Aquatic Recertification 2018
Frank Bright
Author
10/03/2018
Added
14
Plays
Description
Learn how to safely apply pesticides to bodies of water, in order to become state certified.
Searchable Transcript
Toggle between list and paragraph view.
- [00:00:01.053](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:00:14.290]Hello, and welcome to the pesticide applicator
- [00:00:16.330]re-certification training on the aquatic pest control
- [00:00:19.470]category, number zero five on your license.
- [00:00:22.290]This category covers pesticide treatment
- [00:00:24.440]of aquatic environments.
- [00:00:26.020]Today we will hear from experts discussing aquatic plants,
- [00:00:29.630]their growth, and control methods,
- [00:00:31.870]as well as state and industry professionals
- [00:00:33.850]on chemical treatment methods.
- [00:00:36.430]This training will provide a valuable review of practices
- [00:00:39.590]you may have already been using,
- [00:00:41.320]as well as more recent information.
- [00:00:43.340]Enjoy.
- [00:00:45.410](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:00:52.320]Hi, my name's Katie Pekarek,
- [00:00:53.927]and I'm an extension educator
- [00:00:55.430]with the University of Nebraska.
- [00:00:57.280]Today we're out at Holmes Lake,
- [00:00:58.970]and we're gonna talk a little bit about
- [00:01:00.710]aquatic vegetation, biology and identification.
- [00:01:04.000]Although too much aquatic vegetation
- [00:01:05.900]can be a problem for recreational use,
- [00:01:08.020]such as sporting activities, boating, and fishing,
- [00:01:10.850]a little bit of aquatic vegetation
- [00:01:12.640]is essential for the health of our aquatic environment.
- [00:01:16.760]Aquatic vegetation has many benefits.
- [00:01:19.020]It can do things like oxygenate the water
- [00:01:21.340]so you have an oxygen source
- [00:01:22.850]for the fish and wildlife within the pond.
- [00:01:25.530]It provides food, shelter, cover
- [00:01:27.820]for numerous aquatic organisms.
- [00:01:29.890]It can also help to stabilize the shoreline
- [00:01:32.050]and stabilize the bottom of the pond.
- [00:01:35.020]Therefore you're holding that soil in place
- [00:01:37.370]and minimizing the erosion,
- [00:01:39.200]and lowering the turbidity of the water.
- [00:01:41.640]Unfortunately when plant growth becomes excessive,
- [00:01:44.600]the aquatic vegetation becomes weeds.
- [00:01:47.040]This occurs primarily when ponds have had
- [00:01:50.050]additional sediment coming in over the years,
- [00:01:52.220]called sedimentation, and with that sediment
- [00:01:54.710]it has brought in fertilizer such as nitrogen and phosphorus
- [00:01:58.260]which then allow the weeds to grow to an excessive extent.
- [00:02:01.800]Locations most prone to aquatic weed growth
- [00:02:04.710]include those that have had sedimentation over the years,
- [00:02:07.940]where the water levels are shallower,
- [00:02:10.190]and where phosphorous and nitrogen
- [00:02:12.850]have become excessive within the water.
- [00:02:14.890]Additionally, anywhere where there is stagnant water
- [00:02:18.580]allows vegetation to become more established.
- [00:02:22.350]It's really when the water becomes shallow
- [00:02:25.410]and you have that penetration of the light
- [00:02:27.930]from the surface to where the seed has landed,
- [00:02:31.230]that's where you're getting that growth
- [00:02:33.000]of the aquatic vegetation.
- [00:02:34.390]So in a canal you're gonna see it mostly along the banks,
- [00:02:37.440]whereas in a lake you're gonna see it mostly along the edges
- [00:02:40.180]when you've got the sedimentation coming in.
- [00:02:42.520]If you have a pond, even though it's smaller than a lake
- [00:02:45.210]in most people's minds, if you have a pond it's most likely
- [00:02:48.850]to become excessively vegetated along the banks as well.
- [00:02:52.740]But if you have a very diverse pond,
- [00:02:55.630]and if you have those appropriate,
- [00:02:57.210]changing depths throughout the pond
- [00:02:58.860]you can really minimizes the amount
- [00:03:00.240]of aquatic weeds that you see in a pond.
- [00:03:03.850]All right, so there's several different problems
- [00:03:05.760]that can be associated with excessive weed growth.
- [00:03:08.320]One of the most common problems that we think of
- [00:03:11.190]is having an interference with our recreational activities.
- [00:03:14.190]Things like boating become very difficult,
- [00:03:16.300]things like fishing become extremely difficult.
- [00:03:19.130]You also have certain species of aquatic weeds
- [00:03:22.090]and dying and decomposing weeds
- [00:03:23.950]that really can contribute to a foul taste in the water
- [00:03:27.450]or a foul odor, and you can also have things occurring
- [00:03:31.440]within the water that create an ugly color to the water.
- [00:03:35.230]You can actually have tannins
- [00:03:36.470]released from the aquatic weeds
- [00:03:38.240]that create a dinge to the color as well.
- [00:03:41.540]And finally, when you get a lot of excessive weeds,
- [00:03:44.010]once you have there, die off and decay,
- [00:03:46.140]they actually end up using the oxygen from the water
- [00:03:49.210]for their decomposition and for their growth.
- [00:03:52.180]But what this does is that it takes away oxygen
- [00:03:54.570]from the water that the fish need to survive.
- [00:03:57.170]So weed identification is extremely critical
- [00:04:00.350]to selecting the correct and appropriate action
- [00:04:02.940]to managing those weeds.
- [00:04:04.460]So we basically break it down into
- [00:04:05.970]five different categories of aquatic weeds.
- [00:04:09.650]Those include algae, free floating vegetation,
- [00:04:15.020]rooted floating vegetation, submerged vegetation,
- [00:04:19.080]and emergent vegetation.
- [00:04:21.480]So this is an arrowhead,
- [00:04:22.620]this is an example of an emergent weed.
- [00:04:24.790]So what you have is you have a root
- [00:04:26.910]that is down in the soil itself,
- [00:04:29.320]you have a stalk that is coming up through the water,
- [00:04:32.220]and then you have these arrowheads
- [00:04:33.780]that are actually sticking out of the water,
- [00:04:35.840]or emerging out of the water.
- [00:04:37.570]So this is something that we call an emergent plant.
- [00:04:41.010]So another example of emergent vegetation
- [00:04:43.240]would be to include cattails.
- [00:04:45.080]These are something that most people are
- [00:04:46.650]fairly familiar with, and actually end up being
- [00:04:49.610]the bane of most ponds and lakes.
- [00:04:52.540]Unfortunately cattails have gotten a bad reputation.
- [00:04:55.050]If you have just a few cattails,
- [00:04:56.820]they actually add to the diversity
- [00:04:58.550]of the aquatic vegetation.
- [00:05:00.530]However, when you get cattails growing in excess
- [00:05:03.300]and you get a lot of shallow depths,
- [00:05:05.300]you can create a real cattail habitat
- [00:05:07.460]and the cattails can take over the entire pond or lake.
- [00:05:11.140]Moving on to our submerged category,
- [00:05:12.940]one of the most common submerged aquatic weeds is milfoil.
- [00:05:17.050]Milfoil is rooted into the bottom of the sediment,
- [00:05:20.050]and the green leaves actually float up
- [00:05:22.190]into the water column but do not emerge out of the water.
- [00:05:25.540]So therefore the entire plant is submerged under water.
- [00:05:29.460]So the next couple categories that we're gonna talk about
- [00:05:31.930]are the rooted floating and the free floating aquatic weeds.
- [00:05:35.760]One of the most common aquatic floating vegetations
- [00:05:39.040]that we think about is actually a lily.
- [00:05:41.270]They have this kind of a picturesque quality to them,
- [00:05:45.220]but there's lots of other alternative
- [00:05:47.650]floating and rooted floating weeds within a pond.
- [00:05:51.670]One of the more common ones to think of
- [00:05:53.860]is duck meal or duckweed.
- [00:05:56.810]Duckweed is a beautiful bright greenish-yellow color,
- [00:06:00.690]and it kind of comes into something
- [00:06:02.470]that looks like you've got small, round rice grains,
- [00:06:05.660]about the size of a rice grain floating on top of the water.
- [00:06:08.630]It usually is clumped together and floating together,
- [00:06:11.290]but when it starts you might just see
- [00:06:13.890]a group of three little dots right together.
- [00:06:17.840]So probably the most common rooted floating weed
- [00:06:21.350]that we do have is the American Pondweed.
- [00:06:24.530]It's got a long stalk that comes out of the water
- [00:06:26.980]and has a floating weed on top.
- [00:06:29.990]There are invasive versions of this,
- [00:06:32.500]such as like the curly pondweed
- [00:06:34.470]that can really cause excessive problems,
- [00:06:37.060]and again, this happens most often
- [00:06:39.510]when you have shallow areas that have become sedimented in,
- [00:06:43.750]and the nutrients, phosphorous and sediment
- [00:06:46.130]have made the area ripe for pondweed growth.
- [00:06:50.530]Okay, so the next thing we're gonna talk about is algae.
- [00:06:53.100]This is actually a filamentous algae,
- [00:06:55.220]and one of the great things about it is that
- [00:06:57.330]it really sticks, and it's almost like its grabbing things.
- [00:07:00.500]So it's able to hold things in place.
- [00:07:03.100]But you'll even notice here that you've got
- [00:07:04.650]one of these submerged vegetations,
- [00:07:06.650]this Eurasian milfoil, stuck within the algae itself.
- [00:07:11.552]Now algae is another category of our types of plants
- [00:07:15.940]that we're talking about today.
- [00:07:17.790]So we really talk about three types of algae.
- [00:07:20.380]One if filamentous algae, so that's the ones
- [00:07:22.660]that you think about having the big, long strings.
- [00:07:24.960]The other one would be planktonic algae,
- [00:07:27.360]so you might think about something like a pea soup algae,
- [00:07:29.980]so when you get in the water
- [00:07:31.040]and you can't see through the greenness.
- [00:07:33.860]And then the third one is actually not a true algae,
- [00:07:36.790]it's more of a primitive bacteria,
- [00:07:39.730]but it has the powers of photosynthesizing like algae,
- [00:07:42.986]and that's what we call blue-green algae
- [00:07:45.430]or toxic blue-green algae.
