Part 3 - 2020 Winter Wheat Variety Tour for South Central Nebraska: Long-term checks and experimental varieties

Nathan Mueler Author

07/10/2020 Added

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Part 3: Long-term references and experimental varieties. Nathan Mueller and Todd Whitney, Nebraska Extension Cropping Systems Educators, discuss winter wheat varieties being evaluated in the UNL State Variety Trials in south central Nebraska

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[00:00:05.770]Thanks for rejoining us.
[00:00:07.170]This is Nathan Mueller, Cropping Systems Extension Educator
[00:00:10.530]at Saline, Jefferson, and Cage Counties.
[00:00:12.450]I've Todd Whitney joining me from Boulder
[00:00:15.210]and she's the Cropping Systems Educator located
[00:00:18.850]in the Holdrege.
[00:00:20.060]And what counties do you cover again Todd?
[00:00:23.960]Phelps, Harlan, Furnas, and Gosper Counties.
[00:00:26.870]Great, so we're on the third video in this virtual
[00:00:31.110]varieties trial presentation of the three variety trials
[00:00:35.670]in South Central Nebraska here in 2020.
[00:00:37.970]We already kind of gave you an introduction
[00:00:39.863]of things to look at in terms of
[00:00:42.030]the importance of variety selection,
[00:00:43.380]some of the traits to look for,
[00:00:45.210]where you can find past yield results,
[00:00:47.880]analysis you can do.
[00:00:49.410]A little bit of background we were engaged about Jefferson
[00:00:51.800]and Harlan County plots we already went through them.
[00:00:54.190]In the second video, the commercial varieties,
[00:00:56.860]and on the third video here we're gonna look at
[00:00:58.980]the long term checks at or what I call references.
[00:01:01.880]And so we just have a couple here
[00:01:03.260]and then we'll talk about briefly about
[00:01:05.130]the experimental varieties that the UNL Breeding Program
[00:01:07.910]also has in the variety trial.
[00:01:09.870]So first up, we have three entries as long term checks.
[00:01:18.170]The first one is Scout 66 released a selection
[00:01:22.280]from the original Scout released in 1967.
[00:01:25.600]It's a long term check.
[00:01:27.010]At the time, which is really interesting,
[00:01:29.320]it was considered short variety,
[00:01:32.480]it is now would be considered tall.
[00:01:34.940]It was released for good straw strength,
[00:01:37.072]by today's standards,
[00:01:38.360]it wouldn't be have good straw strength,
[00:01:40.000]but in 1967, it was both of those.
[00:01:43.150]Definitely released for its good winter hardiness
[00:01:45.340]across the region.
[00:01:46.230]It was marketed Todd, actually for South East,
[00:01:49.390]South Central, West Central Nebraska.
[00:01:52.130]So it was more uniform in height, maturity
[00:01:55.190]and end use quality than Scout.
[00:01:56.790]So this is a long term check that they have in here,
[00:02:00.060]both for disease ranking but also for genetic gain
[00:02:04.840]in terms of breeding to look at where we were at
[00:02:07.810]and where we've come in terms of yield improvements
[00:02:10.950]through variety selection and breeding programs.
[00:02:14.540]Anything about this variety Todd?
[00:02:17.060]Well we ever need the market for making wheat forward
[00:02:21.028]out of it or something like that
[00:02:23.867]and it still has that height too
[00:02:25.900]like you said it's surprising how tall it is.
[00:02:29.220]But it's one that hasn't been a great year over
[00:02:32.800]as far as production,
[00:02:34.460]but it does give us kind of a baseline at this on the back
[00:02:37.470]that there's been some great improvements
[00:02:40.700]for improved varieties.
[00:02:44.340]Next one, Turkey Red or Red Turkey,
[00:02:48.520]or I just call it Turkey.
[00:02:50.090]As a long term check.
[00:02:51.310]It was actually brought to the Great Plains to Kansas
[00:02:55.410]in 1870s.
[00:02:57.290]It was looked at in the Ag Experiment Station in Nebraska
[00:03:02.310]in the 1800s.
[00:03:04.340]Already for variety testing there
[00:03:06.670]compared to other varieties.
[00:03:09.085]The varieties tested before 1902,
[00:03:13.790]by the Ag Experiment Station.
