Part 1 - 2020 Winter Wheat Variety Tour for South Central Nebraska: Introduction and overview

Nathan Mueller Author

07/10/2020 Added

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Part 1: Introduction and overview. Nathan Mueller and Todd Whitney, Nebraska Extension Cropping Systems Extension Educators, discuss winter wheat varieties being evaluated in the UNL State Variety Trials in south central Nebraska

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[00:00:20.640]Well good morning everybody,
[00:00:21.730]this is Nathan Mueller, Cropping Systems Extension Educator
[00:00:25.730]for Saline, Jefferson, and Gage County.
[00:00:29.210]And we're gonna go over the Winter Wheat Variety Tour here
[00:00:34.290]from our offices for South Central Nebraska.
[00:00:38.850]Joining me today is Todd Whitney,
[00:00:40.420]Cropping System Extension Educator.
[00:00:42.730]Todd, why don't you go ahead and introduce yourself too.
[00:00:45.749]Well, thank you, yeah, Todd Whitney,
[00:00:46.582]I'm based in Holdrege, but I have accountability
[00:00:49.190]to Phelps, Harlan, Furnas, and Gosper counties.
[00:00:54.230]Okay, we're gonna go ahead and hop in.
[00:00:57.250]We'll give a brief overview here
[00:01:01.500]and then we'll kind of split this into segments,
[00:01:03.250]so when you're watching this we'll probably split this
[00:01:06.370]into shorter videos, so just be aware there will be several
[00:01:08.690]of these posted or available for you as growers
[00:01:11.370]and agronomists to watch.
[00:01:13.640]A little bit about changes in the variety testing program.
[00:01:16.880]We'll cover that in terms of a map and some reorganizations
[00:01:20.900]in where our testing locations are at
[00:01:22.390]and how they're grouped.
[00:01:23.630]The importance of variety selection traits and adaptability,
[00:01:26.120]we'll talk about that for South Central Nebraska.
[00:01:29.090]We'll specifically go over and overview of Jefferson
[00:01:31.380]and Harlan County, which are our local testing sites
[00:01:35.270]for Todd and I.
[00:01:36.700]And then a review of the varieties entered in the trials
[00:01:38.770]here in 2020.
[00:01:39.710]So we'll split that up into commercial varieties,
[00:01:42.000]long-term references/checks,
[00:01:43.780]and then UNL experimental varieties into blocks
[00:01:47.130]and we'll go through it that way.
[00:01:50.867]For 2020, the variety testing locations are highlighted
[00:01:55.890]on this map in purple.
[00:01:57.150]So their bottom center is Harlan County, in purple.
[00:02:01.540]In the middle is Clay County
[00:02:03.850]at our Clay Center South Central Ag Lab.
[00:02:06.690]And then in Jefferson County, where I'm located,
[00:02:10.330]in Saline, Jefferson, and Gage counties.
[00:02:11.790]So when you see this map, we do have testing regions.
[00:02:14.190]These did get reorganized in 2020,
[00:02:16.190]Cody Creech and Amanda Easterly and Brian Maust are running
[00:02:19.540]the variety trials statewide.
[00:02:23.650]In the past Jefferson County, highlighted here in purple
[00:02:27.470]right down here, was actually grouped
[00:02:29.310]with Lancaster, Saunders, and Washington County.
[00:02:33.820]Clay County was analyzed by itself
[00:02:37.030]and then Harlan County, in the past years,
[00:02:40.810]were actually lumped in with West Central.
[00:02:42.830]We'll talk about why this got kind of reorganized
[00:02:44.524]and split on a map here.
[00:02:46.500]So when companies entered varieties,
[00:02:49.420]they entered them in essentially their varieties
[00:02:51.770]in all three locations.
[00:02:53.230]Here, so we have 34 varieties for South Central.
[00:02:56.250]For example, in Eastern Nebraska, the east,
[00:02:58.960]there was 24 and vice versa.