- [00:07:47.540]So the big difference between the aquatic vegetation
- [00:07:50.140]and the algae is going to be that
- [00:07:52.970]the algae is not going to need that soil requirement.
- [00:07:55.850]It's getting its nutrients and its food source
- [00:07:58.300]from the floating and the available
- [00:08:00.230]phosphorous and nitrogen that's within the water column.
- [00:08:03.136]In Nebraska the main time that you're going to see
- [00:08:05.720]an algae bloom is in the spring runoff season.
- [00:08:08.440]So when rainfall events are the greatest
- [00:08:11.280]and they're actually carrying the water and the nutrients
- [00:08:13.700]off of the soil surface into the ponds and the lakes,
- [00:08:16.480]giving the algae a greater food source to grow
- [00:08:19.800]is when you're going to see the algae blooms
- [00:08:22.120]most often occurring in Nebraska.
- [00:08:25.010]So aquatic weeds are like any other vegetation
- [00:08:27.410]you might see, on the banks or not in a pond situation.
- [00:08:30.710]They require certain things for them to grow successfully.
- [00:08:34.470]The first of which is going to be
- [00:08:36.330]the proper soil temperature conditions.
- [00:08:38.840]So you have to have the right soil temperature
- [00:08:40.790]that lets the seeds from these aquatic weeds start growing.
- [00:08:44.070]You also have to have the proper light conditions,
- [00:08:46.840]so you have to have sunlight during the day
- [00:08:48.910]and you have to have enough of a day length
- [00:08:50.430]for these to begin growing.
- [00:08:52.490]And then you also have to have
- [00:08:53.850]some of the proper water conditions.
- [00:08:55.470]So in the case of aquatic vegetation,
- [00:08:57.950]that water has brought in the nutrients
- [00:08:59.960]or the food source for the plants,
- [00:09:02.430]and so when it has those three things combined,
- [00:09:04.630]it has a water source and a food source,
- [00:09:06.650]it has light so it can complete photosynthesis
- [00:09:09.490]and it has the proper growing temperatures,
- [00:09:11.610]then the aquatic weeds can grow.
- [00:09:13.660]And sometimes they grow to an exciting amount,
- [00:09:16.980]and sometimes they grow in excess.
- [00:09:19.040]So when managing for aquatic vegetation,
- [00:09:21.437]they really don't begin growing in Nebraska until June,
- [00:09:24.930]and sometimes they really don't need to be managed for
- [00:09:27.130]until mid-June or July.
- [00:09:28.910]That's because these are when the soil temperatures
- [00:09:31.980]and the light conditions and the water conditions
- [00:09:34.330]have become ideal for their growth.
- [00:09:36.660]Now these plants will continue to grow
- [00:09:38.240]on through the summer, they'll have a little bit
- [00:09:40.130]of a lull during the summer, and can grow excessively
- [00:09:43.540]again going straight into the fall.
- [00:09:45.990]The best benefit we have in Nebraska is that
- [00:09:48.550]in the winter the aquatic weeds will die back,
- [00:09:51.870]can be cut back, and they'll actually overwinter
- [00:09:55.860]and then begin their whole growth cycle again
- [00:09:57.960]come again in the spring.
- [00:10:00.610](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:10:07.930]The first thing we're going to talk about today
- [00:10:10.180]is rooted aquatic vegetation.
- [00:10:12.810]So the first thing you can do to prevent
- [00:10:14.850]an excess of aquatic vegetation is prevention.
- [00:10:18.540]So the number one thing you can do
- [00:10:20.010]is prevent nutrients from entering your water body source.
- [00:10:24.100]So in this case, not fertilizing around the immediate area
- [00:10:27.026]of a water body will prevent fertilizers and the nutrients,
- [00:10:31.490]such as nitrogen and phosphorous,
- [00:10:33.640]from running off with stormwater into the water body.
- [00:10:37.170]By preventing those nutrients from entering the water body,
- [00:10:40.410]you can prevent some of the aquatic vegetation
- [00:10:43.580]and excessive weed growth in your lake.
- [00:10:47.030]Another thing you can do to prevent
- [00:10:49.070]some of the aquatic vegetation growth
- [00:10:51.240]is to reduce the amount of animals
- [00:10:53.320]that are in contact with your water body.
- [00:10:55.420]So by preventing an excess number of water fowl,
- [00:10:58.230]such as geese or ducks, by preventing livestock
- [00:11:02.220]from entering or being nearby and crossing water bodies,
- [00:11:06.340]and by preventing animals such as pets and wildlife,
- [00:11:09.750]as much as possible, from entering
- [00:11:12.330]and excreting their waste in the water,
- [00:11:15.670]you can prevent the growth of some of this vegetation.
- [00:11:19.590]So another thing you can do to prevent
- [00:11:21.608]excessive aquatic weed growth is to
- [00:11:24.840]make some habitat alterations.
- [00:11:26.870]So one of the things you can do is put rip rap along
- [00:11:29.610]the sides of the banks, this will reduce or prevent erosion.
- [00:11:33.230]You can also do things like put down
- [00:11:35.210]erosion control matting or other vegetation
- [00:11:37.900]that will actually hold the soil in place.
- [00:11:40.550]By preventing that soil from entering the lake,
- [00:11:43.230]you will prevent some of the nutrients
- [00:11:44.900]that bind to our soil.
- [00:11:46.140]Especially in Nebraska we have phosphorous
- [00:11:48.250]that binds very tightly to our clays.
- [00:11:50.950]So by preventing that clay soil from entering a lake
- [00:11:53.720]or a pond, you can prevent a lot of the nutrient source
- [00:11:57.060]that the aquatic weeds need to grow.
- [00:11:59.170]Some other physical habitat alterations
- [00:12:01.270]that can be done to manage aquatic weed growth
- [00:12:04.540]include lowering your pond so that in the winter
- [00:12:07.360]you can actually kill off some of that vegetation.
- [00:12:10.270]You can also deepen and dredge the pond.
- [00:12:13.150]By taking a pond to a three to one side slope,
- [00:12:15.760]you can reduce the amount of soil that's eroding,
- [00:12:17.950]and by creating the proper depths
- [00:12:20.030]and a varied amount of depths throughout the pond,
- [00:12:23.210]you can also reduce the amount of places
- [00:12:25.910]that weeds can actually grow in the pond.
- [00:12:28.932]Another thing that can be done to prevent
- [00:12:31.450]aquatic weed growth is to use shading within the pond.
- [00:12:35.890]So by using things like aquatic dyes,
- [00:12:38.490]you can actually limit the amount of sun
- [00:12:40.500]that is entering the pond, and by limiting the amount of sun
- [00:12:43.840]you limit the amount of photosynthesis
- [00:12:46.240]that can actually occur by the plants.
- [00:12:48.050]Thereby, limiting the growth of aquatic weeds.
- [00:12:51.480]Aeration systems have also been found
- [00:12:53.330]to reduce the amount of algal blooms
- [00:12:54.830]and aquatic weed vegetation within a pond.
- [00:12:57.779]Assuming they've been installed properly
- [00:13:00.480]and aren't turning up more nutrients
- [00:13:02.560]such as nitrogen and phosphorous,
- [00:13:04.450]these systems have been shown to
- [00:13:06.110]reduce the amount of algal blooms.
- [00:13:08.520]So next we're going to talk about
- [00:13:09.930]manual or mechanical control.
- [00:13:12.170]One of the best options for managing weeds,
- [00:13:14.400]especially in a smaller area,
- [00:13:16.750]is to use a mechanical control.
- [00:13:18.910]You can actually go in and do some hand-pulling,
- [00:13:21.430]if you combine lowering the water level
- [00:13:24.000]and mechanical controls such as raking,
- [00:13:26.720]hand-pulling and weeding all at the same time,
- [00:13:29.910]you can actually reduce the amount of vegetation
- [00:13:32.160]that grows back once you've done the mechanical pulling.
- [00:13:35.950]So another option to control aquatic vegetation
- [00:13:38.562]is to use biological controls.
- [00:13:41.050]So things like putting in beneficial feeder fish,
- [00:13:44.430]you can use something like a grass carp to put in the lake,
- [00:13:47.820]and the idea here is that you're going to control
- [00:13:50.260]the amount of vegetation growing and other unwanted species.
- [00:13:54.360]Unfortunately grass carp is not something that we recommend
- [00:13:57.720]with a regular basis due to the potential
- [00:14:01.030]for the grass carp to get out of control.
- [00:14:03.670]Another biological option is
- [00:14:05.350]to use something like a bio bag.
- [00:14:06.980]The idea is that you'll use beneficial bacterias
- [00:14:09.780]that you have in a bag that sets in the pond
- [00:14:12.680]for about a month, and that point those beneficial bacterias
- [00:14:15.850]will actually control the algae.
- [00:14:17.710]The research on these different varieties of bio bags
- [00:14:20.910]is not necessarily conclusive, so it's something that is
- [00:14:24.010]worth a look at, but needs to be tailored
- [00:14:26.840]to a specific pond or lake situation.
- [00:14:30.030]Next we're going to talk about chemical control
- [00:14:32.510]of algae and aquatic vegetation within a pond.
- [00:14:36.250]So one of the most common chemicals used
- [00:14:38.860]to treat pond algae and aquatic vegetation
- [00:14:42.368]is a copper chelate or a copper sulfate.
- [00:14:45.480]While this is an effective use,
- [00:14:47.280]it is important to remember that it is only a first step,
- [00:14:51.070]and should be considered along with the many other options
- [00:14:54.074]of treating and managing for aquatic vegetation.
- [00:14:58.360]Contact herbicides are one method
- [00:15:00.270]of chemical control that are often used.
- [00:15:02.620]They are easy to apply, readily available locally,
- [00:15:06.227]and have a good advantage of being able to target
- [00:15:09.970]a specific plant species while leaving others unaffected.
- [00:15:13.770]They give a homeowner or a pond owner great control
- [00:15:16.700]over what vegetation remains within a pond.
- [00:15:20.240]Some potential disadvantages and precautions
- [00:15:22.680]when using herbicides include that
- [00:15:24.070]they are potentially expensive.
- [00:15:26.670]They also require that the applicator know
- [00:15:28.590]exactly what plant species it is being applied to,
- [00:15:32.110]and that you know the specific treatment area
- [00:15:34.570]that the contact herbicide is being applied to.