[00:03:15.300]This predates Nebraska extension Todd in 1902.
[00:03:18.910]It was the best yielding,
[00:03:20.410]had the best winter hardiness in quality
[00:03:23.340]in the variety testing that Ag Experiment Station
[00:03:25.950]did at UNL in the late 1800s, early 1900s.
[00:03:29.620]You look back at planting records,
[00:03:31.650]in 1919 83% of the wheat acreages in Nebraska
[00:03:35.880]were planted to Turkey.
[00:03:37.980]So historic long term check,
[00:03:40.380]they actually keep the wheat seed from these plots
[00:03:43.750]to replant for next year.
[00:03:46.210]Obviously tall variety in here for again,
[00:03:49.100]a long term check.
[00:03:50.580]That's located at every single variety trial
[00:03:52.850]across Nebraska and so is Scout.
[00:03:58.406]Not a uniform wheat.
[00:03:59.320]I mean there's differences in height on it
[00:04:01.870]and it's overly hot, tall you know that way.
[00:04:05.770]Like some have said it was originally brought over
[00:04:08.250]as the hard red winter wheat,
[00:04:09.730]I think by immigrants would have brought over
[00:04:12.720]a hard white winter wheat we'd probably be growing those now
[00:04:15.810]from the red ones.
[00:04:16.643]But it it definitely has a lot of history to it
[00:04:20.040]and gives us an idea of how far we've come on breeding.
[00:04:26.786]And the next one, what I would call more of a reference
[00:04:30.590]than a check, long term check but a reference
[00:04:33.890]at the time Wesley was released in 1999.
[00:04:36.510]You can actually still get a certified seed
[00:04:38.460]I know it's still planted under pivots in Nebraska.
[00:04:43.030]It was released for its early maturity at the time,
[00:04:45.460]short height, excellent straw strength
[00:04:47.180]and good winter hardiness.
[00:04:48.870]Actually released by USDA ARS in Nebraska and South Dakota.
[00:04:53.390]So again, a lot of history with this variety.
[00:04:55.440]It was one of the more planted varieties in the early 2000s.
[00:04:58.770]Not on too many acreas now.
[00:05:00.610]They haven't been in the variety trials
[00:05:02.710]the past one or two years.
[00:05:04.060]I think they've added it back now,
[00:05:06.570]to all the variety trials across the state.
[00:05:08.550]It's kind of a newer, long term check
[00:05:11.650]if that makes sense Todd.
[00:05:14.290]Back in the early 2000s while I was in Kansas,
[00:05:17.900]Cobra Bilbo, Kansas, Wesley was
[00:05:20.320]the top yielding variety at that time.
[00:05:23.010]And that year, it topped it out
[00:05:25.300]because it was kind of one of those extended yield periods.
[00:05:29.510]And so it was one of those that perform well,
[00:05:33.640]is coming from Nebraska
[00:05:34.817]and is an excellent yield at that time.
[00:05:38.330]But there's just been so many other improvements
[00:05:40.810]since that's development that it has some history.
[00:05:46.060]That wraps up kind of our reference our checks.
[00:05:48.160]We have six experimental varieties
[00:05:50.610]in the South Central trials this year
[00:05:53.070]from the University of Nebraska Breeding Program.
[00:05:55.710]There is not any experimental varieties
[00:05:58.260]from private industry this year.
[00:05:59.710]As far as I'm aware this is the...
[00:06:02.090]Just from the UNL Breeding Program.
[00:06:05.000]This is a picture of Nebraska 14434, in Harlan County.
[00:06:10.550]We'll talk a little bit about this one.
[00:06:11.840]If you look at the numbering system,
[00:06:13.870]14 is kind of the year in the program
[00:06:18.110]so as the numbers get larger,
[00:06:19.510]the varieties are essentially newer
[00:06:21.350]in terms of the breeding timeline.
[00:06:23.050]So this would be the oldest experimental line
[00:06:27.260]that's in the variety trials.
[00:06:28.400]The Pedigree is a South Dakota,
[00:06:31.340]a white wheat, NW stands for white and Freeman,
[00:06:35.670]in terms of its genetic background,
[00:06:37.540]even though it is a hard red winter wheat.
[00:06:40.520]It has excellent winter hardiness,
[00:06:42.070]moderate resistant to leaf rust.