[00:03:00.900]You can look at the results coming up this year's analysis
[00:03:03.830]and where testing locations were for each of these.
[00:03:06.390]And there is actually irrigated site
[00:03:08.530]in Panhandle and West Central as well.
[00:03:14.080]So I just want to acknowledge some of the contributors.
[00:03:16.570]Nebraska Wheat Board for their partnership
[00:03:19.020]on variety testing and promotion of, obviously,
[00:03:21.410]wheat and checkoff dollars that go to fund wheat research
[00:03:24.932]at University of Nebraska.
[00:03:27.190]In the Agronomy Department,
[00:03:28.660]Cody Creech is the Cropping Systems Extension Specialist
[00:03:33.470]located in the Panhandle.
[00:03:34.690]Amanda Easterly, a professor there helping him
[00:03:38.800]with the variety testing.
[00:03:39.670]And then Brian Maust, who I work with here
[00:03:42.210]in East Nebraska is a technician located in Eastern Nebraska
[00:03:45.600]out of Lincoln doing the planting and harvesting,
[00:03:48.290]the variety trials here.
[00:03:50.600]There is that partnership
[00:03:51.640]with the Winter Wheat Breeding Program,
[00:03:53.750]so they also help deliver a plant and harvest some
[00:03:57.520]of these variety trials.
[00:03:58.920]Our cooperators,
[00:04:00.790]Mark Knobel is a grower in Jefferson County,
[00:04:03.960]also a representative on Nebraska Wheat Board.
[00:04:06.160]So that's our location at his farm in Jefferson County.
[00:04:09.610]We're at the South Central Ag Lab,
[00:04:11.944]and the UNL Breeding Program helps with that
[00:04:13.580]variety trial location at Clay County,
[00:04:16.080]and then Todd, I'd let you talk a little bit
[00:04:17.640]about your location there in Harlan County.
[00:04:20.410]Yeah, in Harlan County Terry Woollen,
[00:04:22.510]we appreciate him.
[00:04:23.910]He's a cooperator just north of Alma, Nebraska.
[00:04:28.470]This is his third year.
[00:04:30.440]Three years ago we had significant hail go through
[00:04:32.990]and effect the crop.
[00:04:34.140]Last year, his crop averaged over 100 bushels an acre.
[00:04:39.020]We had an excellent year.
[00:04:40.410]This year, we've had to go through a little bit
[00:04:43.070]to get a little bit on some frost injury,
[00:04:46.680]had a little bit of barley yellow dwarf come in,
[00:04:48.590]but we're still hopeful that things will do well.
[00:04:52.790]And so that'll come in too, we are just short
[00:04:56.530]of having a three year average.
[00:04:57.900]We were hoping we would, but with that hail then
[00:05:00.210]in 2018, we'll probably need another year
[00:05:02.870]if we're gonna get that three year average.
[00:05:06.950]Todd and I again, are local cropping systems
[00:05:09.180]extension educators, for those of you who aren't aware,
[00:05:11.790]across the state of Nebraska Extension Educators
[00:05:15.490]cover multiple counties for crops and the same
[00:05:17.410]thing happens for other program areas for beef,
[00:05:20.250]food and nutrition, health, learning child and for age.
[00:05:24.500]And so Todd has four counties, I have three counties.
[00:05:28.380]Some of our colleagues that are in this south central
[00:05:30.350]region also are Michael Sindelar, he's located
[00:05:33.060]out of Clay County.
[00:05:34.680]Ron Seymour, he's located in Hastings.
[00:05:38.140]Sarah Sivits is located up in Lexington
[00:05:41.660]and then Todd's there in Holdrege.
[00:05:43.940]So these are some of the cropping systems educators.
[00:05:46.190]You can go to our directory at extension .unl.edu
[00:05:50.370]and find out who your local cropping systems
[00:05:52.490]extension educator is across the state,
[00:05:54.740]even if you're not located here
[00:05:56.838]in south central Nebraska.
