Wood Destroying Insects - recertification

Nebraska Extension Author

09/25/2019 Added

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This video supplements information for recertification in Category 08W, Wood Destroying Organisms.

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[00:00:00.426](gentle electronic music)
[00:00:20.310]Hello, I am Frank Bright, Extension Assistant
[00:00:22.660]for the Pesticide Safety Education Program
[00:00:24.331]at Nebraska Extension.
[00:00:26.660]Welcome to the recertification category OAW,
[00:00:29.620]wood destroying organisms.
[00:00:31.490]This training will help you with dealing
[00:00:32.587]with wood destroying organisms
[00:00:34.422]and some of the situations that they can create.
[00:00:37.940]When dealing with wood destroying organisms,
[00:00:39.614]there are many situations you will have to explain.
[00:00:42.650]You will have to explain situations
[00:00:43.726]that create the environment for them to thrive,
[00:00:46.930]and as well as being able to help
[00:00:48.950]the client resolve the situation.
[00:00:51.270]Through this training Jody Green will
[00:00:52.750]give information about these situations
[00:00:53.810]and advice on how to educate and assist your clients.
[00:00:58.730]We will cover topics of termites, building construction,
[00:01:02.710]type of treatments, calibration,
[00:01:05.020]and other wood destroying insects.
[00:01:07.093](gentle electronic music)
[00:01:19.620]Hi, my name's Jody Green.
[00:01:20.903]I am an Extension Educator with Nebraska Extension
[00:01:23.600]in Lancaster county, and today I'm going
[00:01:25.910]to talk to you about termites.
[00:01:27.650]So this map is the distribution of termites
[00:01:30.304]in the United States.
[00:01:32.130]And termites are located everywhere on continental U.S.,
[00:01:37.010]but you can see that they're highly concentrated
[00:01:38.887]in the Southern regions and coastal regions.
[00:01:42.500]And you can see that Nebraska has
[00:01:44.150]a variety of slight to moderate to heavy termite,
[00:01:48.350]and that just really depends on where you are.
[00:01:50.610]In nature, they are beneficial insects breaking
[00:01:53.880]down cellulose for us, all our twigs and leaves
[00:01:57.371]and things like that, but when they get
[00:01:59.476]into our homes they are nasty pests.
[00:02:03.190]Termites are a social insect,
[00:02:05.750]and they are actually a eusocial insect
[00:02:07.620]which means they are the highest form in sociality.
[00:02:10.800]So they live in the soil, and they eat wood,
[00:02:13.635]but they have this caste system.
[00:02:17.200]So there are a lot of adults living together,
[00:02:18.899]and they all collectively take care of their brood
[00:02:21.885]and the juveniles.
[00:02:23.280]So even though some of them are not reproductive,
[00:02:27.110]so they're not the egg layer,
[00:02:28.437]the whole entire colony works
[00:02:31.340]as a superorganism to take care of that entire colony.
[00:02:35.000]There are overlapping generations,
[00:02:36.530]and they have specific jobs,
[00:02:38.230]so that's what each caste member has a role to play.
[00:02:42.290]So we will talk about how the differences
[00:02:46.540]between termites and ants because
[00:02:48.070]this sometimes can be confusing
[00:02:49.900]for homeowners and sometimes pest management professionals.
[00:02:53.340]And because insects have different life cycles,
[00:02:56.840]sometimes we may be seeing them as workers,
[00:03:00.050]sometimes we may be seeing them as reproductives,
[00:03:02.210]and it's good to identify what we're actually seeing.
[00:03:06.160]The reason why workers of termites and ants may
[00:03:09.500]get confusing is because they similarly
[00:03:12.312]live in the soil, and they will swarm in a certain time,
[00:03:17.230]and sometimes they have dark bodies,
[00:03:19.040]and sometimes each of them will have wings.
[00:03:20.610]So it's pretty normal to get confused,
[00:03:23.226]and so we will talk about it.
[00:03:25.030]You can see in this slide, one's a worker termite,
[00:03:27.900]and we don't see these very often.
[00:03:30.120]They're very soft-bodied and white creamy colored.
[00:03:33.040]And then on the other one, it's an ant,
[00:03:35.480]and you can see those segmented body parts.
[00:03:38.020]But when it gets very confusing is
[00:03:39.650]when they are alates or swarmers.
[00:03:42.060]So the reproductive flying kind, it gets confusing.
[00:03:45.940]People wanna know if it's termites
[00:03:47.850]because they are really damaging to structures,
[00:03:50.790]or if they're carpenter ants which is
[00:03:52.200]also another type of wood destroying organism.
[00:03:55.010]But the difference between ants and termites,
[00:03:58.088]really you just need to look closely,
[00:04:01.230]get a magnifiying glass.
[00:04:02.870]But if you see elbowed antennae,
[00:04:06.150]so if they're like this, that's going to be an ant.
[00:04:09.350]Also ants have that segmented body,
[00:04:11.420]so you can kinda see a waist.
[00:04:13.500]And termites don't, they're very cylindrical,
[00:04:15.740]they're very broad waist.
[00:04:17.860]And then also if they've got their wings on them,
[00:04:20.639]then they've got two pairs of wings each,
[00:04:23.680]but the ant have really larger forewings
[00:04:27.643]than they have hind wings.
[00:04:29.070]And on a termite they actually have
[00:04:30.990]four equal wings.
[00:04:32.400]And it was actually just, I guess, discovered
[00:04:35.966]through phylogeny and genetics
[00:04:37.986]that termites are actually a social cockroach,
[00:04:41.770]so that's a fun fact.
[00:04:43.330]They are no longer in their own order.
[00:04:44.810]They are in the order of cockroaches.
[00:04:46.835]So the workers are rarely seen,
[00:04:50.350]and this is because they live underground.
[00:04:51.968]They are very soft bodied, and if you see
[00:04:56.230]one out in the open it's probably not
[00:04:57.840]gonna live very long, they will easily desiccate.
[00:05:00.580]They travel inside the wood and inside mud tubes.
[00:05:04.590]Their responsibilities are building mud tubes,
[00:05:09.530]constructing those, maintaining the nest,
[00:05:11.149]feeding and grooming the other caste members
[00:05:14.050]because a lot of them can't feed themselves
[00:05:16.762]or do that for themselves.
[00:05:18.370]And they also forage for food, so they're the ones
[00:05:20.330]that actually do a lot of the damage.
[00:05:22.920]Soldiers, well, they're there to be
[00:05:24.880]tough and protect the colony against predators.
[00:05:27.540]They've got a very enlarged head capsule
[00:05:30.040]with really big jaws or mandibles.
[00:05:33.360]And you'll see them in times of a disturbance.
[00:05:35.970]So let's just say you open up the nest
[00:05:37.920]or you lift up log, you'll see them ready to fight.
[00:05:42.030]They cannot feed themselves even with those big jaws,
[00:05:44.540]so they do rely on the workers to feed them.
[00:05:47.785]Then we've got the swarmers or reproductives.
[00:05:50.835]These are the primary reproductives,
[00:05:52.887]and when we think of a termite queen,
[00:05:55.009]this is what she may start off as.
[00:05:58.210]In Nebraska, they swarm in April or May.
[00:06:01.780]You'll see them with their wings,
[00:06:03.547]and they do have eyes.
[00:06:05.310]So the other termites actually don't have eyes
[00:06:07.340]because they have no reason, they have
[00:06:09.500]nothing to look at really cause
[00:06:10.750]they're underground and hidden.
[00:06:12.410]But these guys are not very good fliers,
[00:06:14.747]and sometimes you'll see them caught in the structure.
[00:06:18.240]So they're not really getting anywhere very far,
[00:06:20.959]but when they do find a mate, they will mate
[00:06:25.340]and try to find a new place to have a nest.
[00:06:27.230]They will lose their wings,
[00:06:28.310]and they become dealates, and then that's
[00:06:30.410]when they actually kinda look more like ants.
[00:06:34.350]There are other, I guess, nest mates
[00:06:37.728]that aren't necessarily primary reproductives,
[00:06:40.530]but they're supplementary.
[00:06:42.020]So sometimes you'll see a colony,
[00:06:44.530]but you've never had a swarm,
[00:06:45.990]and that's just because there are
[00:06:48.950]other termites that can produce eggs
[00:06:51.349]which is very strange, but this happens.
[00:06:54.084]This is the, I guess, the life cycle of a termite,
[00:06:59.400]and it can get very confusing.
[00:07:00.860]And it's very difficult for scientists
[00:07:02.298]because we can't see them
[00:07:04.010]cause they're normally underground.
[00:07:05.560]But instead of a normal, I guess, life cycle
[00:07:08.055]where it goes egg, nymph, adult
[00:07:10.920]like most incomplete metamorphisizing insects,
[00:07:15.460]they actually have a larva which is
[00:07:17.790]an immature worker.
[00:07:19.620]They've got workers, they've got nymphs.
[00:07:21.581]Sometimes the worker will molt into a soldier,
[00:07:25.230]and that's a terminal caste.
[00:07:26.460]If it's the soldier it's gonna stay that way.
[00:07:28.254]But a worker and a nymph can go back and forth
[00:07:30.889]through regressive molts, and sometimes
[00:07:32.863]they do go up that path to get
[00:07:35.360]to that primary reproductive stage.
[00:07:37.390]And otherwise they take a different path
[00:07:38.963]and they can become a supplementary reproductive
[00:07:41.141]and produce eggs.
[00:07:42.500]And so that's why colonies can grow
[00:07:44.310]without you ever seeing a queen.
[00:07:48.560]So this is what it looks like in nature when termites swarm.
[00:07:51.605]We're not really alerted to it too much.
[00:07:54.720]Maybe if it's windy and they blow onto our car
[00:07:56.930]or something, we'll see them.
[00:07:58.260]But normally this is what they're doing.
[00:07:59.710]So swarming is when they are finding each other,
[00:08:02.595]the same species, and, I guess, sharing genes
[00:08:09.689]and starting new colonies.
[00:08:11.360]So this is how they grow.
[00:08:12.440]This is how they reproduce.
[00:08:14.710]And then this is what a bunch of workers look like.
[00:08:17.110]There is a lot of different castes in this picture.
[00:08:19.940]You can see some of the young larvae.