- [00:15:37.620]They also pose some risk to the applicator themselves,
- [00:15:40.775]and it is most common that these chemicals
- [00:15:44.730]need to be applied multiple times throughout the season.
- [00:15:47.800]Because there is a potential for risk,
- [00:15:49.820]it is important that you follow safety precautions.
- [00:15:52.410]Always read and follow the label,
- [00:15:54.350]and be sure to follow PPE requirements.
- [00:15:57.550]So most aquatic herbicides
- [00:15:58.940]will not harm fish or wildlife populations.
- [00:16:01.560]However, applying at an incorrect dosage, or applying
- [00:16:05.140]too much to too much of the surface area of the pond,
- [00:16:08.320]and thereby killing too much of the aquatic vegetation
- [00:16:11.590]at one time, can result in some hazards.
- [00:16:14.250]Too much of a certain chemical can result in fish dying
- [00:16:17.720]or aquatic habitat modification,
- [00:16:20.330]and by applying too much herbicide
- [00:16:23.010]to the entire surface area of the pond,
- [00:16:25.220]you may kill all of the algae
- [00:16:26.700]or aquatic vegetation at one time.
- [00:16:29.000]This results in an oxygen use by the algae
- [00:16:31.780]that's dying and decomposing,
- [00:16:33.650]and thereby the fish are no longer able to get the oxygen.
- [00:16:37.080]This results in a fish kill.
- [00:16:39.250]If incorrect formulations or application rates are used,
- [00:16:42.360]there poses a significant risk
- [00:16:44.320]to both wildlife and the environment.
- [00:16:47.270]This can result in targeting non-target species,
- [00:16:50.490]killing off aquatic vegetation
- [00:16:53.290]that is potentially beneficial,
- [00:16:55.619]or interfering with spawning and fish populations.
- [00:17:00.980]Be sure to always read and follow the label.
- [00:17:03.450]Some restrictions for certain chemicals
- [00:17:05.840]apply to swimming, to contact with the water,
- [00:17:09.050]to drinking water, or to the potential harvesting and eating
- [00:17:13.320]of the fish populations within the water.
- [00:17:15.740]So now we're gonna talk a little bit
- [00:17:17.380]about toxic algae, or blue-green algae.
- [00:17:20.950]And the name itself is a little bit of a misnomer,
- [00:17:23.440]because blue-green algae is actually a bacteria.
- [00:17:26.740]The interesting thing about this bacteria though
- [00:17:29.020]is that it actually functions like an algae
- [00:17:31.860]in that it can photosynthesize.
- [00:17:34.740]So blue-green algae most typically
- [00:17:36.850]looks like a paint sheen on the surface.
- [00:17:38.890]It kind of has that John Deere bright green sheen to it,
- [00:17:42.760]and is very often easily noticed in the pond system.
- [00:17:48.240]blue-green algae needs similar requirements
- [00:17:51.110]as other aquatic vegetation to grow.
- [00:17:54.050]One of the main things that will result in blue-green algae
- [00:17:57.630]is an excess of nutrients such as phosphorous and nitrogen.
- [00:18:01.450]blue-green algae has a growing prevalence
- [00:18:03.730]throughout Nebraska and the rest of the United States.
- [00:18:06.700]Unfortunately with blue-green algae,
- [00:18:08.680]we're not sure what requirements
- [00:18:11.290]are needed to make toxic algae.
- [00:18:14.650]So there are several different strains of the bacteria
- [00:18:17.950]that are considered blue-green algae.
- [00:18:20.100]Some of these strains and specific species are always toxic.
- [00:18:24.720]Others of theses species become toxic
- [00:18:27.050]only given certain environmental conditions.
- [00:18:30.530]And there is a lot of research
- [00:18:31.880]that is continuing to be done on blue-green algae
- [00:18:34.680]to determine what levels of toxicity occur,
- [00:18:37.970]and how these occur.
- [00:18:39.740]If you have a blue-green algae bloom
- [00:18:41.520]it is important to refrain from contact with the water.
- [00:18:44.750]Most commonly, pets are the first ones
- [00:18:46.630]to go into the water with blue-green algae.
- [00:18:49.320]When they come out, they're covered with the algae spores.
- [00:18:52.070]As they lick to clean themselves,
- [00:18:54.220]they actually break open the spores and create the toxins.
- [00:18:57.900]As they're cleaning themselves and they ingest those toxins,
- [00:19:00.919]then those toxin attack the liver system
- [00:19:04.522]and eventually result in the death of most pets.
- [00:19:08.450]This is also a problem in having blue-green algae
- [00:19:11.609]with livestock, with wildlife,
- [00:19:14.010]and especially if swimmers or others
- [00:19:17.110]come in contact with the blue-green algae.
- [00:19:19.500]The best thing that can be done to control blue-green algae
- [00:19:22.210]is to use prevention.
- [00:19:23.870]So similar to the other algae control
- [00:19:26.080]methods that we've mentioned before.
- [00:19:27.810]Things like soil testing, buffer strips,
- [00:19:30.910]and erosion protection can really help
- [00:19:33.170]at managing the growth and introduction of blue-green algae.
- [00:19:38.634](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:19:44.430]Hi, I'm Dave Ford, I'm the irrigation manager
- [00:19:46.660]at the Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District
- [00:19:48.930]in Holdrege Nebraska.
- [00:19:50.230]We're outside here today along the Phelps Canal
- [00:19:52.760]out northeast of Holdrege.
- [00:19:55.520]I'm Steve Osterbuhr, Central Nebraska Public Power.
- [00:19:58.520]And I guess I work with Dave on aquatic weed control.
- [00:20:02.956]We look at two main pests for us in our irrigation canal,
- [00:20:07.340]we look at some type of algae, filamentous algae,
- [00:20:10.660]and then the sago pondweed
- [00:20:12.340]are the two pests that we battle the most.
- [00:20:16.771]We mainly use a couple different algaecides,
- [00:20:19.230]we use copper products,
- [00:20:21.180]and then we also use a Teton as an algaecide.
- [00:20:24.200]The Endothall product product we use is called Cascade,
- [00:20:28.453]it's been a very good product.
- [00:20:29.710]We use that product mainly for sago pondweed
- [00:20:31.977]and American pondweed, and then the algaecide is the algae
- [00:20:35.496]that you see floating on top, or the filamentous algae
- [00:20:38.170]that's growing up from the bottom,
- [00:20:40.330]we use the copper products and the Teton for that.
- [00:20:42.240]So both have been, we've found both of those
- [00:20:44.780]very effective, very cost-effective,
- [00:20:46.610]and they're a safe product to use.
- [00:20:49.026]They're not hazardous materials and doesn't require
- [00:20:53.200]any special licensing, that type of thing.
- [00:20:54.740]You of course have to have your applicator's license
- [00:20:56.720]but you don't need Hazmat, that type of thing.
- [00:20:59.820]We've set up a trailer here to apply our algaecide
- [00:21:03.716]and the stuff that we use to control the pondweed.
- [00:21:07.500]It provides a very efficient way to apply the product,
- [00:21:10.490]everything's in the same trailer and compact,
- [00:21:12.851]and easy to move around from one site to another.
- [00:21:14.997]The other thing it provides is an element of safety.
- [00:21:17.370]We can go ahead and start applying this,
- [00:21:19.167]and we can lock that trailer up
- [00:21:20.440]for security reasons and this type of thing.
- [00:21:22.260]So I'm gonna have Steve talk about some of the processes
- [00:21:25.340]they do to set that trailer up and get it ready to run.
- [00:21:28.080]What we usually do is we figure out,
- [00:21:30.090]when we're setting up the trailer we figure out
- [00:21:31.960]our canal CFS so we know how much product to apply,
- [00:21:36.290]at the parts per million rate
- [00:21:39.310]and for the contact time that we want.
- [00:21:41.500]And we carry two different tanks in here,
- [00:21:43.830]one we use Teton and the other we use Cascade,
- [00:21:46.670]and they both hold 100 gallons.
- [00:21:48.500]And we use these float boxes,
- [00:21:50.630]which is a little float that's in there that controls
- [00:21:53.260]the depth of the water, and then we have a dial on the side
- [00:21:58.600]that we control, and we can set them up 'cause we need
- [00:22:01.670]a contact time of about six hours.
- [00:22:05.060]So it's dripping at 100 gallons for six hours,
- [00:22:09.020]and so the guys right now are setting up
- [00:22:10.730]the trailer with that for an application.
- [00:22:14.950]One of the things with those float boxes
- [00:22:16.460]that you mentioned do, they provide a very uniform pressure,
- [00:22:21.250]a very uniform application of the chemical.
- [00:22:25.740]As your tank is full it has more head pressure,
- [00:22:27.730]as it gets lower you're gonna reduce that,
- [00:22:29.530]and so the stream of chemicals is gonna change.
- [00:22:31.770]The float boxes even that out.
- [00:22:34.050]One of the things that we use also is a drip system,
- [00:22:37.060]and we've found this to be very effective
- [00:22:39.410]as a preemptive control method
- [00:22:42.740]is to put a solution of copper product
- [00:22:46.010]in these 30 gallon barrels, and we put it at a check
- [00:22:49.100]where we incorporate the water,
- [00:22:50.270]where the water mixes very well as it's applied,
- [00:22:53.100]and it'll take several hours for the product to go in there.
- [00:22:56.480]And so as that water is moving downstream,
- [00:23:00.210]the algae that is in that section will take that chemical up
- [00:23:04.197]and actually it does a very good job of taking it all up,
- [00:23:07.451]there's very little that goes beyond where we want it to go.
- [00:23:10.474]But it provides a very good control method,
- [00:23:13.780]very good control for the algae in that section.
- [00:23:16.636]The other thing that we have is our truck
- [00:23:19.250]that is set up, and we'll use this to spray
- [00:23:22.090]normally along the banks, but if we're applying chemical
- [00:23:24.850]directly on the water or if we have a situation
- [00:23:26.880]where we can shut the water off and just have standing water
- [00:23:29.820]we can apply some copper on there
- [00:23:31.340]and just increase our exposure time.