[00:05:59.580]So little bit about management factors for wheat
[00:06:01.990]in south central Nebraska and eastern Nebraska.
[00:06:10.580]I always like to talk about this, whether it's corn,
[00:06:12.510]soybean, winter wheat or anything, variety selection
[00:06:14.860]in south central and eastern Nebraska based on
[00:06:17.330]variety trial results for commercially available
[00:06:20.640]and varieties tested in the variety trails,
[00:06:23.400]UNL variety trails third-party, there's an 18
[00:06:26.000]bushel spread on average across years and locations.
[00:06:29.500]So it's a driving factor in terms of yield
[00:06:32.910]that you see at harvest
[00:06:34.550]and how you manage those varieties foliar fungicide
[00:06:37.420]because of disease pressure that occurs pretty
[00:06:40.440]regularly in south central and eastern Nebraska.
[00:06:42.410]16 bushel difference some years between with and
[00:06:45.860]without a fungicide.
[00:06:47.180]Row spacing, we don't have a row spacing study here,
[00:06:49.880]but this was actually done in eastern Kansas
[00:06:52.130]by Doug Shoup looking at row spacing and found
[00:06:55.050]a 16 bushel difference between seven and a half
[00:06:57.300]and 15 and so we know there's some differences on that.
[00:07:00.990]Manage at planting date, obviously we like to plant
[00:07:05.360]early October for a lot of regions, but that
[00:07:08.170]doesn't always happen, specifically south central
[00:07:10.160]and eastern Nebraska where we're planting after soybeans.
[00:07:12.710]We're at the mercy of mother nature on maturity
[00:07:15.840]and rainfall when we get those beans out
[00:07:18.520]and when we can get the wheat planted
[00:07:19.790]and then seeding rate can obviously effect things.
[00:07:21.840]So you just look at all the regular routine management
[00:07:24.280]decisions you make as a wheat producer
[00:07:26.460]and variety selection is often at the top of that list
[00:07:29.720]and a very important step to start off the year right.
[00:07:35.140]So again, here's a three year average.
[00:07:37.700]Todd already mentioned a three year average
[00:07:39.460]or wanting to get a three year average at Alma
[00:07:41.470]and that's very important you realize no two
[00:07:43.440]years are the same in terms of agronomic challenges
[00:07:45.990]for a crop and in terms of interactions with management
[00:07:49.870]practices, so if you can use multiyear and multi-location
[00:07:54.000]averages, that's gonna get you at the yield stability
[00:07:56.580]of those varieties and performance across years.
[00:07:58.980]And so we'll talk about some of those variabilities,
[00:08:02.300]last year verus this year.
[00:08:04.070]But again, here's your significant yield difference
[00:08:06.890]between Camelot and WestBred Grainfield
[00:08:09.300]over a three-year average,
[00:08:10.970]taking 11-bushel difference to say it's due to the variety,
[00:08:13.700]and there's more than 11-bushel difference here.
[00:08:16.160]You can get past results for UNL variety trials
[00:08:19.160]at our cropwatch, that UNL website.
[00:08:21.210]That's our statewide agronomy website.
[00:08:23.410]Another great tool is actually
[00:08:24.940]the Colorado Wheat Variety Database,
[00:08:26.560]and we're not in Colorado,
[00:08:27.590]but each state contributes their data to this database.
[00:08:32.820]You can actually run analysis
[00:08:35.170]for variety trial performance across sub-regions.
[00:08:38.250]So if you're interested in how varieties did
[00:08:40.120]in South-Central Nebraska and North-Central Kansas,
[00:08:43.570]you can actually click on those two sub-regions.