[00:08:22.319]You can see workers, soldiers,
[00:08:24.350]and there are still a couple of reproductives
[00:08:26.520]in there too with wings.
[00:08:29.360]So because they're social insects
[00:08:31.830]they need to communicate with each other,
[00:08:33.300]and one way they do that is a process called trophallaxis.
[00:08:36.600]Trophallaxis is the sharing of bodily fluids.
[00:08:38.993]Sounds a little gross, but in these fluids are
[00:08:42.150]chemical messages.
[00:08:43.090]So this could either be by mouth transfer,
[00:08:47.260]so that's called stomadeal.
[00:08:48.777]And it also can be from anus to mouth
[00:08:51.124]and that's called proctodeal.
[00:08:52.930]And why this is so important is
[00:08:55.610]because termites can digest cellulose,
[00:08:58.053]and they do that with the help of microorganisms
[00:09:00.783]in their gut.
[00:09:02.680]But when insects molt, and when termites molt
[00:09:05.900]to grow, they actually shed that hind gut,
[00:09:08.170]and they shed all those microorganisms,
[00:09:09.840]so they need to reinnoculate themselves.
[00:09:11.900]So this is life for them.
[00:09:13.438]And so if you see this happening
[00:09:15.093]they are sharing information.
[00:09:17.460]They're communicating with each other, trophallaxis.
[00:09:21.300]So one of the things, well, we talked about,
[00:09:24.532]termites really need moisture.
[00:09:27.850]They need to be protected so they don't desiccate.
[00:09:30.600]So they need cellulose as food,
[00:09:32.800]and they need at least a 15% moisture.
[00:09:35.490]And they do that by maintaining,
[00:09:37.458]like if there's wood on soil contact,
[00:09:40.993]that allows that moisture to be transferred,
[00:09:43.900]they can actually move moisture from the ground upward.
[00:09:45.834]And when it comes to temperature,
[00:09:47.749]they like warmer temperatures as you saw
[00:09:50.240]in the distribution map.
[00:09:51.547]They're not as active in colder temperatures,
[00:09:54.107]and higher temperatures increase that life cycle.
[00:10:00.310]So cellulose is the most abundant material on the earth,
[00:10:07.100]so this is dead plant material, firewood.
[00:10:09.710]It could be cardboard, even the paper in the drywall,
[00:10:13.120]cotton, linen.
[00:10:14.390]There are so many things made of cellulose,
[00:10:16.040]so even if we don't have wood necessarily
[00:10:18.770]or tree stumps around, termites will find something to eat.
[00:10:21.628]And the pictures on the screen are just pictures of damage.
[00:10:27.724]And on the other side of that piece of wood
[00:10:30.630]or that cardboard box it looks perfectly untouched.
[00:10:34.300]You just know that there's damage
[00:10:35.700]when you pick it up or you flip it over
[00:10:37.550]and you see the termites there.
[00:10:40.110]Termites will build these mud tubes
[00:10:42.950]to shelter themselves, we could
[00:10:44.550]also call them shelter tubes.
[00:10:46.000]So they build these to have that perfect environment
[00:10:50.120]that they could survive.
[00:10:51.280]And so they use wood and soil and debris
[00:10:54.184]and saliva and fecal matter to make these tunnels
[00:10:57.140]so they can travel into.
[00:10:58.430]And that's how they can move that moisture upward.
[00:11:01.624]So if it's an active mud tube, you can
[00:11:04.810]break it open, and you'll see workers
[00:11:07.620]start coming to fix it, and you'll also
[00:11:09.970]sometimes see soldier heads coming out
[00:11:11.690]to protect the workers and the colony.
[00:11:14.294]Some mud tubes can be there for many years but not active,
[00:11:18.233]but active ones will be like a darker color,
[00:11:22.570]and you'll have active termites walking up and down.
[00:11:25.200]And so they don't necessarily need wood or cellulose,
[00:11:29.602]they just need to build those tunnels
[00:11:31.560]over top of whatever it is.
[00:11:33.400]So they can build that over metal,
[00:11:34.810]they build that over foundation block
[00:11:36.384]to get to the wood that they need to go into.
[00:11:39.110]So they can be pretty cryptic and pretty sneaky.
[00:11:41.042]So as mentioned, they do swarm in May around here usually.
[00:11:47.780]They're most active in spring and summer when it's warm.
[00:11:50.920]They're least active in the winter,
[00:11:53.260]so December to February we get very few calls
[00:11:56.650]unless people are doing renovations
[00:11:58.190]and discover a termite infestation.
[00:12:00.850]But since we have heated homes,
[00:12:02.429]they're pretty active year round
[00:12:04.250]if they're in our heated structures.
[00:12:07.250]So people wanna know sometimes how they get into our homes.
[00:12:11.712]And, well, termites will forage around,
[00:12:14.578]so they are a little bit like a wheel.
[00:12:19.140]So it's like a radial foraging, so it's kinda random,
[00:12:22.700]but they really know how to explore their environment
[00:12:26.681]to find some kind of cellulose.
[00:12:28.933]And they can enter a building through a crack,
[00:12:33.129]as small as like, I don't know, there's a debate over,
[00:12:36.710]it's one over 64 of an inch or 1/32 of an inch.
[00:12:41.270]But either way, it's a very small crack in the slab,
[00:12:43.720]and if they're in the soil underneath,
[00:12:45.390]they can definitely come up that crack
[00:12:47.280]and get into your structure.
[00:12:48.940]And sometimes when we've got lumber and frames
[00:12:53.620]on our slab, there's penetrations and cracks
[00:12:57.191]and things like that and termites can easily get in.
[00:13:00.065]So when termites feed on wood,
[00:13:03.016]they actually feed with the grain.
[00:13:05.578]So they prefer that spring wood
[00:13:07.860]and they leave that hardwood,
[00:13:09.390]and in the place of the wood that they've eaten,
[00:13:12.074]it's pretty much frass which looks like mud,
[00:13:14.919]so it's really caked in there.
[00:13:16.830]And so that is a prime, I guess, sign
[00:13:18.936]that termites have been eating that piece of wood
[00:13:21.500]because it's very muddy, it's very dirty.
[00:13:23.720]And you know, a lot of people wanna know
[00:13:25.689]well, how much damage can a termite colony make
[00:13:28.322]in a certain amount of time?
[00:13:30.090]And it really depends on the size of the colony,
[00:13:32.154]how long it's been there, and the species.
[00:13:36.810]In Nebraska we only have the subterranean termite is
[00:13:40.620]most often what we find, and those termites
[00:13:43.124]must have some connection with the soil,
[00:13:46.106]and that's why we can treat the soil
[00:13:48.807]and essentially get rid of that colony.
[00:13:51.780]Usually we don't have any other termites
[00:13:55.420]that we see down in the Southern places.
[00:13:58.006]So here are some pictures of damage
[00:14:02.362]from different structures.
[00:14:04.410]You can see that this is pretty heavily damaged,
[00:14:07.587]and what this is is like right under a window.
[00:14:10.796]So because they require that moisture
[00:14:13.590]sometimes termites will go right for moisture damaged wood.
[00:14:17.906]So sometimes leaky windows or skylights,
[00:14:23.620]anything that has had some issues.
[00:14:25.360]So this was probably a water damaged piece of wood
[00:14:30.476]or by that window, and so termites fed
[00:14:32.828]for probably years without ever being noticed.
[00:14:37.289]This is termite damage under just the trim
[00:14:41.900]around a window.
[00:14:43.200]And I can't remember what was happening here,
[00:14:45.266]but I think it was a leaky window from the third floor,
[00:14:48.070]and it leaked down, and this is termite damage.
[00:14:51.860]And you can see all that mud.
[00:14:53.200]Sometimes you'll just see swarmers.
[00:14:55.240]Sometimes you'll see wings in cobwebs,
[00:14:58.054]and the termite swarmers are trying to get outside,
[00:15:01.250]and they all got caught in the windowsill here.
[00:15:03.880]So this is a sign that there are termites living there
[00:15:06.190]even though you didn't know there was damage.
[00:15:08.640]These are some mud tubes.
[00:15:10.060]One's in a garage, and the mud tubes are
[00:15:12.080]extensively going around some of those joists in there,
[00:15:17.060]and this other really long one's going up just a wall.
[00:15:20.750]So you can see that sometimes you're not seeing
[00:15:24.550]the termite, but you're seeing the signs.
[00:15:26.620]The termites will also feed on the drywall paper
[00:15:29.893]right under the paint, and so sometimes
[00:15:32.500]you'll see bubbling paint or peeling wallpaper,
[00:15:34.860]and that's termite damage underneath.
[00:15:36.760]And you can tell because of that mud that's there,
[00:15:39.240]their frass left underneath.
[00:15:41.140]Sometimes you'll see a little hole.
[00:15:42.760]Termites will keep eating until they feel
[00:15:44.860]that air movement, and then they'll plug that hole
[00:15:46.673]and move down, but if you see
[00:15:48.750]a tiny little hole, like this was a hardwood floor,
[00:15:50.538]when you pull it all back, it was pretty much hollow.
[00:15:53.974]So this is damage by termites
[00:15:57.870]that you wouldn't necessarily see.
[00:15:59.944]That wood to ground contact is very important.
[00:16:06.430]90% of all termite infestations start because of that,
[00:16:10.803]and so this is wood siding all the way down
[00:16:15.720]into the mulch, so there is no gap in the foundation.
[00:16:18.620]And so there's just a lot of food there,
[00:16:20.397]and a lot of hidden places for termites to get
[00:16:22.444]from the environment into the home.
[00:16:25.820]So that's something that you want to watch for
[00:16:28.732]and the places you would look for termites.
[00:16:32.622](gentle electronic music)
[00:16:44.130]so now we're gonna talk about construction
[00:16:46.180]because it's really important to know your building
[00:16:48.011]to find out where the termites are coming from,
[00:16:51.970]or the susceptible places that termites can
[00:16:54.180]enter the building.
[00:16:55.070]And so every good building starts
[00:16:56.820]with a really strong foundation.
[00:16:58.580]And every foundation really needs footing,
[00:17:01.820]so what are footings?
[00:17:03.130]Footings are what you have under your foundation.
[00:17:05.502]So what it does, it helps transfer that load
[00:17:08.769]of that building and everything that's gonna be above
[00:17:11.920]down and into the soil.