[00:06:44.670]When we had bacterial leaf streak in 2018,
[00:06:48.910]out in West Central, in Nebraska,
[00:06:51.170]Stephen Wegulo did some ratings in this top the chart
[00:06:55.050]for bacterial leaf streak resistance,
[00:06:57.380]actually better than Overland
[00:06:58.790]and Overland and well for bacterial leaf streaks,
[00:07:01.190]so this is definitely one.
[00:07:02.880]I know people in South Dakota have definitely
[00:07:05.020]had problems with bacteria leaf streak more so than we have
[00:07:07.850]and actually is more adapted in terms of its maturity
[00:07:11.260]and placement for Nebraska and South Dakota
[00:07:13.260]according to Steve Benzinger that you and I
[00:07:14.750]know wheat breeder is.
[00:07:15.880]Medium maturity and medium to tall height.
[00:07:23.680]Yeah, I don't have much more to add other
[00:07:25.250]than I do think it would definitely be better
[00:07:28.040]than Overload now, if you planted it,
[00:07:30.810]whether it's gonna be the best pick of the varieties,
[00:07:33.710]we'll just have to wait and see.
[00:07:36.470]Next experimental variety.
[00:07:38.270]I don't have much to share on this one.
[00:07:40.460]It is a Nebraska Kansas State background for genetics.
[00:07:46.380]It is a newer one so we don't have
[00:07:47.810]as much information on it.
[00:07:49.240]Just to let everybody know Steve Benzinger
[00:07:51.290]and myself and Steven Wedulo
[00:07:53.260]did a virtual tour for the Eastern Nebraska Trials
[00:07:57.100]which is Lancaster, Saunders County and Washington County
[00:08:00.860]in Lancaster County over about a week ago.
[00:08:04.100]And that was recorded with a camera out in the field
[00:08:07.520]by the Agronomy Department
[00:08:08.670]and Steve did go and present
[00:08:11.190]on each of these experimental varieties
[00:08:14.290]which he'd be the best person to do that
[00:08:16.020]since these are his lines.
[00:08:17.810]So I do encourage people willing to this
[00:08:19.610]when we post this on on our website links
[00:08:22.060]to those videos of each one of these experimentals
[00:08:25.260]if you wanna learn a little bit more about them.
[00:08:30.310]Next one would be one of the newer ones
[00:08:32.860]for the hard red winter wheats.
[00:08:34.150]It's Nebraska 16562,
[00:08:37.620]it's got a West bred experimental line crossed with Camelot.
[00:08:43.780]So interesting genetic background there
[00:08:47.440]between red spread and Camelot and Nebraska variety.
[00:08:50.210]Resistant to Hessian fly
[00:08:51.800]and moderately resistant to leaf rust
[00:08:53.730]are some of the initial assessments.
[00:08:55.690]And through the wheat breeding program,
[00:08:57.100]again, you can learn more about this
[00:08:59.630]on some videos that Stephen Benzinger will be sharing
[00:09:02.150]on each of these experiments.
[00:09:04.350]Anything else on this one Todd?
[00:09:06.320]I don't have anything more to add on.
[00:09:07.443]I think it's got good prospects.
[00:09:10.750]Okay, the next one is another experimental
[00:09:13.020]also called Talon.
[00:09:14.540]It's not officially released yet
[00:09:17.790]but it still has a name
[00:09:19.020]that kind of is in between in terms of where they're at
[00:09:22.470]for release and market on this.
[00:09:24.330]It is a two-gene Clearfield variety. It is a softer wheat.
[00:09:30.120]So if you look at test weights
[00:09:32.080]or quality testing for milling and baking,
[00:09:34.600]it probably will fall into the soft wheat side.
[00:09:37.350]Moderately resistant to stripe rust,
[00:09:39.010]so this variety is gonna need a niche market.
[00:09:42.042]It looks...
[00:09:44.080]Yields have been good again,
[00:09:46.180]with both its Clearfield trait
[00:09:49.490]and the softer wheat is something they're still trying
[00:09:52.310]to figure out placement and market for this variety.
[00:09:55.460]But it has been in the variety trials for a couple years
[00:09:57.340]and done pretty well.