[00:08:46.030]It'll find the common varieties
[00:08:47.237]and essentially run some statistical analysis
[00:08:49.590]to say what was the best performing varieties
[00:08:52.220]over multiple years, multiple locations
[00:08:54.250]for North-Central and South,
[00:08:55.900]North-Central Kansas, South-Central Nebraska.
[00:08:58.360]Same thing true here being
[00:08:59.930]on the eastern side for Jefferson county.
[00:09:02.240]I'll probably look at analysis both for Southeast
[00:09:04.590]and South-Central when I run some analysis
[00:09:07.200]and probably even North-Central Kansas.
[00:09:08.840]So again, that's a really handy tool,
[00:09:10.680]and I'll show you what that tool can do here.
[00:09:15.910]A little bit about the breakup,
[00:09:17.110]we did reorganize, and I'll have Todd speak to this.
[00:09:19.800]But in Nebraska, we have a lot of eco-regions
[00:09:23.040]or variability in soils and weather across the state.
[00:09:26.670]And so we tried to regroup things here.
[00:09:29.700]And for the eastern trials, remember,
[00:09:31.800]if I showed you Lancaster County here,
[00:09:35.350]Saunders County, and Washington County.
[00:09:37.150]So that's in our Udic, or higher-moisture regime.
[00:09:40.110]We slide over here to the west,
[00:09:41.620]and we look at our soil moisture regime,
[00:09:44.130]in Jefferson County and Clay County,
[00:09:45.730]we're in that Udic-Ustic,
[00:09:47.180]so a little bit different environment.
[00:09:48.480]Then we slide over to where Todd's at,
[00:09:49.880]and I'll let Todd talk about kinda where he's at
[00:09:53.120]in transition of cropping systems.
[00:09:55.390]But here in definitely the eastern side
[00:09:57.580]of this South-Central region,
[00:09:59.120]it's wheat after soybeans.
[00:10:01.180]We're in 25 to 30 inches of rainfall.
[00:10:04.000]But I'll let Todd speak to kind of where he's at
[00:10:05.860]in transition in terms of cropping systems.
[00:10:09.090]Yeah, as far as when we think about Harlan County,
[00:10:12.450]the number of acres of wheat that would be
[00:10:14.980]in the rain-fed was more around 6,000 last year.
[00:10:19.520]Previous to having Terry Woodland as our cooperator
[00:10:22.510]when we were over in Furnas County,
[00:10:25.700]Rex McClellan had some variety plots over there
[00:10:28.670]for a couple years.
[00:10:29.970]There was more like 17,000 fallow acres,
[00:10:32.830]or I should say rain-fed acres
[00:10:34.880]over in the neighboring county west.
[00:10:37.630]And so we're right on that transition zone
[00:10:40.060]of where we get some change happening,
[00:10:42.560]where the rainfall gets a little bit more,
[00:10:45.960]we get a little more corn in some of the rotation.
[00:10:49.480]Like for this year's plot, Terry had it following a corn,
[00:10:55.010]a field, and so we have some of those rotations
[00:10:57.620]that come into play that way.
[00:10:59.710]There's also a little more oats
[00:11:01.240]as we start getting in our region and east,
[00:11:04.860]and oats can be a vector for the bird cherry-oat aphids
[00:11:10.230]that carry the barley yellow dwarf.
[00:11:12.750]And so we think that could have been some
[00:11:14.780]of contributing factor in our region this year.
[00:11:18.410]There was a spot, fields that had some barley yellow dwarf.
[00:11:21.540]But as far as how our systems look,
[00:11:26.090]we're largely in an irrigated region,
[00:11:29.610]but as you start getting into the Harlan area,
[00:11:33.210]there's a little less assurity
[00:11:35.820]of having good water depth in some locations,
[00:11:38.300]so there's a little more rain-fed there.
[00:11:40.010]But we're right on that border
[00:11:42.150]where the Monument variety did really well.
[00:11:46.270]We were over in the Furnas County area.