[00:17:13.410]And it really depends on the soil type
[00:17:15.187]and how great the soil is, and how big
[00:17:20.250]or wide or deep your footing has to be.
[00:17:22.560]But it is poured concrete into these trenches
[00:17:24.950]with rebar for reinforcement.
[00:17:26.700]And so you really want a good foundation for the home.
[00:17:31.520]Next, you have your foundation built
[00:17:34.350]on top of that footing.
[00:17:35.700]And foundations can be built with many different materials.
[00:17:39.263]Nowadays we've got a lot of poured concrete.
[00:17:41.909]Sometimes it's mold, sometimes it's styrofoam
[00:17:45.518]or whatever the things they use.
[00:17:48.046]But they also can use masonry or brick
[00:17:51.678]and hollow block.
[00:17:55.270]So as you can see, all these different types
[00:17:57.730]of foundation is very important
[00:17:59.160]because with the blocks and the bricks
[00:18:00.518]there's going to be holes and hollow places
[00:18:03.306]where termites can get in through cracks
[00:18:06.030]and then also tunnel and make mud tubes
[00:18:08.960]where you can't see.
[00:18:10.140]So it's just really important to know
[00:18:12.210]the structure you're working with or inspecting
[00:18:14.509]and know that foundation.
[00:18:17.010]So we're gonna talk a little bit
[00:18:18.220]about the different types of foundation,
[00:18:19.750]and we'll start with the slab on grade.
[00:18:21.722]This is very common in Nebraska in a lot of our patios,
[00:18:27.738]in our garages, have some kind of slab on grade,
[00:18:31.320]so that's when the cement is poured
[00:18:33.960]right on top of the soil.
[00:18:36.004]So it can be very susceptible to termites
[00:18:40.260]because again, of cracking and there may
[00:18:44.030]sometimes be expansion joints built into that.
[00:18:47.060]So this is important, and also dirt filled porches are
[00:18:51.620]something you wanna look for.
[00:18:52.850]So a lot of times it's going to be above grade,
[00:18:56.766]close to structural wood, but it's gonna have
[00:18:59.926]soil in there and you can't see it.
[00:19:02.170]So that's one good tip to look at dirt filled porches,
[00:19:06.039]but let's talk about slab for a little bit.
[00:19:08.560]So I showed this picture earlier,
[00:19:10.594]but you can see this was a cardboard box
[00:19:13.120]that was actually sitting on the slab in a basement.
[00:19:16.216]And the person didn't know that they had termites,
[00:19:19.310]and they lifted up the box and everything fell out
[00:19:21.193]and they saw termites in the bottom.
[00:19:23.080]So they came up through a crack in the slab,
[00:19:26.027]and this can very commonly happen.
[00:19:28.830]These are the four main ways for slab building,
[00:19:34.970]so there's a monolithic pour which is
[00:19:37.010]like one complete full attached pour.
[00:19:41.202]It's always susceptible to cracks, but the second one
[00:19:45.640]which is a floating slab, and this happens a lot
[00:19:48.590]because it's got expansion joints there,
[00:19:50.301]termites can come up through there
[00:19:52.185]and right into the subfloor or into the wall
[00:19:55.750]without us knowing.
[00:19:56.823]So that's important to know if you've got
[00:19:59.600]that expansion joint there.
[00:20:01.060]We've also got partial supporting slab,
[00:20:03.300]so it's just resting on those stem walls.
[00:20:05.530]And then we've got the supported slab,
[00:20:07.979]so that's when the slab is resting completely
[00:20:10.443]on those stem walls.
[00:20:12.140]So what happens there is that's probably the best one
[00:20:14.618]because the termites will have to like tunnel
[00:20:21.000]through and then make a mud tunnel up
[00:20:24.330]to get into the structure.
[00:20:25.490]And so if you've got your foundation visible,
[00:20:28.014]you'll be able to see those signs.
[00:20:30.320]So that's some ways that termites can
[00:20:32.740]get into slab foundations.
[00:20:35.069]Next we're gonna talk about crawlspaces.
[00:20:37.430]So, normally, crawlspaces are kinda creepy little places
[00:20:41.680]that you can't like stand up the whole way,
[00:20:43.830]so that's why you're crawling through them.
[00:20:45.586]But sometimes there's accessibility issues,
[00:20:48.211]and a lot of people don't like going in there
[00:20:50.210]because it can be creepy and it could have
[00:20:52.100]like snakes or scorpions or wildlife
[00:20:55.050]and other things besides termites.
[00:20:57.040]But other issues, improper ventilation,
[00:21:00.120]excessive moisture and humidity
[00:21:01.690]which you know termites will like.
[00:21:03.312]So this is a big thing.
[00:21:06.180]If you know that your structure that you're inspecting
[00:21:08.312]or going to be treating is a crawlspace,
[00:21:11.080]you wanna definitely do a very good inspection
[00:21:13.351]and look at all the places.
[00:21:15.790]We do recommend that we have 18 inch clearance
[00:21:18.817]between the grade and the structural lumber
[00:21:22.534]in the crawlspace.
[00:21:24.680]So that's something that people, you would wanna look for
[00:21:28.010]and tell your client or tell someone
[00:21:29.437]that the wood is too close to the soil.
[00:21:33.650]Here is, you know, we're in a crawlspace with this guy,
[00:21:37.022]and this does not look very comfortable,
[00:21:38.791]and it's very dark, and so looking for termites
[00:21:41.760]in this situation can be a little tough
[00:21:47.113]and treating in there is even tougher,
[00:21:49.897]so that's why you want to make sure
[00:21:51.743]that you are in there looking in the right places.
[00:21:54.444]The last one we're gonna talk about is
[00:21:57.070]a basement foundation, and a lot
[00:21:58.970]of people do have basements,
[00:22:00.470]and it's great because you can stand up in there.
[00:22:03.325]But the bad thing is that we all have finished basements,
[00:22:07.260]or we've got things on the walls,
[00:22:08.634]and we have floor coverings, and so we're missing
[00:22:11.034]all those cracks, and visually we can't tell
[00:22:14.400]if there's actually termites there.
[00:22:17.140]So this is a good example of a finished basement.
[00:22:19.859]It's beautiful, it's got a lot of stuff in there.
[00:22:22.241]Do you notice it has termites?
[00:22:24.820]Right, you have to really do some digging
[00:22:26.550]and look around and it's very, very difficult
[00:22:28.514]when you've got a finished basement.
[00:22:31.080]So termite treatments though, the basic idea is
[00:22:34.163]to have this barrier.
[00:22:35.640]You want to have a barrier between the termites
[00:22:38.897]and the structure that you want to protect.
[00:22:41.580]So you want to have a thorough application,
[00:22:44.265]a uniform application, and very legal,
[00:22:47.053]so this is very important, right.
[00:22:49.643]And you want to not just kind of cover that structure,
[00:22:54.170]but any of the penetrations that are gonna be
[00:22:56.450]going through the slab into the structure,
[00:22:58.560]so those utility conduits, around the foundation,
[00:23:02.370]around that footing.
[00:23:03.836]You need to think about all the places
[00:23:05.500]that termites can come in because they're coming
[00:23:07.050]from the ground up, right, so it's always important.
[00:23:09.753]So we always have to think about that barrier.
[00:23:12.470]We want to think about a barrier
[00:23:15.010]that's gonna be not penetrable by termites.
[00:23:19.330]And there are many things that can affect
[00:23:21.195]the treatments, and one of those is soil type.
[00:23:25.126]So soils differ based on the pore space
[00:23:28.513]between the particles, and so some soils are
[00:23:31.460]gonna be a lot better for building houses,
[00:23:33.640]and a lot of soils are gonna be better for actually keeping
[00:23:35.840]that termiticide in place.
[00:23:37.670]So a termiticide is an insecticide used to kill termites,
[00:23:42.702]and if you've got something that's very sandy,
[00:23:45.530]those particles are really big, and the pore space is
[00:23:48.528]very big, and so the termiticide may
[00:23:51.020]go through too fast and not be sticky enough.
[00:23:55.376]Termiticides are formulated to bind
[00:23:56.750]very tightly to soil, so they're not water soluble,
[00:24:00.070]and that's why it could be such a good barrier.
[00:24:02.280]But you wanna make sure you're doing things right based
[00:24:06.800]on the soil and some other factors.
[00:24:09.760]But you wanna make sure that your termiticide is
[00:24:12.350]not moving when you put it down there.
[00:24:14.640]One of the ways that you can make sure it stays is
[00:24:17.556]to look at the weather and what's going on,
[00:24:20.693]and make sure you're not treating
[00:24:22.293]when the soil is frozen, when it's raining,
[00:24:25.217]when there's excessively saturated soil out there.
[00:24:30.210]You don't want anything that won't allow
[00:24:31.722]that termiticide to create that barrier.
[00:24:34.530]So that is very important.
[00:24:37.060]And then lastly, you know you think about the house
[00:24:39.640]or the structure that you're treating
[00:24:40.978]and think about the grade.
[00:24:42.740]So you want all the water to drain away
[00:24:45.025]from the foundation.
[00:24:46.550]Anything that in the environment
[00:24:50.110]that's pushing water toward the structure is
[00:24:52.043]just gonna be bad.
[00:24:53.480]It's a conducive condition for termites,
[00:24:55.840]and it's just a lot of other problems
[00:24:57.970]that you may have water in the basement,
[00:25:00.060]water on the wooden structure,
[00:25:01.710]so that's really bad too.
[00:25:02.870]And so if, for any reason, they're gonna regrade
[00:25:06.159]or someone's thinking about regrading,
[00:25:08.420]you want to do that first before you do your treatment
[00:25:11.269]because when you put your barrier down,
[00:25:13.442]if you move that soil it breaks that barrier, right,
[00:25:16.772]and that's why you don't wanna add any soil after,
[00:25:21.315]and you don't wanna take any of that treatment away.
[00:25:24.000]So very important things when it comes to treatment
[00:25:27.460]of construction and termites.
[00:25:30.579](gentle electronic music)
[00:25:42.290]So we all know the importance of reading the label.
[00:25:44.670]The label is the law,
[00:25:45.503]and a termiticide label is no different.
[00:25:47.812]And it's actually pretty important
[00:25:49.660]because there are so many different aspects
[00:25:52.072]to construction and termite treatment.