- [00:23:33.287]The way we have our trucks set up back here
- [00:23:35.600]is we have adjustable boom so we can raise and lower,
- [00:23:38.380]so that way the guy can watch, the operator can watch
- [00:23:41.630]the spray pattern, and make sure he's applying it
- [00:23:45.200]only where he needs to.
- [00:23:46.750]And if he needs to we put a longer boom on it
- [00:23:50.428]to get it out over the canal so that way
- [00:23:52.960]we can get the exposure and the water contact
- [00:23:56.130]or the bank contact that we're after.
- [00:23:58.800]And then he can adjust it accordingly,
- [00:24:00.870]because you know the roads change and the heights of roads.
- [00:24:04.568]The other thing we have is a hose reel that we can come out
- [00:24:09.270]and we got a handgun that we can actually target it,
- [00:24:12.097]specific spots that we can't get to with the truck,
- [00:24:15.100]sometimes you have to go about 20, 30 feet.
- [00:24:17.920]In addition to the chemical control that we've shown you,
- [00:24:20.840]we also use mechanical methods to get our results,
- [00:24:26.930]and one of them would be with the hydraulic excavators,
- [00:24:29.380]backhoes, and you dip the material out of the canal
- [00:24:33.980]and get rid of it, excavate it out.
- [00:24:35.990]Another one is the sloper, where we can slope the canal,
- [00:24:39.140]reshape it, make it a little bit deeper
- [00:24:41.280]so you don't have the sunlight penetration.
- [00:24:43.610]And then it pulls the product to the sides and up and out.
- [00:24:47.910]And another thing that we introduced this year
- [00:24:50.510]and we had a pretty good success with in the right canals
- [00:24:53.700]is what they call a bump blower, it's a feed bump blower.
- [00:24:57.190]And it blows air out with a blower
- [00:25:00.872]over 300 mile an hour into the bottom of the canal,
- [00:25:04.030]and if you get that close it'll blow everything,
- [00:25:06.130]even the dirt out to a certain extent.
- [00:25:08.420]And it does very well in certain conditions.
- [00:25:11.271]A very effective way of nutrient management,
- [00:25:14.287]getting those nutrients out of the canal
- [00:25:17.010]and so we're excited to have an additional
- [00:25:20.100]tool in our toolbox to work on that.
- [00:25:23.314]We've also done some pre-emergent where we've had,
- [00:25:27.540]maybe we've used some of these things we've talked about,
- [00:25:29.680]got all the nutrients, all the crop residue,
- [00:25:34.059]out of the canals.
- [00:25:35.260]We then were able to go in with a pre-emergent,
- [00:25:37.750]and spray that canal maybe one time
- [00:25:40.280]prior to the irrigation season,
- [00:25:41.800]and then have year long weed control,
- [00:25:44.848]year long aquatic vegetation control as a result of that.
- [00:25:50.592]We're just getting into that a little bit more,
- [00:25:53.667]trying to be very conservative in making sure
- [00:25:55.920]that it's going to accomplish what we want to,
- [00:25:58.820]and it's an expensive thing to do that.
- [00:26:02.110]But so is all this other stuff
- [00:26:03.810]that we're talking about as well.
- [00:26:04.860]So there are some conditions that
- [00:26:07.283]that maybe is gonna be your best option,
- [00:26:09.510]and it's been very effective for us
- [00:26:12.545]in the trials that we've run.
- [00:26:14.520]We talked about de-watering,
- [00:26:15.820]of course we de-water in the off season each and every year.
- [00:26:19.300]But during the irrigation season, after a big rain event
- [00:26:22.060]or maybe early in the season when irrigation is very light
- [00:26:25.970]or nonexistent, we can reduce the water in the canals.
- [00:26:30.370]And we can either take it all out and dry that up,
- [00:26:34.240]dry that stuff that's growing up
- [00:26:36.370]without the use of any chemicals.
- [00:26:38.840]But even if we can only get the water out for a few days
- [00:26:41.180]and maybe it's still wet, we can go in there
- [00:26:42.860]and we can spray something on top of that in standing water
- [00:26:46.190]and get very effective control using that method.
- [00:26:51.000]One of the most important things
- [00:26:52.550]in dealing with all these chemicals is safety.
- [00:26:55.600]The PPE that the guys use when applying the products
- [00:26:59.180]or working around the products is crucial.
- [00:27:01.350]You need to look at your MSGS,
- [00:27:03.380]and they always list what you have to use,
- [00:27:06.100]but sometimes you'll choose to go
- [00:27:08.310]a little bit farther than that just to be on the safe side.
- [00:27:12.499]Rubber gloves, face shields, goggles,
- [00:27:15.491]respirators on certain chemicals.
- [00:27:20.517]The MSGS is, you need to research that
- [00:27:25.010]before you're using any chemicals.
- [00:27:27.820]And we use, if you have short sleeves on like we do today,
- [00:27:31.309]we have rubber gloves and then we have
- [00:27:33.810]these sleeve deals that we put on.
- [00:27:36.412]And then you wear long pants and face shields,
- [00:27:39.730]and like say goggles if you're worried about splashing,
- [00:27:43.600]and some things with the respirators.
- [00:27:47.410]Looking at off target impacts of what you're applying,
- [00:27:53.134]we're fortunate here, our system is a closed system.
- [00:27:57.090]We're not returning water back to the stream or to the river
- [00:27:59.900]and so we're able to contain that.
- [00:28:02.745]With some chemicals, as you read the label,
- [00:28:04.850]you'll know if you have risks there.
- [00:28:07.230]And if you have restrictions
- [00:28:08.730]in regard to returning water to a stream.
- [00:28:10.990]And so you need to be aware of that.
- [00:28:13.810]The other thing we are aware of is what crops are out there.
- [00:28:16.550]And so we have to read those labels
- [00:28:18.070]and understand the chemicals that we're using,
- [00:28:20.870]if they're impacting the crops
- [00:28:22.620]that our producers are growing,
- [00:28:23.900]and make sure that we're not
- [00:28:25.740]having an adverse impact with that.
- [00:28:28.598]As we talk about all these things,
- [00:28:31.610]probably the most important part,
- [00:28:34.582]every part's important I guess,
- [00:28:37.070]as you go through this process
- [00:28:38.520]everything's got a high level of importance.
- [00:28:42.500]Personal safety is probably the highest level.
- [00:28:45.420]But the other thing is, as you look as rates,
- [00:28:47.860]look at the labels, make sure those rates are correct.
- [00:28:50.490]Not to over-apply and not to under-apply,
- [00:28:52.210]there's detrimental effects, consequences to both of those.
- [00:28:56.776]If you don't apply enough, you've wasted your money
- [00:29:00.070]and your time and your effort to control.
- [00:29:02.480]Also plants will start to build up resistance
- [00:29:06.170]to those chemicals by under-applying.
- [00:29:08.810]And obviously the impacts of over-application
- [00:29:11.330]to the environment and to the people applying it
- [00:29:13.940]are very hazardous, as well.
- [00:29:15.120]So just make sure you understand that, again,
- [00:29:18.640]you've got a big investment in equipment
- [00:29:21.020]and manpower and chemicals, you wanna put them
- [00:29:24.660]to the most cost-effective use that you can.
- [00:29:27.250]And get control of what you're after and do it safely.
- [00:29:31.680]And so everybody can go home at night
- [00:29:33.710]and enjoy their families, and come back to work tomorrow.
- [00:29:38.013](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:29:44.790]Hi, I'm Phil Chvala, I'm a fisheries biologist
- [00:29:47.290]with Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
- [00:29:49.350]out of our Norfolk office.
- [00:29:51.610]Today I'm gonna talk to you about vegetation treatment,
- [00:29:55.890]primarily, and how to deal with
- [00:29:58.965]excessive amount of it potentially.
- [00:30:02.009]I wanna start though by saying that some vegetation
- [00:30:06.040]in a lake is required, you need that out there,
- [00:30:08.890]the fish need it out there.
- [00:30:10.620]They need cover, it provides food production,
- [00:30:14.440]so it's a real necessary attribute
- [00:30:16.540]on any of our lake systems and waterways.
- [00:30:20.166]But at times, whether it be the species
- [00:30:22.810]or just the abundance of it,
- [00:30:24.600]it becomes a problem and it needs to be dealt with.
- [00:30:28.070]And so there are three methods you can use
- [00:30:31.210]to try and control vegetation,
- [00:30:32.650]there's physical, biological and chemical.
- [00:30:36.642]Physical involves going out there with equipment
- [00:30:40.814]and removing it, physically, as the name implies.
- [00:30:45.200]Raking the vegetation out up on the bank.
- [00:30:47.963]It's a lot of hard work and a lot of times
- [00:30:50.750]it's pretty short-term as far as that goes.
- [00:30:54.150]Biological.
- [00:30:57.120]The main one people think of is grass carp,
- [00:31:00.510]they'll eat the vegetation,
- [00:31:02.680]but they're kind of a tough one to deal with
- [00:31:06.290]'cause it's hard to get that balance of what you want
- [00:31:09.210]numbers-wise for grass carp in a system.
- [00:31:12.499]If you don't have enough they won't have an effect,
- [00:31:15.523]and you get too many they'll eat everything,
- [00:31:17.970]and you won't have rooted vegetation in there
- [00:31:21.120]but you'll end up having algae blooms pretty regularly.
- [00:31:25.230]What nature's trying to do is balance that
- [00:31:27.170]submergent vegetation and algae that's out there,
- [00:31:31.750]whether it be planktonic or filamentous.
- [00:31:34.100]There are nutrients in the water to be used,
- [00:31:37.530]nitrogen, phosphorous,
- [00:31:39.220]and at certain times of the year
- [00:31:42.458]your rooted vegetation may die back,
- [00:31:45.300]which we see in a lot of our lakes with curly pondweed.
- [00:31:48.630]It'll die back substantially
- [00:31:50.670]in fairly short order on its own.
- [00:31:53.542]And then there's not rooted plants
- [00:31:56.740]using the nutrients out there,
- [00:31:59.700]so then it shifts over to algae
- [00:32:01.450]and you end up with the lake looking like pea soup
- [00:32:03.350]for a little while then, too.
- [00:32:06.400]But today I'm gonna talk a little bit about
- [00:32:07.790]some of the chemicals that we use,
- [00:32:09.230]because that's kind of our preferred method
- [00:32:11.240]for dealing with vegetation problems.