[00:11:49.610]It doesn't perform quite the same when it gets
[00:11:52.310]into our region in the Harlan County area,
[00:11:54.870]but it's still good variety.
[00:11:58.050]Okay.
[00:12:01.030]So, talk a little bit about local adaptability
[00:12:03.590]in South Central Nebraska.
[00:12:05.500]For the most part, it's winter wheat after soybeans.
[00:12:07.660]We do have a little bit of winter wheat after corn follow
[00:12:10.680]and after corn, but for the most part following soybeans.
[00:12:14.280]So, typically what that means,
[00:12:15.670]it's planted a little bit later than ideal.
[00:12:18.520]We don't have that luxury of after corn follow.
[00:12:21.030]For example, this year at Harlan County
[00:12:22.980]where you're able to get in there a little bit sooner
[00:12:24.980]if soil and moisture conditions are right.
[00:12:27.430]And so when we're talking about late planted after soybeans
[00:12:30.730]some traits to consider in wheat varieties,
[00:12:33.320]one is maturity.
[00:12:35.270]We know we're gonna be late and it's not a one-to-one.
[00:12:37.470]You might plant 30 days later,
[00:12:39.670]and that means 10 days later to harvest.
[00:12:41.630]It's not a one-to-one ratio, but there is some delay there.
[00:12:44.830]So early to medium maturity.
[00:12:47.280]Height, because of our moisture some years,
[00:12:50.130]we do get quite a bit of height on our varieties,
[00:12:52.210]and as things get taller,
[00:12:53.260]lodging and standability can become an issue.
[00:12:56.320]So we are looking for above average straw strength.
[00:12:59.150]In terms of drought tolerance,
[00:13:00.490]good to moderately good for drought tolerance
[00:13:02.460]because a lot of the acres,
[00:13:04.320]we have both irrigated and rain-fed acres.
[00:13:07.700]So not quite as a high a priority
[00:13:09.500]as West Central and the Panhandle, but still important.
[00:13:12.580]And then spring tillering ability,
[00:13:14.030]we'll talk a little bit about that today.
[00:13:15.580]We don't have a lot of ratings on varieties,
[00:13:17.950]but I think that bears out on late-planted plots,
[00:13:20.980]what we see for yield.
[00:13:22.000]But if you have late-planted wheat that mostly
[00:13:24.780]just comes up or emerges in the fall,
[00:13:26.560]all of its tillering is really occurring in the spring.
[00:13:29.430]And so, it is important that we have genetics
[00:13:31.790]and varieties that can spring tiller
[00:13:33.410]and produce productive tillers and heads.
[00:13:36.560]So that's a trait that can be beneficial some years.
[00:13:39.110]In terms of disease, what I would consider Tier 1
[00:13:42.060]or frequent diseases that growers deal with
[00:13:44.300]or that are really important when it comes
[00:13:45.840]to variety selection, stripe rust, and leaf rust both.
[00:13:49.480]Leaf rust is pretty prevalent
[00:13:51.060]in Eastern Nebraska and South Central.
[00:13:53.010]As we move west, it's less of an issue
[00:13:56.090]just because that's all peat and moisture driven.
[00:13:58.510]Soilborne mosaic virus is something
[00:14:01.990]that we definitely wanna look out for both
[00:14:04.160]in Central and Eastern Kansas
[00:14:05.940]as well as South Central and Eastern Nebraska.
[00:14:08.650]That's related to soil drainage.
[00:14:11.580]So that's something that you can find
[00:14:13.720]in terms of variety resistance.
[00:14:15.210]Tier 2 is barley yellow dwarf, which Todd mentioned.
[00:14:20.240]That barley yellow dwarf is another virus.
[00:14:22.090]Septoria, which is one of the fungal leaf spots early.
[00:14:26.420]Fustarium head blight and then spindle streak mosaic.
[00:14:29.620]For the most part, wheat streak mosaic in the region is,
[00:14:32.280]it's fairly low unless there's due to hail storms,
[00:14:35.540]maybe a little bit higher chance.