[00:25:56.300]So one of the things you wanna do is
[00:25:57.820]look for the active ingredient.
[00:25:59.470]And nowadays we do use Fiprinole quite a bit.
[00:26:03.800]We've got products and we've got generic products as well
[00:26:06.550]that's actually a non-repellent termiticide.
[00:26:09.010]But on the market, there are also repellent termiticides,
[00:26:11.803]and it's important to know the difference.
[00:26:13.300]So repellent is obviously gonna repel termites,
[00:26:16.140]and it sounds like a good idea,
[00:26:17.393]but sometimes if that's just repelling from that area,
[00:26:21.327]that means that barrier has to be very, very thorough
[00:26:24.607]and uniform.
[00:26:26.320]Non-repellent termiticides are good,
[00:26:28.176]and we use them a lot today because
[00:26:29.890]the termites can't detect that there is
[00:26:32.643]a chemical there, and they continue
[00:26:34.616]to tunnel through it, and they continue
[00:26:36.539]to pass along the insecticide to their nest mates,
[00:26:40.650]and it's very effective at killing a colony.
[00:26:44.400]There are also different ways besides liquid termiticides.
[00:26:48.520]There's also baiting systems, and there's a couple
[00:26:50.291]of those on the market as well.
[00:26:52.310]And you know the decision is really up to the homeowner
[00:26:55.180]or whoever's paying for the treatment,
[00:26:56.503]what they want, some kind of special considerations may
[00:27:02.410]only allow you to choose baiting system,
[00:27:04.577]so you just wanna be able to read the label
[00:27:07.110]and deliver why this is the best option for your client.
[00:27:11.670]And also pre-construction versus post-construction's
[00:27:15.480]very big if you are ready thinking pro-actively
[00:27:18.790]about termites and building a home,
[00:27:20.830]you know, there are a of options for pre-construction
[00:27:23.032]and it's a lot easier to treat under a slab
[00:27:26.472]when there's no slab already poured.
[00:27:28.483]Post-construction's gonna be a little more difficult,
[00:27:30.627]and it's a whole different directions for applications.
[00:27:37.430]So you'll have to look at that in the label.
[00:27:40.295]Regardless of whatever termiticide you're gonna use,
[00:27:44.386]you wanna make sure you are
[00:27:45.803]always protecting people and their pets.
[00:27:48.630]You always wanna protect the water supply.
[00:27:51.380]You never wanna puncture any HVAC systems
[00:27:53.906]or pipes, electrical, any utilities that are important.
[00:27:58.440]And I get a lot of calls about this,
[00:28:00.031]but you do not want to treat where there are edible plants,
[00:28:03.900]and where clients and people have a garden.
[00:28:05.717]So we tell people to not plant anything there
[00:28:09.610]for like 10 years right in the dripline,
[00:28:11.607]so they might have to move things.
[00:28:14.290]But you definitely want to make sure
[00:28:15.776]you are not poisoning anybody.
[00:28:19.194]So some of things that are on the label
[00:28:22.828]that I just wanna describe because
[00:28:24.339]sometimes it can be very difficult.
[00:28:26.150]Or the different types of treatments or treatment zones.
[00:28:29.130]So we've got a vertical treatment zone,
[00:28:32.320]and this is normally for pre-construction
[00:28:35.232]when there are no footers or no foundation
[00:28:39.130]or no slab poured.
[00:28:40.040]So what it is is it's a broadcast spray.
[00:28:43.030]So you would wanna use a coarse spray on low pressure,
[00:28:46.310]but you wanna do this before they pour the slab,
[00:28:48.717]and if you can, you can do that before
[00:28:51.960]they pour the footers.
[00:28:53.130]So this takes a little bit of coordination
[00:28:55.173]between yourself and the contractors
[00:28:59.707]and it will take multiple visits,
[00:29:02.150]so it's a little time consuming,
[00:29:04.490]but it's also a lot of an easier treatment.
[00:29:07.670]But that's the time where you can just do
[00:29:09.630]a broadcast spray.
[00:29:10.910]And the application rate for that is
[00:29:13.040]generally one to 1.5 gallons per 10 square feet.
[00:29:17.530]So that is what you would do, and also
[00:29:20.760]you would wanna treat around those conduits
[00:29:23.620]and anything that is gonna penetrate through the slab.
[00:29:25.871]The next one we have which most people are familiar with is
[00:29:29.674]the vertical treated zone, and so we do
[00:29:32.836]call that trench and rod, so that's when you
[00:29:36.320]dig a small trench, and most labels will say
[00:29:39.008]up to six foot wide to a depth of...
[00:29:43.220]Six inches, so six inches wide by six inches deep.
[00:29:47.260]And you do that around where there's the foundation,
[00:29:51.036]and you're gonna treat four gallons per 19 linear feet
[00:29:56.980]per depth of footer.
[00:29:58.690]And so if the footer is deeper than that
[00:30:00.770]you wanna make sure it's a minimum of four feet.
[00:30:03.150]So there's a little bit of calculations
[00:30:04.740]that we'll go through with that,
[00:30:06.490]but that's essentially what you will do
[00:30:09.307]you will take, and we'll talk about the tools later,
[00:30:12.830]but you will rod down to that depth of footer
[00:30:16.121]and then treat in the trench.
[00:30:19.930]And so that is making that barrier,
[00:30:22.410]so that's where you're creating that barrier.
[00:30:24.993]And you'll do that around the exterior,
[00:30:26.500]and you can do that in the dirt-filled porches as well.
[00:30:33.280]Another way to do a vertical treatment is
[00:30:35.290]a sub-slab injection, so if you don't have
[00:30:37.990]vegetation or grass around that side
[00:30:40.870]of the perimeter and it's all sidewalk or driveway,
[00:30:43.097]then you are gonna drill through the slab
[00:30:45.960]and apply with the tools again,
[00:30:47.952]four gallons per 10 linear feet per depth of footer.
[00:30:52.270]And those spaces are gonna be no more than 12 inches apart,
[00:30:56.068]and this is all according to the label.
[00:30:58.310]So there is a label right now that is
[00:31:01.200]like a high efficiency label,
[00:31:05.020]and so it's a little bit different,
[00:31:06.152]and so you wanna make sure to read that.
[00:31:08.550]But that one uses less water and less product
[00:31:11.800]and allows for a little more leeway.
[00:31:14.790]But you wanna make sure to read the label,
[00:31:16.464]and you want to plug those holes
[00:31:18.861]after you drill them and treat them
[00:31:22.034]with a non-cellulose material.
[00:31:24.930]And it says in places that are accessible
[00:31:27.821]that people will see.
[00:31:29.126]And it really depends if you wanna
[00:31:31.659]plug those in a crawlspace.
[00:31:33.216]But generally, if you're in a basement
[00:31:34.922]or in a garage, you're gonna plug those holes.
[00:31:38.740]For foundations that have a hollow block,
[00:31:40.759]you're also, in some treatments, going
[00:31:43.770]to drill those and treat into those,
[00:31:45.430]and it's two gallons per 10 linear feet.
[00:31:48.230]So these are, generally, what most
[00:31:51.060]of the termiticide labels will say.
[00:31:52.981]There are some special considerations
[00:31:54.890]when you've got like heating or air ducts and vents
[00:32:00.505]that you wanna avoid drilling into.
[00:32:03.686]Water and sewer lines, the electrical conduits,
[00:32:07.080]and any cisterns or wells.
[00:32:09.610]You are not able to treat within, I think,
[00:32:12.040]five feet of a cistern or well,
[00:32:14.950]so you would wanna do a treated backfill.
[00:32:17.510]And so what that consists of is
[00:32:19.110]you have a really thick plastic,
[00:32:21.113]and you remove the soil from that trench,
[00:32:26.040]so you take it away, and you treat that
[00:32:27.847]with the amount of termiticide that you need,
[00:32:31.086]stir it in really good, and then you replace that back.
[00:32:34.009]So you are having that barrier,
[00:32:36.499]but you're just not having any risk
[00:32:39.213]to those water sources.
[00:32:42.510]So that is one of the methods.
[00:32:45.423]Also, for some situations and some termiticides,
[00:32:51.200]you can use a foaming agent and turn it into a foam.
[00:32:55.160]Foams are great when you have to treat
[00:32:56.594]inside a wall void and have to go around obstacles.
[00:33:00.480]So what happens is those bubbles will evaporate and pop
[00:33:03.345]and leave that residue of that termiticide
[00:33:05.831]on the structure, and so it will affect
[00:33:08.620]the termite colony living in the walls.
[00:33:12.290]So now we'll talk about some examples
[00:33:15.383]of types of treatment because it can get
[00:33:18.170]very confusing to people because there are
[00:33:20.760]so many different variations of treatments,
[00:33:24.610]and the label outlines it all, but it does get confusing.
[00:33:26.639]So this our house, and it is an example
[00:33:31.710]that you do have in the manual,
[00:33:34.313]but this is a house that has a basement,
[00:33:37.320]that is a poured concrete foundation.
[00:33:39.411]It's got a deck that's sitting on a slab,
[00:33:43.398]and it's got a concrete porch in the front
[00:33:45.710]and a garage that is also a floating slab.
[00:33:50.000]So that means it's got an expansion joint
[00:33:52.070]all the way around it.
[00:33:53.230]So this is their house, and you can see all the green,
[00:33:55.050]it's gonna be like garden and vegetation,
[00:33:56.781]and here is a garden right here.
[00:34:01.320]So if we were gonna do, when we say
[00:34:03.230]a full and complete treatment,
[00:34:05.460]that means that you are going to have
[00:34:07.550]to trench and rod the entire exterior perimeter
[00:34:11.490]and also interior sub-slab areas
[00:34:16.380]or if they have a crawlspace,
[00:34:17.433]which this one doesn't have,
[00:34:19.066]you would have to treat those.
[00:34:20.736]So in this situation, all the brown lines are
[00:34:24.190]going to be the trench and rod,
[00:34:25.996]and all the places that have those little gray dots,
[00:34:30.320]those are gonna be all drill holes,
[00:34:31.977]and those are gonna be treated.
[00:34:33.670]So you can see that there's gonna be
[00:34:37.300]these treatments every 12 inches, so every foot.