- [00:32:16.067]If there were another option other than chemical
- [00:32:18.270]that'd be one I'd lean towards,
- [00:32:19.470]but this is the best way to deal with it.
- [00:32:22.584]And in the business we're in,
- [00:32:25.120]we're just trying to open up some areas,
- [00:32:27.070]we're not doing a whole lake treatment typically.
- [00:32:29.930]We're trying to open up areas for fishing access,
- [00:32:33.720]trying to open up boat ramp areas, not only for aesthetics
- [00:32:37.720]but we have our clean, drain and dry law now
- [00:32:40.750]where people can't move vegetation or water
- [00:32:44.380]from one water body to another.
- [00:32:47.592]We wanna help out as best we can with that.
- [00:32:50.600]If we can get that boat ramp clear of vegetation,
- [00:32:53.760]then it's less likely that they're gonna be
- [00:32:55.810]pulling some down the road on their trailer.
- [00:32:58.710]And making it less work for the angler
- [00:33:00.650]or recreational boater, also.
- [00:33:03.547]So number one, you need to know what kind of plant
- [00:33:06.900]you're dealing, what the problem plant is.
- [00:33:09.050]Whether it's a rooted, submergent plant, an emergent plant,
- [00:33:13.790]or say filamentous algae, all those things require different
- [00:33:19.313]either chemicals or methods for applying the chemical.
- [00:33:23.646]Let's start off with algae.
- [00:33:25.660]The pesticide of choice with that
- [00:33:26.960]is usually a copper based compound or solution.
- [00:33:32.398]Copper sulfate was used for a long time,
- [00:33:35.069]and still is, and it works well,
- [00:33:37.770]but it can build up in the environment over time
- [00:33:39.950]and it's fairly toxic to fish,
- [00:33:42.210]especially young fish potentially in the shallows and such.
- [00:33:45.340]So we switched to a chelated copper compound
- [00:33:49.122]such as Cutrine Plus.
- [00:33:51.660]Like I said, it doesn't build up in the environment
- [00:33:53.990]and it's not quite as toxic to other critters,
- [00:33:59.430]and it's very effective for our use.
- [00:34:03.910]We don't do the planktonic algae treatment so much,
- [00:34:06.930]it's mainly dealing with the mats of filamentous algae
- [00:34:09.490]once they start floating around.
- [00:34:12.690]If we catch it early on,
- [00:34:14.650]we'll tend to treat it as it's growing up off the bottom.
- [00:34:17.910]It starts growing on the bottom and then catches air release
- [00:34:21.210]from those bottom sediments,
- [00:34:22.460]and then it turns into a floating mat.
- [00:34:24.900]And if we catch it early enough
- [00:34:26.160]we can use the granular herbicide,
- [00:34:28.350]and we'll just walk the shore and kinda
- [00:34:30.630]broadcast that out by hand, or use a hand spreader.
- [00:34:34.040]But if it gets to that point where it's matted up,
- [00:34:37.300]we pretty much switch over to the liquid.
- [00:34:39.670]And we use a set up like this, we've got a spray tank here,
- [00:34:42.933]a 12 volt spray tank like on an ATV,
- [00:34:45.670]and we hook it up to this boom,
- [00:34:47.640]and we'll drive over and kinda turn the mats blue,
- [00:34:51.410]essentially, we'll measure out the area
- [00:34:53.980]and kinda figure out how much chemical we need
- [00:34:56.270]to cover that specific area.
- [00:34:58.370]And then dilute it with water and work our way across it,
- [00:35:01.650]and treat it that way.
- [00:35:04.120]We also have a wand, if it's thick enough that the boat's
- [00:35:06.320]not gonna go through it real effectively,
- [00:35:08.330]we'll hook up the wand and we can spray
- [00:35:10.000]out to 20, 25 feet with that potentially.
- [00:35:13.511]Moving on, we'll go onto rooted vegetation,
- [00:35:16.300]rooted submerged vegetation.
- [00:35:18.840]Tribune Reward, that's a diquat based herbicide,
- [00:35:23.050]those are one we lean towards.
- [00:35:25.030]It's very effective, once again.
- [00:35:27.460]The nice thing about both of those chemicals
- [00:35:29.480]is they have little or no waiting period.
- [00:35:33.064]Right after treatment you can fish there,
- [00:35:35.870]you can go swimming there, things like that.
- [00:35:38.377]And what we'll do is mix a gallon of the diquat and Cutrine
- [00:35:42.700]together, because a lot of our problem rooted vegetation
- [00:35:47.260]requires a two gallon PRECOR treatment.
- [00:35:51.012]And the diquat's a little more expensive,
- [00:35:54.006]and Cutrine's relatively inexpensive.
- [00:35:57.502]But if you combine these two,
- [00:36:01.280]the Cutrine acts like a synergist for the diquat,
- [00:36:06.140]and you'll be treating,
- [00:36:08.200]it'll be like a two gallon PRECOR treatment
- [00:36:10.640]even though you're only using one gallon of Tribune.
- [00:36:12.994]Plus, you'll be treating the algae at the same time,
- [00:36:15.790]so you get a real bonus there by doing that.
- [00:36:19.800]Another chemical we have here is Sonar.
- [00:36:23.700]That's more of a volumetric herbicide.
- [00:36:27.170]That's something that will rid
- [00:36:29.620]pretty much the entire lake of vegetation.
- [00:36:32.390]And sometimes that's desired,
- [00:36:33.770]most of the time in our business it's not.
- [00:36:36.970]Also you need to be a little concerned with that
- [00:36:38.820]because if you have trees growing close to the pond
- [00:36:41.610]or something it can kill those also
- [00:36:44.090]if they're in close enough proximity.
- [00:36:46.380]So we'll move onto emergent vegetation
- [00:36:48.970]such as cattails, arrowhead, things like that.
- [00:36:51.690]Things that are sticking up out of the water.
- [00:36:53.630]What's worked well for us is a mixture of Habitat and Rodeo.
- [00:36:57.950]Rodeo is the aquatic form of Roundup,
- [00:37:00.540]glyphosate is the base chemical in that.
- [00:37:04.507]When you're treating emergent vegetation
- [00:37:07.070]it usually has a waxy surface on it,
- [00:37:09.760]so you need to add a surfactant
- [00:37:12.060]to get that chemical to adhere
- [00:37:14.029]and affect the plant like you need it to.
- [00:37:17.113]Person needs to be cautious,
- [00:37:19.100]though, because you don't wanna treat
- [00:37:21.840]too much of the surface area at once,
- [00:37:23.570]especially if you have a heavy vegetation infestation.
- [00:37:27.919]You only wanna treat a quarter to a third
- [00:37:30.430]of the surface area at a time,
- [00:37:32.726]otherwise if you treat the whole lake or too much of it,
- [00:37:35.949]that decomposing plant matter can actually create
- [00:37:38.710]an oxygen sag, and you can actually end up
- [00:37:41.360]having a fish kill through that process.
- [00:37:44.350]Sometimes...
- [00:37:46.870]There are certain species of fish
- [00:37:48.502]that we don't like in lakes and we do,
- [00:37:50.550]there are time that we do purposefully kill fish.
- [00:37:53.460]That's using another chemical called Rotenone,
- [00:37:56.097]and we'll talk about that in a later segment in the video.
- [00:37:59.618]But that's something that we do also.
- [00:38:03.996]Other than fish problems, we do have other animals
- [00:38:10.560]in the state that are coming on and creating problems.
- [00:38:14.340]The zebra mussel is a good example of that.
- [00:38:17.430]We have some suspect lakes, we have three of them
- [00:38:19.710]around Omaha that we found villagers in,
- [00:38:23.730]which is the microscopic form of that.
- [00:38:27.770]The life cycle of the zebra mussel is you have an adult,
- [00:38:30.920]the female lays eggs, they can release 30 to 40 thousand
- [00:38:35.040]at a time, and up to a million over a one year period.
- [00:38:38.970]So you can see them expanding fairly quickly
- [00:38:41.416]once they get into a system.
- [00:38:43.740]But anyway, so they release the eggs,
- [00:38:46.657]those hatch into villagers which are free swimming,
- [00:38:49.790]they can get into boat water,
- [00:38:53.060]your life tank water and stuff like that,
- [00:38:55.160]that's why our clean drain and dry protocol is so important.
- [00:38:58.930]That's one of the big issues
- [00:39:00.290]that we deal with is zebra mussels.
- [00:39:03.970]The best way to limit their expansion right now is,
- [00:39:09.400]well, and always is, education.
- [00:39:11.610]And that's kinda what we're leaning on.
- [00:39:13.290]Making people aware of how these things move around,
- [00:39:16.670]and why like I said it is so important
- [00:39:18.900]to clean drain and dry your watercraft.
- [00:39:21.995]Chemical techniques have been tried for treating them,
- [00:39:25.950]they've been fairly effective
- [00:39:28.520]but have not provided 100% kill,
- [00:39:31.860]so we don't spend our time on that much.
- [00:39:36.820]In these big systems, I mentioned we've got
- [00:39:39.330]some suspect lakes down near Omaha.
- [00:39:42.220]We've also got some infested areas.
- [00:39:43.990]We have Lewis and Clark Lake up on the Missouri River
- [00:39:47.078]west of Yankton, and then the whole Missouri River
- [00:39:50.250]downstream of Gavin's Point Dam is infested with them also.
- [00:39:54.890]And Offutt Air Force Base in Omaha is also infested.
- [00:40:00.965]A few years ago, Lake Zorinsky in Omaha was,
- [00:40:04.547]a live adult mussel was found there, and to treat that,
- [00:40:10.452]we knew from our experience at Offutt that the chemical
- [00:40:14.940]wasn't effective enough for our liking.
- [00:40:19.230]So we worked with the Corps and they drained the lake in
- [00:40:22.750]the wintertime, after all reproduction was done obviously,
- [00:40:28.070]but they drained the lake down as far as they could
- [00:40:32.249]and froze out and desiccated those zebra mussels.
- [00:40:36.170]And it's stayed clean since then for the most part,
- [00:40:39.550]there was a positive veliger sample
- [00:40:41.932]this year for the first time.
- [00:40:44.680]And that draw down actually occurred in 2010,
- [00:40:47.090]so it was fairly effective for six years, anyway.
- [00:40:50.763]So we'll have to see where it goes from there with that.
