- [00:29:19.250]for contributing to the condition of the climate.
- [00:29:24.640]Well, what if we switched this wording around
- [00:29:27.070]and really see if it is the case?
- [00:29:29.260]So we're trying to trick them, right?
- [00:29:32.430]So they aren't just answering, do, do, do, in autopilot.
- [00:29:35.290]Like thanks for the survey, let me get to this park.
- [00:29:39.782]But even flipping the question around again,
- [00:29:43.790]more than half feel that they are responsible
- [00:29:46.990]for contributing to climate change.
- [00:29:49.776]And so then we asked,
- [00:29:51.290]are you willing to change your behavior?
- [00:29:52.920]Do you wanna do something while you're visiting this place?
- [00:29:55.910]And, yes, again, people were willing to do
- [00:30:00.070]and people would answer this question
- [00:30:01.860]and then they would look up at us and at our team
- [00:30:04.100]and say, what can I do?
- [00:30:05.740]Is there a program?
- [00:30:07.150]When are they doing a demonstration?
- [00:30:08.730]What things do you have going on?
- [00:30:10.010]People were hungry for it.
- [00:30:11.290]They said, we're so sick of the climate debate.
- [00:30:14.040]Could you just please tell us what we could do?
- [00:30:16.880]We felt so powerless for so long.
- [00:30:20.570]We need some actions, we need some tools.
- [00:30:23.640]So this was really exciting, right?
- [00:30:26.770]And I would say the most exciting finding drum roll, please.
- [00:30:32.826]You won't believe this.
- [00:30:33.659]This will be the one thing you remember
- [00:30:35.135]from the whole presentation.
- [00:30:36.300]There was no significant statistical difference
- [00:30:40.500]in concern for climate change and place attachment
- [00:30:44.900]and responsibility among political party affiliation.
- [00:30:50.820]It did not matter whether someone was Democrat, Republican,
- [00:30:54.620]or independent,
- [00:30:56.050]that in some ways there's something more powerful
- [00:31:01.330]than our political affiliation and it's our connection
- [00:31:04.300]to these places and communities that matter.
- [00:31:07.620]And so that I thought was really noteworthy.
- [00:31:10.830]Another thing that was very interesting
- [00:31:13.420]is where people get their climate change information.
- [00:31:16.260]Can you guess?
- [00:31:17.876]Maybe save this for the conversations after today's talks,
- [00:31:22.740]where do people get their info?
- [00:31:26.760]Friends and family members.
- [00:31:28.750]Their number one trusted source
- [00:31:31.120]are those people that we know and love.
- [00:31:34.290]So this just, again, makes the power of conversation
- [00:31:41.010]and it brought me back to that Thanksgiving table.
- [00:31:45.210]Like, why did I shy away from that difficult conversation?
- [00:31:49.130]How could I have done that better in a more meaningful,
- [00:31:51.960]yeah, maybe over mashed potatoes the timing wasn't right,
- [00:31:56.670]but maybe on a hike after dinner
- [00:31:58.720]would have been a good time.
- [00:32:01.300]So this is really the punchline.
- [00:32:04.730]If there are some things
- [00:32:06.980]that came out of this decade of research,
- [00:32:10.810]it's trying to get people to acceptance.
- [00:32:12.780]Yes, we are grieving.
- [00:32:14.400]We are going through those steps
- [00:32:15.920]and we can stay in denial and we can be angry,
- [00:32:18.780]but at some point,
- [00:32:20.320]we've gotta help each other move to acceptance.
- [00:32:24.250]It is the most important step in the grief cycle.
- [00:32:27.030]And it is only from acceptance that we can begin to heal
- [00:32:30.380]and grow and take action.
- [00:32:33.100]And we need to tell our friends
- [00:32:35.510]that they don't need to know everything about climate,
- [00:32:37.310]there is not a single academic researcher
- [00:32:41.050]or scientists on the planet who knows everything about it
- [00:32:44.320]the body of research is too huge, it's too overwhelming.
- [00:32:48.690]So give up waiting for all evidence to be submitted.
- [00:32:52.816]There is enough, there's enough to know
- [00:32:55.670]that we can start taking action
- [00:32:58.240]and get your friends and family out,
- [00:33:00.980]places are so important.