[00:34:41.340]And so this is a full and complete treatment.
[00:34:45.280]And so if you're following that label rate,
[00:34:48.050]that's what you're gonna want to adjust
[00:34:50.070]your calculations for.
[00:34:52.330]Some labels will allow an exterior perimeter only,
[00:34:56.100]and so, that's if you see the difference
[00:34:58.410]between that, see all those drill holes in the basement
[00:35:01.860]of the interior and in the garage.
[00:35:04.179]But what the NDA considers this to be
[00:35:07.163]an exterior wall, so this shared wall
[00:35:09.740]between the garage and the home that is
[00:35:12.194]considered like an exterior perimeter wall,
[00:35:15.850]so that one needs to be treated.
[00:35:20.010]There's also an EP LI label which stands
[00:35:23.900]for exterior perimeter localized interior,
[00:35:26.740]and so it's very similar to the exterior perimeter,
[00:35:29.264]but in the place where you have active termite infestation,
[00:35:34.860]so this is swarmers, live termites, or active mud tubes,
[00:35:38.944]the applicator must treat two feet
[00:35:43.149]in all directions of that termite activity spot.
[00:35:49.590]So that would be a good place for foam.
[00:35:53.620]Then there are some special considerations.
[00:35:56.590]So this is a very different house.
[00:35:59.960]This house is a house that has
[00:36:03.268]a hollow block foundation and a crawlspace
[00:36:06.246]with these piers.
[00:36:08.410]So just as this example to show you
[00:36:11.240]compared to the other example
[00:36:12.812]how more complicated, how more time consuming,
[00:36:15.936]and how maybe, much more product you would need
[00:36:20.265]and tools, right.
[00:36:22.240]So what you would have to do for a full
[00:36:24.600]or conventional treatment for this type of home,
[00:36:27.490]you would have to trench and rod the exterior.
[00:36:29.942]You would have drill into the concrete porch.
[00:36:32.025]You would have to treat and rod the interior,
[00:36:34.777]and so that's in the crawlspace.
[00:36:37.107]You would have to treat around all these support piers,
[00:36:40.050]and then you would also have to drill holes
[00:36:42.942]in each of these hollow blocks
[00:36:44.821]wherever there's like a void and treat into those,
[00:36:49.985]and then also treat into the piers by drilling.
[00:36:54.860]So you can see in a crawlspace how hard
[00:36:57.471]that would be to have all your equipment
[00:36:59.960]in there doing that treatment.
[00:37:01.613](gentle electronic music)
[00:37:14.150]If you're doing termite work,
[00:37:16.040]you need to have the right equipment.
[00:37:17.600]And this is what sets you apart from homeowners
[00:37:19.430]that think they can do it themselves.
[00:37:20.890]The first thing you are going to need is your sprayer.
[00:37:23.590]And you need a tank that can hold
[00:37:25.365]all the termiticide and finish spray that you need.
[00:37:29.070]So you need a pump, you need a hose that's appropriate,
[00:37:32.565]the right size that can do all your jobs
[00:37:35.716]and that is sturdy.
[00:37:37.860]And you would want to have an agitator
[00:37:40.526]so you can have your termiticide being
[00:37:43.520]mixed at all times.
[00:37:44.724]And one thing that you probably should have is
[00:37:48.750]a backflow preventer.
[00:37:50.050]So this prevents contamination for the water source,
[00:37:53.807]and so that's definitely something you'll want to have
[00:37:55.932]because you don't wanna contaminate your homeowner's
[00:38:00.224]sources of water.
[00:38:03.520]All the things that you would need
[00:38:04.900]for the trenching and rodding are
[00:38:06.141]rods of all different sizes.
[00:38:08.930]So there's three to six foot long pipes,
[00:38:12.900]and that forces the chemical into the ground.
[00:38:15.630]There are short rods to inject through foundation walls
[00:38:18.265]and through slab, and so it's really important
[00:38:21.380]to have a variety.
[00:38:22.420]And they're all types of nozzles too,
[00:38:24.419]and they have 360 degree, 180 degreses,
[00:38:27.880]usually it's up to the applicator what they prefer.
[00:38:31.410]And it also can depend on the soil type and the conditions,
[00:38:34.480]so it's good to explore what you're looking for
[00:38:38.593]and find the tools that will do the jobs.
[00:38:40.600]Oh, and the sub-slab injector you will want.
[00:38:43.651]It's got a special piece at the bottom
[00:38:46.210]to prevent termiticide that you're putting in
[00:38:49.124]under the slab from coming up and spewing back at you.
[00:38:52.800]So that's really important.
[00:38:53.920]And at the top it has a handle to release
[00:38:55.812]that chemical and something that you can rest
[00:39:00.410]your foot in to push down.
[00:39:03.559]These are all very specialized tools for termite treatment.
[00:39:08.510]One thing you wanna do is make sure
[00:39:10.880]everything's calibrated so you know your output.
[00:39:14.910]You wanna know how much chemical
[00:39:16.425]you're delivering to the structure and into the soil.
[00:39:21.698]You don't wanna waste any chemical,
[00:39:23.410]and you wanna make sure you've calculated
[00:39:25.150]everything properly so you wanna make sure
[00:39:26.729]you've got your flow rate calibrated.
[00:39:30.334]One way you can have this done is
[00:39:32.787]actually by having a flowmeter,
[00:39:34.800]so that's an easy way to do it.
[00:39:36.299]But also if something goes wrong,
[00:39:37.808]you can also use like a stopwatch or a count method,
[00:39:41.496]and so what you wanna do there is
[00:39:43.890]get a five gallon bucket and not using your chemical
[00:39:46.902]but using water, you wanna find out
[00:39:48.784]how many seconds it takes for so many gallons
[00:39:54.320]to be delivered and that way you will know
[00:39:56.750]when you're doing the treatment that you have
[00:39:59.120]to hold down the handle for so many seconds
[00:40:01.605]per individual hole.
[00:40:04.870]So it's important to have your equipment calibrated.
[00:40:09.650]So you wanna always, you know, just as we follow the label,
[00:40:12.710]you wanna follow the manufacturer's recommendations
[00:40:14.977]or the instruction manual on how to care
[00:40:17.119]for these very important equipment that you have, right.
[00:40:20.660]So some will suggest rust inhibitors
[00:40:24.210]or antifreeze treatments, but some rules are
[00:40:27.100]that you never want to put your mouth
[00:40:29.455]and blow out any of like the nozzles.
[00:40:32.130]You wanna make sure you're cleaning that properly,
[00:40:34.248]just ensuring the longevity of your equipment.
[00:40:39.370]Proper storage, sometimes you wanna ventilate,
[00:40:42.360]so open up, clean sprayer tanks and air those out.
[00:40:46.980]But you never wanna let your pump run out of water
[00:40:49.185]or run your pump without water in there,
[00:40:52.219]and you just wanna take very good care of your equipment.
[00:40:57.040]Also, for all that drilling you would want
[00:40:59.150]an electric rotary hammer drill,
[00:41:00.838]and the best tips are the carbide tip bits.
[00:41:05.690]Then that way you would be able to drill
[00:41:07.410]through the foundation in the slab that you need to.
[00:41:09.800]And again, safety first, you want to make sure
[00:41:12.520]that you ground all that equipment
[00:41:14.140]to prevent injury to you, the user.
[00:41:16.270]And always wear the PPE stated on the label.
[00:41:19.504]So we're gonna talk about calculations.
[00:41:22.266]So this is not very interesting,
[00:41:26.460]but it's very important because for you
[00:41:28.520]to get the job, and for you to do the job,
[00:41:30.659]you want to know how to calculate.
[00:41:32.908]You know how much termiticide you're gonna put there.
[00:41:35.840]You need to know how much you're gonna buy.
[00:41:37.440]You're gonna need to know what kind
[00:41:38.382]of equipment that you need.
[00:41:40.360]So every inspections starts off with a map.
[00:41:42.820]You wanna map out that structure.
[00:41:44.450]And all your competitors will have very similar maps
[00:41:46.670]cause that's the same house.
[00:41:48.074]But how you do it, and how professional you are
[00:41:51.568]and the different options you have will set you apart
[00:41:54.887]from other people.
[00:41:56.890]So you want the dimensions of the structure.
[00:41:58.700]You want those construction features.
[00:42:00.590]You wanna know that foundation,
[00:42:01.811]and you know, point out those conducive conditions
[00:42:05.160]that make that termite infestation there in the first place.
[00:42:08.870]And then you can calculate the termiticide
[00:42:10.346]you're gonna use.
[00:42:11.649]You know it might end up looking like this,
[00:42:13.800]but it'll be very helpful for the homeowner
[00:42:15.500]to see what the structure looks like to a termite.
[00:42:18.560]So the sample is, again, what you've got in your book,
[00:42:22.270]and we'll just go through this
[00:42:23.560]so you can understand the calculations.
[00:42:26.051]So this is the scenario, it's post-construction treatment
[00:42:30.500]at this house, so walls are up, it's all built.
[00:42:33.040]It's a poured foundation wall that are 12 inches thick.
[00:42:35.722]The depth to the top of the footing is
[00:42:38.490]four feet on the outside of the basement walls,
[00:42:40.307]and the depth at the top of the footing is one foot
[00:42:42.890]on the inside of the basement foundation and garage.
[00:42:46.240]So we're gonna use Termidor 80 WG as the label states,
[00:42:50.045]and it's four packets per 100 gallons of tank mix.
[00:42:56.220]And then the cost for that is $160.
[00:42:58.037]So we'll go through this.
[00:43:00.866]These are the questions that they're asking.
[00:43:02.780]They wanna know how many gallons
[00:43:04.395]of finished tank mix are needed,
[00:43:06.273]and they split it up into different parts of the house.
[00:43:09.570]So the outside basement foundation,
[00:43:11.268]inside basement foundation, outside garage,
[00:43:13.575]inside garage foundation.
[00:43:17.001]And so it's best to do these in steps,
[00:43:18.730]and then in total add 'em up together later.
[00:43:20.979]And then it wants to know after you do this,
[00:43:23.648]how many packets you'll need of Termidor 80WG
[00:43:28.710]for that entire house at that rate.
