Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks Program: A Secondary Assessment of Nutrition Incentive Program User Frequency and Retailer Transactions

Brianna Juma Author

04/04/2021 Added

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Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks is a fruit and vegetable incentive program for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) users. This secondary assessment examined customer survey data, user frequency, and transaction data spanning three years.

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[00:00:00.770]Hello, my name is Brianna Juma.
[00:00:03.480]I am a senior Nutrition Health Sciences major
[00:00:05.520]and I will be graduating this May.
[00:00:07.570]My presentation is titled, "Nebraska Double
[00:00:10.340]Up Food Bucks Program:
[00:00:11.750]A Secondary Assessment of Nutrition Incentive Program
[00:00:14.440]User Frequency and Retailer Transactions"
[00:00:17.670]These first few slides will provide context to
[00:00:19.570]better understand the basis of my research.
[00:00:22.530]Fruits and vegetables are important
[00:00:23.950]for chronic disease prevention, proper development
[00:00:26.280]and overall well-being. In the U.S., in Nebraska,
[00:00:29.240]however, less than 12% of adults meet
[00:00:32.010]the recommended intake of fresh fruits and vegetables.
[00:00:34.790]For lower income and food insecure populations,
[00:00:37.130]these numbers are even lower due to
[00:00:38.870]environmental and financial barriers, of cost being
[00:00:41.650]the top reason people report
[00:00:43.390]for not purchasing fresh produce.
[00:00:46.470]Food insecurity and poverty therefore, are associated
[00:00:48.860]with poor dietary quality, negative health outcomes.
[00:00:52.580]The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
[00:00:54.810]or "SNAP", formerly known as Food Stamps
[00:00:57.370]addresses the gap in food affordability
[00:00:59.610]by providing monthly financial benefits
[00:01:01.480]through an electronic benefit transfer card
[00:01:04.050]which works at similar - similarly to a debit card.
[00:01:07.070]SNAP is proven to have a strong anti-poverty effect.
[00:01:10.220]However, SNAP alone often is not enough to
[00:01:12.291]completely eliminate food insecurity.
[00:01:15.340]The Double Up Food Bucks Program aims therefore, to reduce
[00:01:17.820]this barrier even further by driving SNAP purchases
[00:01:20.970]toward healthier food.
[00:01:23.250]Double Up Food Bo- In Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks Program,
[00:01:26.430]double SNAP purchases on fresh fruits and vegetables
[00:01:29.110]and participa- in participating locations up to $20 a day.
[00:01:33.880]This program has been operating
[00:01:34.990]since 2016 in farmer's markets, local grocery stores
[00:01:38.290]and community supported agriculture programs
[00:01:40.500]in Omaha and Lincoln.
[00:01:42.600]As of 2020, over 2,500 families have spent $220,000
[00:01:46.896]on produce using Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks.
[00:01:51.540]The Double Up Food Bucks Program does not only benefit
[00:01:54.530]SNAP users, but also supports local farmers,
[00:01:57.540]and keeps money in participating States,
[00:02:00.340]strengthening the local economy.
[00:02:03.870]The specific objectives of my study are to first,
[00:02:07.290]assess customer survey data and explore associations
[00:02:10.520]with the demographic, programmatic,
[00:02:12.630]and food frequency questionnaires.
[00:02:14.650]Second, to examine customer transaction data
[00:02:17.140]in participating food
[00:02:18.330]retailers by identifying different
[00:02:19.810]frequencies of users, from "high-level users"
[00:02:22.500]to one-time customers.
[00:02:24.440]Third, to document and track errors in
[00:02:26.217]the data collection at the retailer level in order
[00:02:29.240]to make recommendations for future
[00:02:30.720]in-store employee training.
[00:02:33.900]This study was a secondary analysis of data
[00:02:36.230]collected from 2017 to 2019. It included customer surveys
[00:02:40.470]conducted by extension employees at farmer's markets
[00:02:43.040]and grocery stores.
[00:02:45.080]This study also included SNAP and Double Up Food Bucks
[00:02:47.917]transaction data, encompassing 4600 transactions.
[00:02:52.260]From this data, a goal of 4000 transactions
[00:02:55.290]met the inclusion criteria for evaluating
[00:02:58.240]program frequency. These transactions represented
[00:03:02.150]a little- slightly over 1600 unique customers.
[00:03:06.150]All transactions, including the exclusive cases,
[00:03:09.260]were used for error analysis. All the data were
[00:03:12.433]organized and examined in Excel and um, collation analysis
[00:03:17.950]was conducted using IBM SPSS.
[00:03:22.140]Because two of my objectives focus on transaction data,
[00:03:24.970]I will outline a process of collecting this data along
[00:03:27.780]with distribution Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks benefits.
[00:03:31.360]At the farmer's market and grocery store,
[00:03:33.160]staff recorded the dollar amount of fresh produce purchased
[00:03:36.005]by the set customer, the amount of incentive they received.
[00:03:40.128]The last 5 digits of their EBT card number, the serial
[00:03:43.920]numbers are check numbers given to the customer, and
[00:03:46.570]they notate if they were aiming EBT customer
[00:03:48.740]at the site.