- [00:33:03.130]As a parent, I know that the lessons I teach my kids
- [00:33:08.790]are all the ones that happen outside of the house.
- [00:33:11.680]It's what happens in the woods,
- [00:33:13.070]it's the conversations that we have in place
- [00:33:16.750]and helping them build that connection to place
- [00:33:20.090]is going to help them know that places need protection
- [00:33:24.870]which is going to build this larger environmental ethic.
- [00:33:30.932]And understand local examples.
- [00:33:32.730]Everywhere you go things are changing.
- [00:33:34.300]I understand the Nebraska growing season
- [00:33:36.990]or the growing season on the Great Plains has increased
- [00:33:40.356]by, what is it?
- [00:33:42.290]16 days in the past 100 years.
- [00:33:45.530]And also the storms and droughts.
- [00:33:47.710]All of this dynamic climate interactions
- [00:33:52.120]are affecting communities across the country,
- [00:33:55.180]across the globe.
- [00:33:56.500]So figure out what your local examples are
- [00:33:59.140]as talking points.
- [00:34:00.530]And most importantly know
- [00:34:03.110]that individuals can make a difference.
- [00:34:05.480]It sometimes feels like the problem is so big
- [00:34:07.700]and so overwhelming.
- [00:34:08.750]I go to a lot of climate talks and sometimes I leave
- [00:34:11.070]and I'm like, I should have ridden my bike here.
- [00:34:13.520]What am I doing?
- [00:34:14.370]What am I here?
- [00:34:15.203]Well, now it's all on Zoom
- [00:34:16.210]which makes it way more carbon friendly.
- [00:34:18.339]But the point is little things matter.
- [00:34:23.500]You don't need to, you know, be vegan every day of the week,
- [00:34:27.280]but like pick sometimes to eat plant-based,
- [00:34:30.714]figure out ways to reduce your use
- [00:34:33.400]and live a little bit lighter on the planet.
- [00:34:35.470]And as you make those decisions, you can talk about them
- [00:34:38.450]and they become a conversation starter
- [00:34:41.370]and that's how it ripples through the community.
- [00:34:44.400]And that's how we change the story.
- [00:34:47.922]So I want to say one last thing
- [00:34:52.940]and I'm not saying this to be braggy, but pre-COVID,
- [00:34:57.210]I had some opportunities to travel
- [00:35:00.680]and do this work in other parts of the world.
- [00:35:03.440]And I will tell you that my findings here in the Western US
- [00:35:09.170]and they translate, they translate across languages.
- [00:35:15.140]They translate across cultures, same story in Mexico,
- [00:35:20.040]same stories in Mongolia, in India, in tiny, tiny Singapore
- [00:35:25.520]where they have the most beautiful national parks.
- [00:35:28.490]And even most recently,
- [00:35:30.230]I've had the opportunity to spend time in Cuba
- [00:35:32.530]and at Cuba's national parks
- [00:35:34.930]and it's the same story
- [00:35:36.510]and people feel that action is possible
- [00:35:41.110]from this connection to place.
- [00:35:44.220]So I wanna thank you so much for including me
- [00:35:46.972]and I wanna leave you with this punchline.
- [00:35:49.780]Talk about climate change, have these conversations
- [00:35:52.930]with the people you love.
- [00:35:54.680]After this conference, call up a friend or family member
- [00:35:59.450]and say, hey, I just spent two days learning all this
- [00:36:02.380]dah, dah, dah, have that moment, share this story.
- [00:36:08.090]Thank you very much.
- [00:36:12.594](soft music)
The screen size you are trying to search captions on is too small!
You can always jump over to MediaHub and check it out there.
- Tags:
- Lecture
Log in to post comments
Embed
Copy the following code into your page
HTML
<div style="padding-top: 56.25%; overflow: hidden; position:relative; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1;"> <iframe style="bottom: 0; left: 0; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; border: 0; height: 100%; width: 100%;" src="https://mediahub.unl.edu/media/16527?format=iframe&autoplay=0" title="Video Player: Jes Thompson: 2021 Great Plains conference" allowfullscreen ></iframe> </div>
Comments
0 Comments