[00:43:31.220]And you wanna know how much it would cost,
[00:43:32.608]you wanna know how many holes need to be drilled
[00:43:35.171]into the sub-slab area, so that's gonna be
[00:43:37.760]in the basement, and also how many gallons
[00:43:40.832]of finished tank mix need to be injected
[00:43:43.060]into each of those holes.
[00:43:44.280]So it seems very daunting, but if you do
[00:43:46.330]one piece at a time, it's not too bad.
[00:43:49.760]So I have all the different measurements out.
[00:43:52.577]The difference between the 48 and the 50 is
[00:43:55.068]because those walls are two feet.
[00:43:59.270]And so the outside basement foundation wall
[00:44:02.485]we've got the circled because this is
[00:44:05.810]considered an outdoor foundation wall.
[00:44:08.800]We take those numbers and we add 'em up.
[00:44:10.729]So linear feet are just that length.
[00:44:12.654]The inside basement walls are gonna be
[00:44:15.510]these red circles and this is 142 linear feet.
[00:44:22.100]The outside garage foundation here,
[00:44:24.044]so we've already got this 23 so we're not gonna
[00:44:27.441]add this one in for the next part.
[00:44:30.630]So this is 55 linear feet,
[00:44:32.758]and the inside are these ones.
[00:44:35.945]Sorry, and we're not add this one in,
[00:44:37.341]so that is 51 linear feet.
[00:44:40.180]So we've got all those separate,
[00:44:41.886]and then I put it into a chart here,
[00:44:45.090]and so I rounded it up.
[00:44:47.470]And so we've got 237, 57, 22, and 21.
[00:44:53.060]Add those up the total finished spray mix is
[00:44:55.330]gonna be 337 gallons.
[00:44:59.240]So, because we know that four packets per 100 gallons,
[00:45:05.495]so we're gonna say how many packets per 337 gallons?
[00:45:10.760]So that's cross multiplying.
[00:45:12.170]You do 337 times four divided by 100,
[00:45:16.030]and you get 13.48.
[00:45:18.810]We can't do maybe half a packet,
[00:45:21.210]you can round up to 14.
[00:45:23.560]So 14 packets are required for this job.
[00:45:26.480]So we know that four packets cost $160
[00:45:31.320]which means that each packet is $40.
[00:45:33.955]When we multiply 40 by 14 it's $560 in chemical costs.
[00:45:39.660]And so this is the stuff you need to know
[00:45:41.520]so you can price out your job.
[00:45:44.430]So question number four says, how many holes must be
[00:45:48.190]drilled to treat the sub-slab area
[00:45:50.020]on the inside basement foundation?
[00:45:51.960]And so those are the calculations
[00:45:52.793]for the inside basement foundation.
[00:45:55.630]And holes, according to the label, have
[00:45:57.510]to be drilled every 12 inches, right,
[00:46:00.060]so when you go through those you have
[00:46:03.209]to account for the number of holes.
[00:46:05.210]And it just works out that way
[00:46:07.150]that you've got less holes because
[00:46:08.610]sometimes each wall shares a couple of holes, right.
[00:46:11.770]So it turns out to be 138 holes.
[00:46:15.480]From the previous slide before that one,
[00:46:17.530]we know that there's 57 gallons
[00:46:22.192]that's needed for that basement interior.
[00:46:24.830]And we just calculated that we have 138 holes,
[00:46:28.344]and so it turns out 57 gallons divided by 138 holes
[00:46:32.168]means each hole gets 0.413 gallons.
[00:46:36.900]And so from your calibration, determining
[00:46:40.210]how many seconds you need to hold down the handle
[00:46:42.470]of your trench and rodding tool,
[00:46:44.985]then you will know how many seconds
[00:46:47.175]to hold down for each of those holes.
[00:46:49.520]So that's the calculations.
[00:46:52.880]If you have to watch this again,
[00:46:55.244]or reread the information, it's all there.
[00:46:59.330]It can be very confusing, but you need to know this.
[00:47:02.840](gentle electronic music)
[00:47:15.550]So we're gonna talk about some insects and organisms
[00:47:19.361]besides termites that are wood destroying
[00:47:21.987]or considered wood destroying.
[00:47:23.660]We're gonna start with the carpenter ant.
[00:47:25.320]Most people can recognize these cause they are a larger ant,
[00:47:28.571]but these larger ants actually come in a variety sizes,
[00:47:31.861]major and minor workers.
[00:47:34.580]But they can be really hard to control
[00:47:36.709]because they can forage such long distances
[00:47:39.162]like 100 to 300 feet even from their nest.
[00:47:42.790]So just cause you see 'em doesn't mean
[00:47:44.410]that's actually a nest in your home.
[00:47:46.073]They are really good in the landscape.
[00:47:48.600]They're predators of many other bugs.
[00:47:51.384]All the workers are female, and, yeah,
[00:47:54.861]they could be difficult to treat.
[00:47:57.490]You gotta kind of watch them, watch them a bit.
[00:48:00.213]But you can identify a carpenter ant
[00:48:02.350]by looking at it and holding it up kind of sideways
[00:48:06.910]so you can see that thorax.
[00:48:08.270]That thorax is evenly rounded,
[00:48:09.696]and you can't miss it.
[00:48:11.880]So it is a larger ant, but it's got
[00:48:13.650]an evenly rounded thorax and one node
[00:48:15.365]in between the thorax and the abdomen.
[00:48:18.215]In Nebraska these are the largest ants,
[00:48:20.220]so, yeah, when people say they see
[00:48:22.460]a large black ant, it's usually a carpenter ant,
[00:48:24.850]but they can be a variety of colors.
[00:48:26.782]We do have the black carpenter ant,
[00:48:28.810]and it's larger, it's a quarter of an inch
[00:48:32.420]to 1/2 an inch long, and it's got
[00:48:34.770]these yellow hairs on its abdomen.
[00:48:36.288]It could have a pretty big colonies,
[00:48:38.470]and there is the red and black carpenter ant
[00:48:42.610]which is smaller, and they don't usually have
[00:48:45.269]a structural issue.
[00:48:48.920]They're usually just a nuisance pest
[00:48:50.470]when people see 'em.
[00:48:51.570]But just because, it doesn't matter
[00:48:53.490]what color it is, it's than evenly rounded thorax
[00:48:55.560]that will determine whether they're a carpenter ant.
[00:48:57.481]And they forage for all different things,
[00:49:00.207]and the reason why they are difficult
[00:49:02.190]for homeowners to treat for because
[00:49:05.122]a lot of the ant bait on the market
[00:49:07.580]or over the counter are sugar baits.
[00:49:10.680]And carpenter ants have a pretty well-rounded diet
[00:49:12.920]like we do.
[00:49:13.753]They need carbohydrates and proteins,
[00:49:15.130]so they're not going to die just from feeding baited sugar.
[00:49:20.110]They feed on plants, plant exudates.
[00:49:22.730]They feed on other insects, and they're scavengers,
[00:49:26.550]so if you see like a dead earthworm or a dead animal,
[00:49:30.741]carpenter ants will also be there.
[00:49:34.170]And out of the foragers only 10% of the colony are
[00:49:37.900]actually foragers, so that's why
[00:49:39.150]when you kill one or two or 20 ants,
[00:49:41.560]they're still more to come.
[00:49:43.930]So swarmers, very similar to termites, right.
[00:49:47.160]They swarm when there's a mature colony.
[00:49:49.067]Winged reproductives are produced,
[00:49:54.111]and it's a seasonal annual thing.
[00:49:57.000]If you see 'em one year and you never get rid of 'em,
[00:49:59.440]they'll probably come back and swarm the following year.
[00:50:02.450]Colonies are formed by a single queen,
[00:50:04.362]so that's important to know.
[00:50:06.840]She lays a couple eggs and takes care of them herself,
[00:50:09.972]and then for years, she just creates workers
[00:50:12.784]to take of them for her and she discontinues laying eggs.
[00:50:16.460]And they can have a mature colony in like three
[00:50:19.610]to six years, and that's when
[00:50:20.870]they'll start sending out swarmers.
[00:50:22.180]So that's why when we see those winged ants inside
[00:50:24.737]we know that they've been there for quite awhile.
[00:50:27.600]They don't cause as much damage as termites do,
[00:50:29.827]and especially it can take a very long time,
[00:50:33.376]but it's important to know that they don't consume
[00:50:36.648]the wood, they just nest in the wood.
[00:50:38.940]And most often, it starts off being a moisture problem,
[00:50:43.610]so problems in the window sill, leaky pipes,
[00:50:47.180]or plumbing issues.
[00:50:48.720]And it makes that structural wood good to making galleries.
[00:50:55.475]They do follow structural guidelines,
[00:50:57.890]so sometimes if you've got a tree branch hitting the house
[00:51:00.476]or these wires, they just follow them right inside.
[00:51:03.472]If you look at the wood that's damaged, they're very smooth,
[00:51:08.927]that's why they're called carpenter ants.
[00:51:10.680]There's no mud or frass packed in there like termites,
[00:51:13.597]so stumps and logs and deadwood, you'll just see
[00:51:16.702]just very smooth wood for damage.
[00:51:21.640]Some of the signs and symptoms of carpenter ants
[00:51:23.580]whether they're outside or in your house,
[00:51:25.690]you may see foraging workers, and you don't know
[00:51:27.880]where they're coming from.
[00:51:28.960]If it's got food in its mouth I would follow it back,
[00:51:31.317]but they are typically nocturnal,
[00:51:32.847]so that makes it a little hard.
[00:51:34.700]Sometimes you'll hear a crinkling sound
[00:51:37.260]from them chewing the wood.
[00:51:38.900]Other times you'll see winged swarmers.
[00:51:40.342]If you've got woodpeckers pecking on
[00:51:43.433]some part of your house on the wood,
[00:51:45.838]they may be trying to get a carpenter ant in there
[00:51:49.357]or some kind of beetle, but that's a sign.
[00:51:51.794]The frass is gonna be some coarse sawdust
[00:51:54.478]with insect body parts because they do eat that protein.
[00:51:57.885]It's coarse sawdust, insect body parts,
[00:52:00.520]and you'll see ant body parts too.
[00:52:02.180]They're very clean, they take out all their trash
[00:52:03.870]even their dead nest mates.
[00:52:05.920]So put that under a magnifying glass
[00:52:09.770]and determine what it is.