[00:03:50.180]Examples of the notated receipt in a farmer's market log
[00:03:53.060]can be seen on the side.
[00:03:55.760]Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks earned from the customer
[00:03:58.640]can now be used at any participating site, to that
[00:04:01.060]purchase of more fruits and vegetables.
[00:04:05.310]The survey data revealed that survey respondents
[00:04:07.870]are mostly female, white, and food insecure, with
[00:04:11.317]and average age of 44 years.
[00:04:14.150]Length of SNAP usage has positively correlated with
[00:04:17.070]the length of Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks used,
[00:04:19.510]age, and self-perceived health status.
[00:04:22.240]Self-reported median fruit intake of 1.22 times per day
[00:04:26.610]and the median vegetable intake was reported at an
[00:04:28.790]average of 1.62 times per day, which is up or slightly
[00:04:32.440]higher than the median intake for the average Nebraskan.
[00:04:36.050]Additionally, daily vegetable and fruit frequency intake
[00:04:39.760]are positively correlated with the length of
[00:04:42.160]Nebraska Double Up Program use.
[00:04:46.150]This table represents user frequency data
[00:04:48.390]and spending statistics, which has been
[00:04:50.810]divided in to six categories, however, I will
[00:04:53.530]highlight um, data from the least and most
[00:04:56.390]frequent user groups.
[00:04:59.090]Those using the program once accounted for 64%
[00:05:01.960]of all users. The top user frequency group,
[00:05:05.480]or those that use the program eleven of more times
[00:05:08.480]accounted for only 3% of users. This 3% however,
[00:05:13.530]accounted for nearly the same $200 spent and
[00:05:16.950]at Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks benefits received,
[00:05:19.880]um, as the 64% of one-time users as you can see from these
[00:05:23.370]circled values.
[00:05:25.995]And breaking down by average individual benefits,
[00:05:28.430]users in the top, um, category received over
[00:05:32.227]$250 more in benefits.
[00:05:35.970]This pie chart represents the prevalence of errors
[00:05:38.350]in recorded retailer transaction data.
[00:05:41.210]Most transactions were error-free but over the
[00:05:43.450]most frequent error included check-related issues.
[00:05:47.410]This ranged from providing the wrong number of checks
[00:05:50.000]to incorrectly listing check numbers, and not
[00:05:52.720]listing the check numbers at all.
[00:05:55.300]Incorrectly recorded EBT was the next most prevalent error.
[00:05:59.940]There was marked with an asterisk on this list
[00:06:02.090]indicate criteria that, um, exclusion criteria
[00:06:06.210]for the previous table's evaluation
[00:06:10.610]These results have a wide variety
[00:06:11.960]of potential implications.
[00:06:14.150]Let's break down the major takeaways.
[00:06:16.200]The survey demographics differ from SNAP, and SNAP
[00:06:18.720]demo- (pause, sigh) from SNAP demographics
[00:06:20.770]in the Lincoln and Omaha area.
[00:06:23.250]This might indicate the need to investigate
[00:06:25.080]different marketing-marketing
[00:06:26.340]or survey strategies to have a more representative survey.
[00:06:30.450]Additionally, finding-findings of positive correlations
[00:06:34.040]between the Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks, um,
[00:06:37.030]user and fruit and vegetable intake might indicate
[00:06:39.670]that the program is achieving what it's intended to.
[00:06:42.500]Although data from these first two bullets is promising
[00:06:45.320]because this was in relatively small sample size,
[00:06:47.680]we can not generalize these findings to all users.
[00:06:50.770]However, we hope these associations remain,
[00:06:53.050]following required a larger sample size data
[00:06:55.717]collection that will happen over the next three years.
[00:06:58.670]We found a small percentage of users accounted
[00:07:00.920]for in major portion of Double Up Food Bucks
[00:07:02.750]spending in by receiving.
[00:07:04.870]This emphasizes the need to follow
[00:07:06.940]up with users in the top-using group
[00:07:08.627]and the lowest-using group
[00:07:09.589]in order to identify potential barriers
[00:07:12.820]and facilitators to program use. For the quality of data
[00:07:16.167]therefore, can help maximize the impact of this program.
[00:07:20.260]Lastly, knowledge
[00:07:21.560]of the prevalent errors in data collection
[00:07:24.290]can help further inform future employee trainings.
[00:07:28.140]Um- this will be especially useful as
[00:07:29.960]Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks
[00:07:31.340]plans to expand to all locations across Nebraska,
[00:07:34.400]through USDA funding mechanism called the
[00:07:36.407]"Gus Schumer Nutrition Incentive Program".
[00:07:40.470]I would like to thank my mentors, um
[00:07:43.280]Dr. Lisa Franzen-Castle, Vanessa Wielenga, whose feedback,
[00:07:47.690]knowledge and support as a vital
[00:07:49.590]to the success of this project.
[00:07:51.560]On the side, you can see funding information
[00:07:53.653]and contact information
[00:07:55.470]for the program director of Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks.
[00:07:59.070]Here are my references, and thank you very much.

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Nebraska Double Up Food Bucks Program: A Secondary Assessment of Nutrition Incentive Program User Frequency and Retailer Transactions

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