[00:09:59.017]Having been in the top yielding of our variety blog,
[00:10:02.780]it just like you said, from the marketing standpoint,
[00:10:06.670]what you saw is going to be a little bit harder
[00:10:08.743]to know exactly (indistinct)
[00:10:14.600]Okay, next experimental NW means white wheat.
[00:10:17.130]So this is a hard right wheat variety.
[00:10:19.610]It's a Nebraska Kansas background.
[00:10:21.980]It has good yield potential, good winter hardiness,
[00:10:24.660]good disease resistant package, looks pretty sharp.
[00:10:27.420]Obviously once this is released,
[00:10:29.700]you'd have to have a known buyer since it's a white wheat.
[00:10:33.230]In my opinion, if this had been a hard red winter wheat,
[00:10:36.810]it would have already been released
[00:10:38.610]and available for growers.
[00:10:39.890]It's done really well in terms of yield
[00:10:42.130]and it's disease resistant package.
[00:10:43.680]But it's a white wheat, so that's kind of where we're at
[00:10:46.910]in this variety so we'll see what happens
[00:10:49.440]with this white wheat moving forward.
[00:10:53.060]And Nathan, ancestors that have brought over
[00:10:57.360]the white winter wheat to start with
[00:10:59.470]I don't think it would be having any problem
[00:11:02.160]with the parasite just be growing
[00:11:03.600]is that it's not and so it's harder (indistinct)
[00:11:15.004]but people have to be aware of.
[00:11:18.870]Ones of the last ones here.
[00:11:21.320]NW15443, another hard white winter wheat.
[00:11:26.210]It's Oregon, Nebraska white wheat background.
[00:11:30.800]Again you would need to have a known buyer
[00:11:32.370]once this is released.
[00:11:33.340]So this is a newer than the previous
[00:11:36.270]hard white winter wheat.
[00:11:37.150]So I don't know as much about this again,
[00:11:38.510]Steve Benzinger did talk about it
[00:11:41.070]and so we will share those videos.
[00:11:45.030]With that, that kind of wraps up
[00:11:46.440]Todd our talk about
[00:11:47.870]the 2020 South Central Winter Wheat Variety Plots.
[00:11:52.130]Again, we had those in Jefferson County, Clay County
[00:11:54.617]and Harlan County this year.
[00:11:57.880]Go back and watch the videos, this is the third video,
[00:12:00.180]just realized there's a video two and a video one.
[00:12:03.410]My Local website focusing on winter wheat
[00:12:05.620]kind of in South East, South Central Nebraska
[00:12:07.950]is croptechcafe.org/winterwheat.
[00:12:10.590]I've lots of information there.
[00:12:12.230]You can also get ahold of me on Twitter.
[00:12:14.320]My email is nathan.mueller@unl.edu.
[00:12:17.340]Todd's is todd.whitney@unl.edu.
[00:12:21.530]So just thank you, Todd, for your time this morning,
[00:12:24.120]stepping through these variety trials.
[00:12:26.100]This is something we'll probably do moving forward,
[00:12:28.660]not just due to COVID-19,
[00:12:30.260]but we do realize you as growers and agronomist,
[00:12:32.920]a lot of our field days in the past.
[00:12:34.340]If you didn't make the field day or the evening tour,
[00:12:36.730]you missed it,
[00:12:38.110]this is an opportunity, I think to do that in the future,
[00:12:40.550]hopefully moving forward
[00:12:41.383]but also do this type of presentation.
[00:12:43.610]For those of you that were maybe busy spraying
[00:12:46.010]or out in corn and soybean fields at this time of year.
[00:12:50.010]Anything else to wrap up Todd?
[00:12:52.301]I just wanted to really thank all the operators
[00:12:54.620]across the state for plots
[00:12:57.480]locally Kary Roland has been very good very faithful
[00:13:00.750]and very geared.
[00:13:01.583]And so we just wanna thank everyone
[00:13:03.390]for helping make this successful.
[00:13:05.490]I really appreciate Nathan's leadership
[00:13:08.200]moving us forward on this as well.
[00:13:09.900]So hope that your harvest season goes well.
[00:13:15.180]Thank you, everybody.

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Part 3 - 2020 Winter Wheat Variety Tour for South Central Nebraska: Long-term checks and experimental varieties

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