[00:52:13.090]Termites will not leave any sawdust, they'll eat that,
[00:52:15.598]but carpenter ants will.
[00:52:17.177]So when you wanna treat that, you wanna make sure
[00:52:20.030]you interview the client.
[00:52:21.100]You wanna know where they're seeing them,
[00:52:23.730]where to look, where to start your inspection.
[00:52:24.879]And treatment's gonna include reducing
[00:52:27.754]those conducive conditions for carpenter ants
[00:52:31.540]and also involves treating the nest.
[00:52:36.360]That would be the most effective.
[00:52:38.150]So some of the non-chemical control methods are
[00:52:40.720]gonna be removing the food sources,
[00:52:42.421]reducing the sources of moisture,
[00:52:44.639]storing your firewood properly, not up along the house,
[00:52:48.877]removing vegetation and ground cover,
[00:52:50.713]trimming vegetation if you have a lot along the house.
[00:52:54.901]Also cleaning gutters and downspouts,
[00:52:57.982]a lot of those provide moisture
[00:53:00.286]and places for them to travel.
[00:53:02.044]Exclusion will include sealing and caulking up holes.
[00:53:07.657]Sometimes they'll just walk right in
[00:53:09.858]foraging inside looking for food
[00:53:11.840]when there's lots of stuff outside.
[00:53:13.656]The door is open maybe.
[00:53:15.776]You also want to, if you have a crawlspace,
[00:53:18.230]you wanna increase ventilation in basements and crawlspace,
[00:53:22.880]so it's not as a nice place.
[00:53:25.310]And if we've got those sprinkler systems
[00:53:27.245]sometimes they spray down wooden parts
[00:53:30.820]of our building and break down that wood.
[00:53:34.355]In terms of chemical control,
[00:53:37.230]it's gonna be very effective to dust
[00:53:40.372]in the wall voids where they're nesting
[00:53:42.335]and to also do a spray of their nest,
[00:53:45.610]that's going to take care of them.
[00:53:47.180]If they haven't already got in the house,
[00:53:48.489]a perimeter spray may work, but you want
[00:53:51.277]to make sure you do an inspection
[00:53:52.816]as you try to find that nest.
[00:53:54.600]There are carpenter ant specific baits
[00:53:57.400]that are sold to professionals,
[00:53:59.628]and usually they've got some protein in them
[00:54:03.269]to make it pretty effective,
[00:54:05.165]but for all ant baits we want that to be palatable,
[00:54:08.490]attractive, and slow acting to take care
[00:54:10.450]of the entire colony.
[00:54:13.070]Next, I'm gonna talk about Powderpost beetles.
[00:54:15.185]These are a little bit tricky because
[00:54:17.391]we never really see the beetles,
[00:54:19.240]we just see the damage.
[00:54:20.480]And the damage is these little tiny shot holes
[00:54:23.470]in wooden structures, beams sometimes,
[00:54:29.860]and sometimes like furniture, bowls,
[00:54:31.658]we've seen some very interesting things come in.
[00:54:33.957]The adults are rarely seen.
[00:54:35.543]They fly, they're strong fliers,
[00:54:37.870]and they may fly outside or to a windowsill,
[00:54:40.740]and we just mistake them for something else.
[00:54:43.005]But they lay their eggs on bare, unfinished wood.
[00:54:48.410]So even if it is painted later, they can
[00:54:50.600]still emerge a year or two later.
[00:54:53.940]But these are called Powderpost beetles
[00:54:55.470]because they can reduce wood into like a powder.
[00:54:59.316]So I'm gonna talk about two different Powderpost beetles
[00:55:03.100]that are pretty common, I guess, here in Nebraska.
[00:55:05.760]So Lyctid beetles, these ones are
[00:55:08.215]about an 1/8 to a 1/4 of inch long.
[00:55:10.993]They've flattened bodies.
[00:55:12.435]They're red.
[00:55:13.581]I don't really know why I'm telling you
[00:55:15.650]about this, cause, again, you won't see these adults,
[00:55:17.851]but they attack hardwoods, and they will attack bamboo.
[00:55:21.090]So if you've got bamboo somewhere,
[00:55:23.771]or a client has a problem with bamboo,
[00:55:25.200]it may be a lyctid beetle.
[00:55:27.200]And this really has to do with poor storage
[00:55:29.840]or drying out.
[00:55:30.917]They are looking for the starch content.
[00:55:33.273]So in wood that is really old and been cut
[00:55:38.848]for a long time, they won't want that,
[00:55:41.550]they really need that starch content.
[00:55:43.550]But they are more likely to damage
[00:55:45.730]like flooring and paneling, molding,
[00:55:47.666]window door frames and furniture.
[00:55:50.420]They develop in less than a year, so it's pretty quick.
[00:55:53.940]But you kinda don't know when you get something
[00:55:55.778]if they're already in there,
[00:55:58.380]and that's usually what happens right.
[00:55:59.910]People bring things home, and then they come out later.
[00:56:03.050]So their holes are about 1/32 to 1/16
[00:56:07.320]of an inch in diameter, pretty small.
[00:56:09.380]And their frass that they kick out of their holes is
[00:56:12.370]like a fine powder, and it's free of pellets,
[00:56:15.500]so it's like, I would say, like baby powder, I guess.
[00:56:18.311]Anobiid beetles they are another type,
[00:56:23.070]the other type of Powderpost beetles.
[00:56:25.122]So they're a little bit bigger,
[00:56:29.692]and they attack hardwood and softwood.
[00:56:31.845]And they need a certain moisture percentage,
[00:56:34.880]so that's why these are more likely to be
[00:56:36.960]in like structural components especially
[00:56:39.270]in like basements or crawlspaces where there isn't
[00:56:42.374]very good ventilation.
[00:56:44.160]But again, adult strong fliers,
[00:56:45.428]and they'll collect at windowsills.
[00:56:47.784]So the eggs are laid on exposed joists.
[00:56:50.772]And they can damage the structural components.
[00:56:56.190]And the larvae can be in there for years,
[00:56:58.300]so I can't even remember how many years,
[00:57:01.670]like two or three years, and then they'll just emerge.
[00:57:04.274]So that can be pretty interesting.
[00:57:07.410]And it doesn't really matter what age of the wood
[00:57:09.810]because they're not in it for the starch.
[00:57:11.732]And they usually do emerge spring or summer,
[00:57:17.550]and probably at night time, and so we really don't see them.
[00:57:20.018]Old holes are gonna be caked over,
[00:57:22.901]and their frass is powdery, but when you rub it
[00:57:26.500]between your fingers it will feel really gritty
[00:57:28.638]because it's got pellets in it.
[00:57:30.261]So you wanna know first regardless of the beetle
[00:57:34.492]if it's an active infestation or not.
[00:57:36.780]You may just see like a bunch of holes in your,
[00:57:39.090]I don't know, candlestick or something, and wonder.
[00:57:41.718]You might not need to do anything.
[00:57:44.040]It might just be a wait and see,
[00:57:45.189]but you wanna do maybe wanna fill those up
[00:57:47.919]or vacuum up the frass and find out in time
[00:57:51.264]if it's still happening.
[00:57:54.012]So there's no treatment if it's not an active infestation.
[00:57:58.870]But if you are bringing home antiques,
[00:58:00.830]especially made out of wood, check them for holes
[00:58:03.415]or for sawdust before you bring 'em home.
[00:58:06.620]If you are someone making something like that,
[00:58:09.430]you might wanna stain it or varnish it,
[00:58:11.539]that will prevent the female from laying eggs on it.
[00:58:14.950]But when you bring something home, you might not know.
[00:58:19.130]In homes, you wanna reduce that moisture again,
[00:58:21.910]it's really about like creating an environment
[00:58:23.990]that's not good for them.
[00:58:25.970]If you've got infested wood, you wanna replace
[00:58:28.567]that right away with new lumber.
[00:58:30.295]And if you have a treatment, you can also do
[00:58:33.770]like heat chamber or kiln-drying
[00:58:36.930]to dry out the wood and kill the beetles that are in them.
[00:58:39.692]You'd have to probably talk to a professional
[00:58:41.928]who has professional high-heating equipment.
[00:58:45.490]In terms of chemical control for Powderpost beetles,
[00:58:47.828]if you choose to, there's borates
[00:58:50.508]that you can treat to unfinished wood,
[00:58:53.634]or you can do a fumigation, but that would be overkill,
[00:58:57.447]you wouldn't need that.
[00:58:59.560]Okay, so the last wood boring insect
[00:59:01.592]that I'm gonna talk about are carpenter bees.
[00:59:03.760]Carpenter bees are becoming a huge pest
[00:59:05.230]here in Nebraska lately, especially in Eastern Nebraska.
[00:59:08.870]Get a lot of calls from these things
[00:59:10.447]that look like bumblebees that are
[00:59:12.220]dive-bombing them, but they don't know
[00:59:14.130]where they're coming from.
[00:59:15.090]Well, they're nesting in your wood.
[00:59:16.380]A lot of times they're nesting in the pergolas
[00:59:18.370]or the decks, and they are considered really good
[00:59:21.566]beneficial pollinators, and they are.
[00:59:25.406]But they're also able to destroy structures
[00:59:28.634]pretty bad especially year after year.
[00:59:31.734]They're considered solitary because
[00:59:33.666]they're not like bumblebees or honeybees,
[00:59:36.025]but they do have some social behaviors
[00:59:38.321]where many of these carpenter bees nest very close together
[00:59:41.850]and sometimes together, so it's interesting.
[00:59:46.840]You will see males and females kinda together.
[00:59:50.342]The males are the ones that are dive-bombing
[00:59:52.511]and are very territorial.
[00:59:53.902]He is waiting to mate with the female,
[00:59:56.810]and the female's very busy provisioning her nest
[01:00:00.000]and tunneling out some of the wood.
[01:00:02.709]And it may be difficult to treat mostly because
[01:00:05.291]you can't reach them, or you don't know where
[01:00:08.290]they're coming from.
[01:00:09.123]So here's a comparison of a bumblebee and a carpenter bee.
[01:00:11.780]So identification wise they're big,
[01:00:13.776]they're robust, but a carpenter bee has
[01:00:15.830]a very hairless shiny butt.