[00:14:36.780]But again, that wheat streak mosaic virus is definitely
[00:14:40.500]a problem as you move further west into Southwest,
[00:14:42.650]West Central, and the Panhandle, and Nebraska.
[00:14:45.880]So again, the eliminating factors due to diseases
[00:14:49.430]and pressures aren't the same across the state,
[00:14:51.340]and so we will kinda focus a little bit more
[00:14:53.560]on this set of diseases than we will on,
[00:14:56.130]let's say wheat streak or wheat stem sawfly or solid stems.
[00:15:00.160]Is it something that is currently something
[00:15:02.620]that is high on the list for variety selection?
[00:15:07.240]So that Colorado database,
[00:15:08.630]you can do a head-to-head comparisons.
[00:15:10.120]I wanna compare two varieties, let's say,
[00:15:12.060]for making decisions.
[00:15:13.020]So let's say I run for the Panhandle.
[00:15:15.080]I wanna compare SY Wolf from Syngenta AgriPro
[00:15:18.900]compared to Wolf from UNL.
[00:15:20.520]And if you look at the results here,
[00:15:22.465]Ruth out-yielded Wolf by seven bushels
[00:15:26.900]and that's statistically significant in the Panhandle
[00:15:29.610]and in test weight not a significant difference,
[00:15:31.690]but numerically an advantage in test weight to Ruth.
[00:15:35.090]So you're just looking at this head-to-head comparison
[00:15:37.120]across all the locations over multiple years
[00:15:39.110]in the Panhandle and rain-fed acres.
[00:15:41.340]Looks like Ruth would be the way to go.
[00:15:43.690]You look, now run this same analysis
[00:15:45.400]for the same two varieties for our South Central
[00:15:47.350]and Southeast variety testing locations in Nebraska
[00:15:51.080]and you see a flip.
[00:15:52.260]Now you see Wolf numerically higher for yield
[00:15:55.120]and numerically higher for test weight.
[00:15:57.980]And so it's a little less clear
[00:15:59.540]what variety you'd plant here edging towards Wolf.
[00:16:02.520]But this just goes to show you
[00:16:03.890]how important local adaptability is
[00:16:05.730]and why we have variety testing locations
[00:16:08.260]spread across the state
[00:16:10.150]to pick up on these local performance differences.
[00:16:12.340]Wheats, white corn, and soya beans
[00:16:14.330]but even more so have quite a bit of local adaptability
[00:16:17.610]in performance.
[00:16:18.500]In Kansas you'll hear a lot about varieties
[00:16:21.130]being tolerant or more resistant to acid soils.
[00:16:25.810]In our neck of the woods that's low PH soils
[00:16:28.410]isn't much of an issue.
[00:16:31.060]And so again that's not a trait
[00:16:32.730]that we're necessarily looking for
[00:16:34.660]or heavily considering in terms of variety selection.
[00:16:40.620]So we'll talk a little bit about Jefferson County.
[00:16:44.640]Conditions,
[00:16:45.473]not much fall growth it was planted late in October
[00:16:49.260]after soya beans.
[00:16:50.910]We had an early warm up in March and greenup
[00:16:53.930]followed by April freeze where we down at 12 degrees.
[00:16:57.610]15 degrees three different nights
[00:17:00.220]spreading kind of from April 6th to the 13th.
[00:17:02.440]So we did lose.
[00:17:03.273]So we're on the tethering phase at the time
[00:17:04.610]so we didn't have much dead damage obviously,
[00:17:06.920]but we did lose some tillers.
[00:17:08.640]It was abnormally dry in May,
[00:17:10.800]not Mary.
[00:17:11.920]And abnormally hot during June,
[00:17:14.780]actually we're second hottest June on record
[00:17:17.320]since the late 1800's here
[00:17:19.590]kind of in the Jefferson County area.