- [00:40:53.930]If we were to treat this lake today,
- [00:40:56.293]you can see the equipment we've got set up here.
- [00:40:59.973]We've got the 12 volt ATV sprayer
- [00:41:02.840]and we hook it up to this boom here.
- [00:41:05.822]We're gonna account for drift today,
- [00:41:08.396]we've got a little bit of a wind.
- [00:41:10.610]What we try to do is have these droppers down,
- [00:41:13.500]and have those near the surface
- [00:41:14.880]so we don't have to deal with drift,
- [00:41:16.800]don't have to be concerned with that too much.
- [00:41:19.740]Not only is that a concern for non-target organisms,
- [00:41:24.501]but also it's a concern for us applying the chemical.
- [00:41:31.525]So we can control drift, things like that,
- [00:41:34.994]control drop size, but we'll also,
- [00:41:38.320]to protect ourselves we're wearing
- [00:41:40.278]personal protective equipment or PPE
- [00:41:43.160]as it's referred to oftentimes.
- [00:41:47.720]Depending on the chemical you're working with,
- [00:41:50.110]different chemicals require different PPEs.
- [00:41:53.200]On some maybe just a pure, just a small dust mask
- [00:41:56.640]like this would be sufficient,
- [00:41:58.560]other times you need a carbon filtered,
- [00:42:01.830]organic filter full respirator.
- [00:42:05.440]To protect our hands and skin we'll wear,
- [00:42:08.220]nitrile gloves are the best to use, nice long cuff on them.
- [00:42:13.440]If you didn't have anything else,
- [00:42:15.730]these disposable nitrile gloves will work.
- [00:42:21.039]These are latex gloves,
- [00:42:23.170]typically they are not recommended for chemical applications
- [00:42:26.140]so you'd wanna stay away from those.
- [00:42:30.324]These are another good choice for protecting your hands,
- [00:42:34.551]but they get awful hot.
- [00:42:36.100]So it's situational, just make sure it's chemical resistant,
- [00:42:41.530]and nitrile is one of the better ones.
- [00:42:43.840]We protect eyes, may use goggles or a face shield.
- [00:42:49.700]We have a couple different types of goggles.
- [00:42:52.690]There are ones that are sealed up all the way around,
- [00:42:55.790]no air can get in there.
- [00:42:57.320]This one, it breathes a little bit better,
- [00:42:59.210]so it'll be cooler on a hot day.
- [00:43:02.120]But different chemicals may require
- [00:43:04.480]that you wear a sealed up goggle.
- [00:43:10.540]To protect ourselves entirely or the rest of our body,
- [00:43:14.529]say Reward here, or the diquat based chemical,
- [00:43:18.670]it requires that you wear coveralls over anything else
- [00:43:22.250]including, even if you're wearing long pants and long shirt
- [00:43:24.600]the label says to wear coveralls of some sort.
- [00:43:27.450]So you can buy something like this, the white Tyvek suit,
- [00:43:32.100]or a lot of times we'll just put on rain gear.
- [00:43:36.605]I tend to have a set of rain gear
- [00:43:39.430]that is designated for chemical application,
- [00:43:42.747]and that's all I use it for.
- [00:43:45.214]For those times when action is required,
- [00:43:48.446]just remember that it is important to ID the problem
- [00:43:52.849]organism correctly, and then apply the chemical
- [00:43:57.676]that's produced to deal with that organism.
- [00:44:01.480]Like I said, we've got a variety of chemicals here,
- [00:44:04.490]we've got algaecides, we've got chemicals that deal with
- [00:44:08.790]submersed plants, and always remember, label's the law,
- [00:44:13.150]read your label, wear your protective gear,
- [00:44:15.860]account for wind, things like that.
- [00:44:19.100]Because it's about taking care of the problem
- [00:44:21.650]but also not creating another problem.
- [00:44:24.600]So the methods we've talked about today
- [00:44:27.030]should help you manage for a quality experience,
- [00:44:30.133]whether it be fishing or other sorts of recreation,
- [00:44:34.240]on the lake system.
- [00:44:37.622](upbeat instrumental music)
- [00:44:45.220]I'm Jeff Shuckman, I'm with the Nebraska Game and Parks
- [00:44:47.510]Commission in the fishery division, I'm the fish manager
- [00:44:50.210]for the northeast district, which is northeast Nebraska
- [00:44:54.550]and about half of north central Nebraska.
- [00:44:57.140]And I'm here to talk a little bit today about the use
- [00:45:00.360]of Rotenone, which is to create an intentional fish kill.
- [00:45:04.620]Occasionally we have problems with fish populations
- [00:45:07.450]that get out of balance or might get contaminated
- [00:45:09.520]with some rough fish or some invasive fish,
- [00:45:12.080]and we need to basically start over
- [00:45:14.550]with the process of managing that water body,
- [00:45:16.780]and we use a chemical called Rotenone
- [00:45:19.292]to kill the fish and start over.
- [00:45:22.050]Rotenone is made from the root of the derris plant,
- [00:45:25.210]it's imported from South America,
- [00:45:27.620]and it's very effective at killing fish.
- [00:45:31.349]We put that chemical in the water
- [00:45:33.860]and it doesn't take the oxygen out of the water
- [00:45:36.560]like a lot of people think, it inhibits the oxygen uptake
- [00:45:40.030]in the fish at the cellular level.
- [00:45:41.860]So they get it within their system,
- [00:45:43.860]and then they basically can't uptake the oxygen
- [00:45:46.720]and they suffocate and it kills them.
- [00:45:49.890]It's very effective, there's some things it's dependent upon
- [00:45:53.180]to make it more effective
- [00:45:56.601]and the breakdown of it after you apply it,
- [00:46:00.520]but the main thing with it is it has to be put on evenly.
- [00:46:03.916]Many times you wanna draw the lake down,
- [00:46:06.200]you don't wanna have a lot of shoreline
- [00:46:07.640]vegetation that you have to treat,
- [00:46:09.690]or areas that maybe you can't get the Rotenone to,
- [00:46:12.880]so there's a lot of factors that go into a good renovation.
- [00:46:16.567]We recently did a renovation, it's been a few years ago
- [00:46:20.270]up in Pierce at Gilman Park Lake,
- [00:46:22.520]and we demonstrated how we put this chemical on,
- [00:46:26.360]and we used a system of application
- [00:46:29.340]that utilizes a tank in the boat, and a pump system
- [00:46:33.260]where we basically siphon off the chemical,
- [00:46:37.040]mix it with lake water, and pump it into the lake.
- [00:46:40.820]And it's a very effective method of applying Rotenone.
- [00:46:47.526]And at this time I probably should mention too
- [00:46:50.250]that Rotanone is a strictly controlled chemical.
- [00:46:54.271]In order to use it, for a private citizen to use it,
- [00:46:57.750]even though you might have a commercial applicator license,
- [00:47:00.570]you have to have permission from Game and Parks
- [00:47:02.480]before you apply this chemical
- [00:47:03.990]'cause it is a fish toxicant and we are very concerned,
- [00:47:08.010]we don't want people out there killing a bunch of fish.
- [00:47:10.490]And there are certain applications
- [00:47:11.880]where we will allow the use of this chemical,
- [00:47:14.690]and certain applications where we will
- [00:47:16.080]not allow the use of this chemical.
- [00:47:17.460]So always contact Game and Parks
- [00:47:19.540]prior to doing any fish renovation
- [00:47:21.420]with the product called Rotenone.
- [00:47:23.960]To do a renovation, successful renovation,
- [00:47:27.120]with the chemical called Rotenone,
- [00:47:29.490]there are some pre-planning things that need to be done.
- [00:47:31.940]Number one, you need to know the volume of the lake,
- [00:47:34.450]and that is determined by acre feet,
- [00:47:36.820]and that's simply the surface area times the average depth,
- [00:47:40.890]gives you the number of acre feet in the lake.
- [00:47:44.170]And we try to on a general renovation
- [00:47:48.840]go with a three to five part per million treatment,
- [00:47:51.480]normally three parts per million
- [00:47:52.860]unless it's real heavily organic water will be sufficient
- [00:47:57.300]to kill all the fish in the lake.
- [00:47:59.850]So we do our calculations first,
- [00:48:02.501]have the appropriate amount of chemical,
- [00:48:04.740]and when it comes time to apply it,
- [00:48:06.610]generally what we do is apply it in a grid fashion.
- [00:48:10.050]You wanna get it on fairly evenly,
- [00:48:12.250]and some of the video from the Gilman Park at Pierce
- [00:48:15.900]we're actually doing what we call a surface application.
- [00:48:19.140]So basically we'll circle the lake,
- [00:48:21.510]do the perimeter of the lake first,
- [00:48:22.770]try to drive the fish out of the shallows.
- [00:48:25.230]The liquid formulation of this chemical does have a carrier
- [00:48:28.820]with it to keep this chemical in suspension and solution.
- [00:48:32.400]And the fish can kinda detect that,
- [00:48:34.780]so we'll hit the shorelines first,
- [00:48:36.100]drive them out of the shoreline areas,
- [00:48:38.191]and then do a grid pattern back and forth
- [00:48:40.582]width-wise and length-wise across the lake
- [00:48:43.574]to get that chemical on evenly,
- [00:48:46.042]until we've got the prescribed amount of chemical on.
- [00:48:49.720]A neat tool that we use now are these GPS depth finders.
- [00:48:53.170]As we go back and forth across the lake
- [00:48:55.680]you have the tracking capability on those,
- [00:48:58.250]and we can follow our pattern and make sure
- [00:49:00.250]we're not leaving any gaps in coverage in there.
- [00:49:02.740]This chemical does spread out in the water
- [00:49:04.670]pretty good by itself, but you still wanna
- [00:49:06.620]try to get an even distribution on it.
- [00:49:09.050]Also if a lake is deeper than say 12 to 15 feet
- [00:49:13.840]we always recommend pumping down,
- [00:49:16.100]and that's just simply putting a weighted hose down
- [00:49:19.100]and pumping your chemical down deeper
- [00:49:20.770]to get to those deeper areas of the lake.
- [00:49:23.400]With that being said, there are considerations
- [00:49:25.720]for the time of the year you do the treatment.