[01:00:18.652]It's abdomen is hairless and it's shiny,
[01:00:22.660]so she'll go out, and she will collect pollen,
[01:00:26.243]but you will see that she doesn't have
[01:00:28.588]all the hair on her butt that the bumblebee does.
[01:00:32.770]Bumblebees will nest in abandoned rodent burrows
[01:00:35.009]or in bird boxes, in little containers,
[01:00:37.561]or make something.
[01:00:41.319]They'll nest on compost, things like that.
[01:00:43.773]Carpenter bees, they'll nest in the wood.
[01:00:46.699]So they drill these perfectly round holes
[01:00:49.162]that are about a half an inch in diameter,
[01:00:53.074]and they actually go in and then the tunnel
[01:00:55.710]or the brood chamber goes with the grain
[01:00:57.728]quite a ways, and she puts like six to eight
[01:01:00.403]different eggs in there.
[01:01:03.110]So the following year that's when the next brood will
[01:01:07.048]become active, and they pretty much stay close,
[01:01:10.020]and then they start having their own brood.
[01:01:11.760]So this is why it can get pretty damaging year after year.
[01:01:14.593]Some of the damage looks like this,
[01:01:16.777]and so you will see the frass,
[01:01:18.150]it's all this yellow stains and also all these holes
[01:01:21.253]in your structure.
[01:01:24.230]And again, a lot of them are gonna be untreated wood.
[01:01:26.917]You may see the aggressive male, and you can tell
[01:01:31.000]it's a male by when it's hovering in front you
[01:01:32.941]giving you a stare down, it's got like this white triangle
[01:01:36.950]or yellow triangle on its face, that's a male.
[01:01:39.790]It does not have a stinger, it's all a bluff,
[01:01:42.220]but he doesn't have a stinger.
[01:01:44.770]He's not gonna hurt you, but he's the one
[01:01:46.480]who's going really fast in trying to scare you.
[01:01:50.460]You will also see the coarse sawdust
[01:01:52.150]because the female is making those tunnels
[01:01:54.392]for her brood and digging those out with her mouthparts.
[01:01:58.270]And then you'll also see those staining,
[01:01:59.870]but you'll see those perfectly round holes.
[01:02:02.330]And what happens if this is
[01:02:03.930]what a cross section of the chamber is going to be,
[01:02:06.540]so each one, she puts pollen in there
[01:02:08.900]and lays an egg, and so when the larvae grow up
[01:02:12.618]they eat that pollen, turn into an adult bee,
[01:02:16.016]and then they overwinter in those holes.
[01:02:18.540]So it's important to do some non-chemical control.
[01:02:23.896]So fly swatters work.
[01:02:26.760]You can catch it with a net,
[01:02:28.490]and step on them if you want to.
[01:02:30.460]Some people have a problem because they're pollinators,
[01:02:32.711]but it all really has to do with, I guess,
[01:02:34.848]your tolerance at your house.
[01:02:37.920]You can also paint or stain exposed wood,
[01:02:40.140]but once they have a brood in there,
[01:02:41.840]they can chew away that paint.
[01:02:43.537]Some of them are pretty persistent.
[01:02:45.509]But if you're starting to build something,
[01:02:48.010]you can use treated wood or treat with borates,
[01:02:50.384]and they won't nest there.
[01:02:53.430]But also, you're gonna wanna plug up that hole
[01:02:56.370]because they do overwinter in the same hole,
[01:02:58.363]and they will reuse the hole.
[01:03:00.240]So that's important.
[01:03:01.470]When it comes to chemical control,
[01:03:03.130]you can apply a dust insecticide to the hole
[01:03:05.265]or something else that's labeled for carpenter bees.
[01:03:07.829]There are wettable powders
[01:03:10.760]or microencapsulated insecticides,
[01:03:13.480]or you can use an aerosol.
[01:03:14.770]Just wanna be careful, a lot of these are
[01:03:16.070]gonna be over your head, and so you don't
[01:03:17.550]wanna spray in your face or have it drop
[01:03:18.646]in your eyes, so PPE.
[01:03:21.570]And then you wanna make sure you plug that hole.
[01:03:23.910]So you plug that hole, so the other emerging bees aren't
[01:03:27.410]gonna come out and start a new one.
[01:03:30.010]If the female's in there you'll get her too.
[01:03:33.870]You can also use steel wool, and then you wanna
[01:03:36.130]seal that with wood putty,
[01:03:37.430]so you wanna stop the life cycle.
[01:03:39.281](gentle electronic music)
[01:03:51.940]Hello, my name is Trevor Johnson.
[01:03:53.100]%I'm the Certification Training and Worker Safety Specialist
[01:03:55.719]at the Nebraska Department of Agriculture,
[01:03:57.867]and today I'm gonna tell you a little bit
[01:03:59.650]about the laws and regulations
[01:04:01.100]as they pertain to the wood destroying organisms category.
[01:04:04.910]First, we'll start with the federal law FIFRA is
[01:04:09.220]the federal insecticide, fungicide, and reodentice act,
[01:04:12.152]it covers all pesticide use, registration,
[01:04:15.688]labeling, distribution, disposal.
[01:04:19.136]Second, we have the Nebraska Pesticide Act.
[01:04:23.456]This is a law that was enacted in 1993,
[01:04:26.381]and it specifically governs the pesticide application
[01:04:29.815]and certification in Nebraska,
[01:04:32.463]and it tends to be more stringent than FIFRA.
[01:04:38.730]So first, who needs a license?
[01:04:41.080]Any applicator applying general
[01:04:42.413]or restricted use pesticides in the structural
[01:04:45.228]or wood destroying organisms categories is
[01:04:47.740]required to have a license.
[01:04:49.560]There's three types of licenses,
[01:04:51.120]commercial, noncommercial, and private.
[01:04:54.650]Private is not necessarily important
[01:04:56.430]for this category, but noncommericial and commercial are.
[01:05:00.440]So now I'll explain the different license types.
[01:05:02.344]A commercial license is for applicators applying
[01:05:05.910]to the property of another for hire or compensation.
[01:05:08.409]A noncommercial license is for applications made
[01:05:12.440]to property owned or directly controlled by your employer.
[01:05:15.192]It's specific to a single employer,
[01:05:18.089]so we do ask that if your employment changes
[01:05:20.280]you update that with the Nebraska Department of Ag.
[01:05:25.100]All right, now we'll get into some specific regulations
[01:05:27.373]for pesticide application.
[01:05:30.360]The label is the law.
[01:05:32.130]Here is a statement that is printed
[01:05:33.470]on every label approved by the EPA.
[01:05:36.248]It is a violation of federal law
[01:05:37.964]to use this product in a manner inconsistent
[01:05:39.914]with its labeling, and it is your,
[01:05:42.620]the applicator's responsibility to comply
[01:05:44.750]with all directions provided on the label.
[01:05:48.700]On the labels they're some specific language
[01:05:51.090]that you're required to follow.
[01:05:52.850]This would be the mandatory language including
[01:05:54.412]words such as must, do, or do not.
[01:05:58.320]There's also suggestive language on the label,
[01:06:00.590]these'll be words like should or may
[01:06:03.190]that provide guidelines for you and your applications.
[01:06:08.490]So the Nebraska Pesticide Act has
[01:06:10.029]two specific laws concerning the application
[01:06:12.422]of termiticides.
[01:06:14.480]These include the application rate,
[01:06:16.480]and when you can retreat a structure.
[01:06:18.750]Termiticide treatments must be made
[01:06:23.260]at the label directed pre-construction rate
[01:06:25.953]even if you're doing a post-construction treatment,
[01:06:29.670]it always must be at the pre-construction rate.
[01:06:35.580]And also, if you want to retreat a structure,
[01:06:37.707]one of the following conditions must be present.
[01:06:41.090]There must be clear evidence of a reinfestation
[01:06:43.674]or the soil barrier has clearly been disrupted,
[01:06:47.458]or there's been a breakdown of termiticide in the soil.
[01:06:55.090]There are specific recordkeeping requirements
[01:06:56.931]for this category.
[01:06:58.830]You must record all applications of general
[01:07:00.674]and restricted use pesticides.
[01:07:03.286]It's really important in this category
[01:07:05.354]that you are specific, particularly in the description
[01:07:08.462]of the site that you're applying to.
[01:07:10.295]It is always helpful to include a sketch.
[01:07:13.170]These are things that'll really help out our inspectors
[01:07:16.128]when they're doing their recordkeeping inspections
[01:07:17.988]at your firm.
[01:07:21.710]Here's a list of the required recordkeeping topics.
[01:07:24.484]As you can see here, application site is included in here,
[01:07:28.373]and a map or description is always helpful.
[01:07:33.399]So records must be maintained
[01:07:36.730]for a minimum of three years, and they must recorded
[01:07:39.335]within 48 hours of the application.
[01:07:43.080]You can maintain these records
[01:07:43.975]at your principal place of business
[01:07:45.508]where our inspectors will take a look at 'em
[01:07:47.590]and make sure everything's good to go.
[01:07:50.403]At the bottom here, I've included
[01:07:52.410]some recordkeeping resources.
[01:07:53.619]Department of Agriculture has a brochure
[01:07:55.740]that can be found at this URL here.
[01:08:01.640]Some of the common termiticide application issues
[01:08:03.635]that we see in Nebraska.
[01:08:05.116]The most common would be under application.
[01:08:08.013]So always make sure that you're looking
[01:08:10.950]at your label rates and applying
[01:08:12.386]at the pre-construction rate.
[01:08:15.470]Lack of trenching and not enough holes being drilled are
[01:08:18.680]another two issues that we commonly see.
[01:08:20.589]These are typically either time saving
[01:08:23.688]or money saving strategies that don't pan out
[01:08:28.500]cause you're gonna end up with reinfestation,
[01:08:30.226]and you'll likely get a visit
[01:08:32.870]from the Department of Agriculture.
[01:08:36.200]Thank you for listening, and good luck on your exams.
[01:08:39.171](gentle electronic music)
[01:08:51.200]We have heard a lot of valuable information today.
[01:08:52.760]We hope this information helps you
[01:08:54.543]when dealing with wood destroying organisms,
[01:08:56.445]and informs you on the situations that they can cause,
[01:08:59.672]and how you can help put the clients at ease.
[01:09:02.193](gentle electronic music)

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Wood Destroying Insects - recertification

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