[00:17:21.510]Wheat is shorter than normal,
[00:17:22.620]probably about eight inches shorter than normal.
[00:17:25.080]In the trial,
[00:17:25.940]this trial is sprayed with a fungicide
[00:17:28.270]at early vegetative flag leaf and at flowering.
[00:17:30.840]So a pretty aggressive fungicide program.
[00:17:33.330]So the main disease this year
[00:17:34.460]is barley yellow dwarf virus that's in the trial.
[00:17:37.330]Again this was planted end of October
[00:17:40.720]after soya beans into good moisture.
[00:17:42.450]110 pounds of 10-34-0 was put on at planting.
[00:17:46.400]100 pounds at N and 8.5 pounds of sulfur
[00:17:49.020]were applied at spring greenup.
[00:17:50.520]And then we had both the Harmony Extra
[00:17:52.770]for herbicide program and three fungicide applications.
[00:17:56.140]And so in the past this variety trial has yielded very high
[00:18:00.680]under these management practices.
[00:18:02.430]Here's some pictures of the 2020 trials.
[00:18:04.970]Both facing east and facing west here in Jefferson County,
[00:18:09.360]located just east of highway 15 North of Fairbury.
[00:18:15.970]Here is the variety trial results from 2019.
[00:18:18.270]These are the results that Amanda Easterly
[00:18:19.970]and Cody Creech run and put out
[00:18:23.000]for growers to decide on the variety trial.
[00:18:25.230]Results into selecting varieties
[00:18:26.610]but we can see we range from almost 115 bushel
[00:18:30.230]for commercial variety down to our long term checks
[00:18:33.070]of Turkey and scout at 78 and 83.
[00:18:35.940]So very good last year that we don't expect to see
[00:18:38.550]these types of yields this year with the stress.
[00:18:41.820]But that's why no two years are the same
[00:18:44.160]and so we'll see how the ranking in multi year history
[00:18:46.710]looks at for variety trial performance in Jefferson County.
[00:18:51.050]I'll turn it over to Todd
[00:18:52.140]to talk about Harlan County Winter Wheat Variety Trial.
[00:18:55.880]Yeah so Harlan County.
[00:18:57.950]We wanna give some background about the conditions
[00:18:59.980]similar to what has just been described by Nathan.
[00:19:03.110]We had some early warmth and greenup,
[00:19:05.000]followed by the April freeze around that tillering phase.
[00:19:11.570]It set back some of the variety plot
[00:19:13.850]but they've recovered really well.
[00:19:15.940]We were abnormally dry in May
[00:19:18.670]and then we had some abnormal heat that came in.
[00:19:22.560]Now the good point about the heat
[00:19:24.810]was we've noted our first stripe grass
[00:19:27.960]Was coming into the plot on June the 6th
[00:19:30.260]saw it on the (inaudible)
[00:19:32.580]Been kind of monitoring it,
[00:19:33.900]because we've had that heat
[00:19:35.040]it's held back the fungus development
[00:19:37.530]and so I guess there's been some positives.
[00:19:39.730]But generally it hurts yield
[00:19:42.150]when we get too much heat early on.
[00:19:44.850]Cause generally we don't want it to get above 85 degrees
[00:19:47.270]if we're gonna have those high yield like we did last year.
[00:19:51.260]As far as the management,
[00:19:52.700]it was drilled no-till on September 23rd,
[00:19:56.250]so we were a little bit earlier
[00:19:58.070]than say some of the surrounding fields,
[00:19:59.770]may have been we had a little more susceptibility
[00:20:02.530]to some barley yellow dwarf.
[00:20:04.430]But overall, it seemed like that we needed to have
[00:20:07.960]as much growth as we could
[00:20:09.670]'cause everything was a little bit delayed
[00:20:11.370]on getting good canopying for what we normally would see.
[00:20:15.750]But it was after corn fallow.