- [00:49:28.700]If you're doing it in the summertime in a deeper lake,
- [00:49:30.910]you gotta check for stratification
- [00:49:32.470]because those layers of water will not mix,
- [00:49:35.470]and if you put chemical in the lower cold bottom layer,
- [00:49:39.040]it will not mix with the top layer.
- [00:49:41.410]So you have to do additional calculations
- [00:49:43.530]to make sure you get the amount of chemical down below.
- [00:49:46.290]A lot of times in the lower parts of the lake
- [00:49:49.280]in a stratified lake there's no oxygen there,
- [00:49:51.660]but that doesn't mean you can skip treating those areas.
- [00:49:55.310]Fish can go in and out of those areas at times
- [00:49:57.850]and live on half a part per million
- [00:50:00.170]or a tenth of a part per million of oxygen for a short time,
- [00:50:02.670]so you still wanna treat those areas.
- [00:50:05.380]In the winter time, right before ice up
- [00:50:07.920]or even an under the ice treatment which we've done before,
- [00:50:11.060]stays toxic for a long time and is a good way to treat,
- [00:50:14.050]and it could stay toxic for up to seven weeks.
- [00:50:16.580]So based on the time of year there are some
- [00:50:19.330]different considerations on putting on Rotenone
- [00:50:22.000]and getting a successful treatment.
- [00:50:24.150]The other thing you need to do is avoid
- [00:50:26.960]a lot of flooded vegetation along the shorelines
- [00:50:29.650]during the renovation, it's always a good idea
- [00:50:32.160]to draw the lake down or pond down as low as it will be,
- [00:50:35.850]or renovate during a drought period.
- [00:50:38.770]You don't want small fish, especially carp or some
- [00:50:41.441]rough fish, undesirable fish, hiding up in those weeds
- [00:50:44.420]and you can't get the chemical to them.
- [00:50:46.690]If you've got extensive shallow areas and flooded vegetation
- [00:50:50.651]it's best to probably have an air boat.
- [00:50:53.470]We do have a nozzle we affectionately call a carp cannon
- [00:50:57.960]that we can shoot chemicals 60 feet off of one of our pumps,
- [00:51:01.500]and we can get back into some of these areas
- [00:51:03.180]and saturate it with Rotenone.
- [00:51:05.050]But that's something to really keep in mind,
- [00:51:07.060]you have to treat all areas of a lake with Rotenone
- [00:51:11.050]to make it successful and get a good kill.
- [00:51:14.200]The other thing you wanna avoid is outflow.
- [00:51:17.468]If there is outflow, we may or may not,
- [00:51:22.007]Game and Parks this is speaking,
- [00:51:23.700]we may or let you treat that body of water with an outflow.
- [00:51:26.970]And if you do, and we can come up with a plan to treat that,
- [00:51:30.450]you have to detoxify the water as it leaves the lake or pond
- [00:51:36.460]that you're working on, and that's through the use
- [00:51:38.620]of potassium permanganate in a drip station.
- [00:51:41.410]And again, a whole bunch of series of calculations on
- [00:51:44.010]how to determine that, because otherwise you could kill fish
- [00:51:46.940]for miles down that stream, and nobody wants that.
- [00:51:49.700]And we can't have that and can't allow that.
- [00:51:53.906]Try to avoid outflow at all costs.
- [00:51:57.330]If you have inflow coming into a lake with no outflow,
- [00:52:01.050]which is a situation sometimes that you can do,
- [00:52:03.590]if you can draw it down, pump it down enough,
- [00:52:05.550]you actually have to treat some of that inflow, also.
- [00:52:08.660]And if you have seeps, you have to treat those
- [00:52:10.730]with what we call drip stations.
- [00:52:12.800]And we'll show an example of a drip station,
- [00:52:16.210]how to set that up.
- [00:52:17.530]Because if you have freshwater coming into a pond or lake,
- [00:52:20.310]those fish are gonna get their nose up there
- [00:52:22.500]and they're not gonna get the toxicity
- [00:52:26.340]from the Rotenone and they will get by.
- [00:52:28.330]So there are a number of factors involved in planning
- [00:52:32.328]and carrying out a successful fish renovation.
- [00:52:36.250]So we're gonna talk about some different techniques
- [00:52:38.730]in applying Rotenone now that apply to renovation,
- [00:52:41.960]and that's drip station, low dose treatment,
- [00:52:45.410]and powdered Rotenone.
- [00:52:46.930]Many times we use liquid Rotenone,
- [00:52:48.730]which is a 5% active ingredient formulation.
- [00:52:51.900]It's easy to work with, easy to put on,
- [00:52:54.336]actually easy for the applicator also.
- [00:52:57.788]But in some instances we use powdered Rotenone.
- [00:53:01.490]Powdered Rotenone is about 25% of the cost
- [00:53:04.750]of liquid Rotenone now, but there are special methods
- [00:53:08.970]to apply powdered Rotenone, and special PPEs
- [00:53:12.610]that you have to wear to avoid inhaling the dust.
- [00:53:15.380]But powdered Rotenone is simply
- [00:53:16.480]what it implies, it's a powder.
- [00:53:18.230]It's a five to 7% powder, it's put on at the same
- [00:53:21.740]application rate in terms of parts per million
- [00:53:24.820]as the liquid formulation is, but we use a suction system
- [00:53:29.735]or a Venturi system based on a Utah design.
- [00:53:34.145]The state of Utah has been in the forefront of this.
- [00:53:38.430]Very specific on how to put this in.
- [00:53:41.060]I know you can read on the internet,
- [00:53:42.540]they talk about you can put it in a burlap bag
- [00:53:44.535]and drag it around the lake, things like that,
- [00:53:46.457]and that's probably be pretty well effective.
- [00:53:49.300]But in order to save money on large scale renovations
- [00:53:53.010]it's probably best to use some powdered.
- [00:53:55.080]Also the fish don't seem to detect the powder
- [00:53:57.810]like they do the carriers that are involved
- [00:53:59.630]with the liquid Rotenone.
- [00:54:01.200]So sometimes we'll use liquid around the edges
- [00:54:03.700]and then put the powder in the middle
- [00:54:05.030]after we drive them into the middle of the lake.
- [00:54:07.200]But if anybody's thinking about using powdered Rotenone,
- [00:54:09.938]check with us here at the Game and Parks
- [00:54:12.470]and we can give you our techniques
- [00:54:14.440]and our expertise on dealing with powder.
- [00:54:17.070]The other thing, a new technique
- [00:54:18.740]that's been developed here lately
- [00:54:20.320]is called low dose Rotenone treatment.
- [00:54:23.160]And that is basically if you're targeting certain species
- [00:54:26.150]that can be killed with Rotenone with a very low level,
- [00:54:29.730]and we're talking nine to 10 parts per billion.
- [00:54:33.076]Species like white perch, gizzard shad, even common carp
- [00:54:36.720]can be killed with a very low dose amount of Rotenone.
- [00:54:40.549]And what that does, it saves you from killing
- [00:54:43.940]all the fish in a lake, even those sport fish
- [00:54:46.663]that you don't necessarily wanna target.
- [00:54:49.580]And you just say you wanna wipe out,
- [00:54:51.240]try to get the gizzard shad under control, wipe them out,
- [00:54:54.251]and kill some common carp and white perch and things.
- [00:54:58.007]There's a lot of calculations and data needed
- [00:55:00.890]to do a successful low dose operation,
- [00:55:03.299]but it is a valuable technique
- [00:55:05.330]that we're looking at here in the future,
- [00:55:07.880]and doing it this time in certain lakes in Nebraska.
- [00:55:11.410]That involves very good volumetric data on the lake,
- [00:55:14.840]so you gotta have a good lake map of it and average depth,
- [00:55:18.520]and then you have to apply the Rotenone very slowly,
- [00:55:21.760]very evenly, at the different depths and different sections
- [00:55:24.940]and dilute it perhaps two or 300 to one
- [00:55:27.485]so you don't develop any hot spots.
- [00:55:29.913]There's still a chance you're gonna get some
- [00:55:32.106]non-target kill, might see some catfish, some crappie,
- [00:55:35.760]walleye, stuff like that would be killed with it.
- [00:55:38.470]But for the most part we're just targeting
- [00:55:40.500]certain sensitive species for that.
- [00:55:42.740]So that's something that's new on the horizon
- [00:55:45.640]that we've been working with,
- [00:55:46.750]and shows a lot of promise going forward.
- [00:55:49.530]Another technique to use if you've got inflow or seeps
- [00:55:52.550]coming into a body of water, again, we've got it drawn down
- [00:55:55.620]so we don't have an outflow, but you need to treat
- [00:55:57.560]some seep areas or perhaps a little stream
- [00:55:59.940]that's coming in, is a drip station.
- [00:56:02.370]And that simply is putting a steel barrel
- [00:56:05.030]with a PVC standpipe with a ball valve on it
- [00:56:08.264]so you can calculate, or drip the right amount of chemical
- [00:56:13.000]to treat that water and keep it toxic
- [00:56:15.390]so as it enters that water body you're trying to treat,
- [00:56:18.500]fish don't have a source of freshwater
- [00:56:21.070]where they can get by and escape the renovation.
- [00:56:23.760]There's some calculations to do on that for flow and water,
- [00:56:27.930]lot of times they're on the label,
- [00:56:30.316]on these Rotenone containers, or you can find those online.
- [00:56:34.630]But it's a pretty simple calculation to do.
- [00:56:36.840]Shoot for your three to five part per million treatment,
- [00:56:39.288]the duration of time you wanna treat,
- [00:56:41.380]whether it's 10 or 12 hours,
- [00:56:43.320]and then put the desired amount of chemical in the barrel,
- [00:56:45.810]fill the rest of it up with water,
- [00:56:47.430]calibrate your drip tube by your ball valve,
- [00:56:51.800]and that's simply you can do with
- [00:56:53.240]a stop watch and a graduated container.
- [00:56:56.550]And once you get things calibrated and set up,
- [00:56:59.190]all you gotta do is set that barrel there over that water,
- [00:57:01.723]and have it set right and walk away for 12 hours.
- [00:57:05.030]And that'll do its job.
- [00:57:06.600]So again, if you need help with some of the calculations
- [00:57:10.000]and expertise on that, the guys at the Game and Parks
- [00:57:13.290]fishery division will be glad to help you out on that.
- [00:57:16.320]One of the last things we wanna cover are the PPEs
- [00:57:18.340]or personal protective equipment needed for Rotenone.