[00:20:17.980]I had some moderate moisture.
[00:20:21.100]Terry has good nutrient levels on his fields
[00:20:24.450]so we didn't need as much fertilizer.
[00:20:26.820]30 pounds of nitrogen,
[00:20:28.640]30 pounds of phosphorus, 15 sulfur,
[00:20:31.380]and then about three quarter pound of zinc before planning,
[00:20:35.600]and then 55 pounds again in the spring greenup.
[00:20:38.880]And then his system for controlling weeds,
[00:20:42.921]put on 10 ounces of 240 amine
[00:20:45.720]and then a half ounce of Aim.
[00:20:54.100]Overall this is a little bit of a overview
[00:20:57.290]of shot that (indistinct)
[00:21:00.650]and you can see that we had pretty good recovery
[00:21:04.350]even though we had some of the setback
[00:21:06.100]on the freezing effects.
[00:21:08.410]We have had some setback of some of the varieties
[00:21:12.670]on the degree of septoria was really prevalent.
[00:21:17.730]We've had a lot of that in a lot of locations this year.
[00:21:21.360]We don't think it'll have a huge impact on yield,
[00:21:24.000]but it definitely has been there on the leaves
[00:21:27.690]most of this spring.
[00:21:29.340]We have seen a little bit more
[00:21:30.810]of the barley yellow dwarf,
[00:21:32.643]yellow-looking with some of the red tinge on the leaves.
[00:21:36.727]And there's a little bit, not much,
[00:21:38.880]but occasionally you can kinda see some of the heads
[00:21:41.220]that have had a little bit of the stem maggot
[00:21:43.670]and some of those issues come in.
[00:21:45.670]But from a yield perspective,
[00:21:47.710]it will be probably non-significant,
[00:21:51.080]but we do have a little bit of that in the plots.
[00:21:57.510]And this gives you a little bit of an overview.
[00:21:59.690]Again, we were blessed
[00:22:01.190]with some really high yields last year.
[00:22:04.640]Most all the varieties performed well.
[00:22:06.870]But you'll note, like,
[00:22:08.460]as mentioned by Nathan,
[00:22:10.000]that the original turkey that was brought in,
[00:22:14.070]the turkey red and the scout
[00:22:17.390]that are really tall wheat varieties,
[00:22:20.210]they didn't perform half as well
[00:22:23.320]as some of our other varieties in the plot.
[00:22:25.800]There are some differences, though,
[00:22:27.310]about some of the varieties,
[00:22:29.560]like you mentioned,
[00:22:31.600]the grain field did real well in the Harmon plot
[00:22:36.400]is in the upper dozen of varieties,
[00:22:39.660]but if you get over to maybe the eastern part
[00:22:42.960]maybe doesn't perform quite as well as you go.
[00:22:45.370]And so it's bred more for our region here.
[00:22:49.110]But you'll notice that the WestBred 4462
[00:22:52.900]did extremely well last year,
[00:22:54.560]and we'll go through some of those varieties
[00:22:56.170]of the experimentals.
[00:22:57.627]We've had some good success that way, too.
[00:23:01.020]That second one down is actually Talon.
[00:23:03.660]They've named it a variety.
[00:23:05.750]And so we're kind of hopeful that Talon is gonna be
[00:23:09.360]a really good one, you know,
[00:23:11.190]in our variety plot this year, too.
[00:23:16.740]Okay, we're gonna go ahead
[00:23:18.390]and stop the recording for this first introduction
[00:23:21.400]to the variety trials in South Central Nebraska.
[00:23:24.530]Todd and I will rejoin you as we start to talk about
[00:23:29.110]the commercial varieties variety by variety.
[00:23:31.720]So I'm going to go ahead and stop sharing my screen
[00:23:34.110]and end the recording.

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Part 1 - 2020 Winter Wheat Variety Tour for South Central Nebraska: Introduction and overview

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