- [00:57:21.452]And remember, the label is the law,
- [00:57:23.780]so read the label carefully.
- [00:57:25.760]And when working with concentrated Rotenone
- [00:57:28.542]whether it's liquid or powder,
- [00:57:30.355]you have to wear a respirator,
- [00:57:33.040]make sure you're not breathing that stuff up.
- [00:57:34.427]And there are certain requirements on the type
- [00:57:36.280]of cartridge and filter you have to put in that.
- [00:57:38.350]It's on the label, read that carefully
- [00:57:40.230]when you go to your local ag supply dealer
- [00:57:43.360]and look for a respirator,
- [00:57:45.270]make sure you get the proper cartridges on that.
- [00:57:47.697]The other thing you wanna wear
- [00:57:48.820]are chemical resistant gloves,
- [00:57:50.580]make sure you don't get any of that stuff
- [00:57:51.960]on your hands, be careful of that.
- [00:57:53.880]You wanna wear long sleeves, long pants,
- [00:57:56.360]rubber boots, and keep that stuff off you.
- [00:57:59.510]If you get any of the Rotenone on you, change your clothes,
- [00:58:03.676]if you get a lot of it on you,
- [00:58:05.850]get soiled pretty good with it,
- [00:58:07.150]I'd change my clothes immediately.
- [00:58:09.130]If not, wait 'til the end of the day.
- [00:58:11.072]You can actually wash that off, too, with some clean water
- [00:58:15.644]while you're out there working with this chemical.
- [00:58:18.170]The best thing is to keep it off you,
- [00:58:20.231]at the end of the day wash those clothes
- [00:58:21.560]separately from the rest of the laundry
- [00:58:23.250]so you don't get any of that chemical on your other clothes.
- [00:58:25.950]Other things that you have to worry about
- [00:58:27.648]when handling Rotenone, and this is with the concentrated,
- [00:58:34.030]liquid chemical, and with the powder,
- [00:58:38.240]you have to wear some type of eye protection.
- [00:58:40.800]You have to wear goggles or I kinda prefer the face shield,
- [00:58:44.540]with the hard hat in case there is any splash
- [00:58:48.840]coming off that you won't get that
- [00:58:50.260]on your scalp or on your hat or anything.
- [00:58:52.750]But you have to wear some eye protection with that.
- [00:58:57.017]When you're dealing with liquid,
- [00:58:59.450]once you mix the chemical, and this is why we put it
- [00:59:02.840]in the tanks on our boat and mix the liquid Rotenone
- [00:59:05.130]with water, it relaxes some of those PPE requirements.
- [00:59:08.770]In other words you don't have to have a respirator on
- [00:59:10.930]at that time so when we're out in the boat applying chemical
- [00:59:13.900]we don't have to wear a respirator all day.
- [00:59:15.890]If you're applying powder that's a different story,
- [00:59:17.860]you have to continue to wear your respirator.
- [00:59:20.720]But always always encourage people to wear eye protection,
- [00:59:23.940]wear their gloves, and like I said,
- [00:59:25.900]long sleeves and long pants and protect yourself
- [00:59:29.023]while you're out there.
- [00:59:30.030]But read the label, it'll tell you on there
- [00:59:32.260]what you need to use, the label's the law.
- [00:59:34.790]So in summary, we've talked about
- [00:59:36.560]the different techniques of applying Rotenone,
- [00:59:39.030]which is an effective chemical for killing fish.
- [00:59:41.450]Talked about drip stations, we talked about using liquid,
- [00:59:44.050]we talked about using powder, we talked about applying it
- [00:59:47.010]with our carp cannon, one of our favorite tools.
- [00:59:49.760]And we talked about the PPEs and protecting yourself.
- [00:59:53.973]Also I just wanna remind you in summary
- [00:59:56.610]that you cannot use Rotenone without permission
- [00:59:59.360]from the Game and Parks Commission.
- [01:00:01.000]And also there are requirements
- [01:00:03.692]for keeping records if you use this chemical.
- [01:00:08.250]And that's probably covered in some other sections
- [01:00:11.164]of your initial and re-certification training.
- [01:00:14.300]But don't forget to keep your records,
- [01:00:15.900]get permission from Game and Parks
- [01:00:17.410]before you put the chemical on,
- [01:00:19.190]and we'd be glad to give you our expertise in it
- [01:00:21.690]to make a renovation successful for you.
- [01:00:25.961](upbeat instrumental music)
- [01:00:35.140]Hello, my name is Trevor Johnson,
- [01:00:36.700]I'm the certification specialist
- [01:00:38.170]for the Nebraska Department of Agriculture,
- [01:00:40.070]and today I'm gonna tell you a little bit about
- [01:00:41.680]the laws and regulations as they relate
- [01:00:43.460]to the aquatic pest control category.
- [01:00:46.910]First, who needs a license.
- [01:00:48.620]Any individual applying restricted use pesticides
- [01:00:51.362]to an aquatic site must have a license.
- [01:00:55.110]This is due to the high toxicity
- [01:00:56.730]or potential hazard to the environment
- [01:00:58.370]that restricted use pesticides pose.
- [01:01:01.029]There are three different types of licenses in Nebraska,
- [01:01:03.751]commercial, non-commercial, and private license.
- [01:01:07.660]The private license is only for the production
- [01:01:09.460]of an agricultural commodity, and does not apply
- [01:01:11.550]to the aquatic pest control category.
- [01:01:15.260]So a commercial license is required
- [01:01:17.020]for anyone applying pesticides to the property
- [01:01:20.530]of another person for hire or compensation.
- [01:01:23.310]A non-commercial license is for those applying to property
- [01:01:26.180]owned by their employer or owned by them,
- [01:01:28.770]and it's specific to a single employer.
- [01:01:30.630]So make sure that if the employer changes,
- [01:01:32.870]you notify the Department of Agriculture.
- [01:01:37.205]There are a variety of target pests
- [01:01:39.450]when talking about aquatic pest control.
- [01:01:41.880]Can be anything from vegetation, algae, pondweed,
- [01:01:45.557]undesirable fish species or invasive species
- [01:01:49.200]such as zebra mussels or quagga mussels.
- [01:01:53.918]The definition of aquatic site is essentially
- [01:01:57.070]anywhere where surface water is present,
- [01:01:59.770]so this could be rivers, irrigation canals,
- [01:02:02.010]ponds, lakes, drainage ditches.
- [01:02:06.930]So here we have two products, ShoreKlear and Roundup.
- [01:02:10.400]Both contain the same active ingredient, glyphosate,
- [01:02:12.878]but they have very different inert ingredients.
- [01:02:15.480]And for this reason you cannot use Roundup on aquatic site.
- [01:02:20.020]It is always important when reading the label
- [01:02:21.820]to ensure that the site that you're applying to
- [01:02:24.010]is approved on the label.
- [01:02:26.530]This leads into my next point that the label is the law.
- [01:02:30.026]There's a statement on every label approved by the EPA,
- [01:02:33.460]'it is a violation of federal law to use this product'
- [01:02:36.067]'in a manner inconsistent with its labeling'.
- [01:02:39.145]It is your, the applicator's responsibility
- [01:02:41.910]to read and understand the label
- [01:02:43.533]and comply with all the legal obligations therein.
- [01:02:48.760]So on that label, there'll be different language.
- [01:02:51.650]Some of the language is mandatory,
- [01:02:53.360]such as must, do, or do not.
- [01:02:56.240]These represent legal obligations by the applicator
- [01:03:00.360]that they must understand and perform those.
- [01:03:03.580]There's also suggestive language such as should or may,
- [01:03:07.377]these are suggestions that are designed to limit
- [01:03:11.080]the exposure to the applicator and/or the environment.
- [01:03:16.220]As far as aquatic pesticide storage,
- [01:03:19.517]it is always important to store in the original container
- [01:03:22.820]with a legible label, that's important for all pesticides
- [01:03:26.050]so that you are sure you know what you're applying.
- [01:03:29.540]Maintain a water pesticide division,
- [01:03:32.110]so make sure the water doesn't get contaminated
- [01:03:34.130]by your pesticides and vice versa.
- [01:03:36.780]And then always store in a secure facility.
- [01:03:41.103]So as with all pesticide applications,
- [01:03:43.604]there's certain required record keeping.
- [01:03:46.526]You must keep track of all these things listed here.
- [01:03:50.320]You can keep track however you like,
- [01:03:51.700]you can keep track in a notebook, on your phone,
- [01:03:54.420]just make sure it's a permanent place of storage
- [01:03:57.430]and it's easy for you to access
- [01:03:58.800]in case on of our Nebraska Department of Ag inspectors
- [01:04:01.457]should ask you for your records.
- [01:04:05.300]So those records must be kept for a minimum of three years,
- [01:04:09.750]and they must be written down within
- [01:04:11.660]48 hours of your pesticide application.
- [01:04:14.320]Oftentimes it's easiest to just do it
- [01:04:16.620]right after the application
- [01:04:17.810]while it's still fresh in your memory.
- [01:04:19.820]If you have any questions about recordkeeping,
- [01:04:21.860]there are a couple resources, we have an NDA brochure,
- [01:04:24.840]and then we also have the website listed below.
- [01:04:29.988]Thank you for listening, if you'd like further information
- [01:04:33.090]on the aquatic pesticide category
- [01:04:35.080]you can go to either of the websites listed below,
- [01:04:37.360]and always remember, the label is the law.
- [01:04:40.969](upbeat instrumental music)
- [01:04:49.010]This concludes re-certification training
- [01:04:50.910]for the category zero five aquatic pest control.
- [01:04:54.110]We hope this video has provided new insights
- [01:04:57.030]for your work, as well as offering a review
- [01:04:59.280]of important pest-management principles.
- [01:05:02.130]Visit us anytime at pest ed dot UNL dot EDU for
- [01:05:06.050]more information on a variety of pesticide safety topics.
- [01:05:09.810]Thank you for your time, and be safe out there.
- [01:05:13.459](upbeat instrumental music)
The screen size you are trying to search captions on is too small!
You can always jump over to MediaHub and check it out there.
Log in to post comments
Embed
Copy the following code into your page
HTML
<div style="padding-top: 56.25%; overflow: hidden; position:relative; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1;"> <iframe style="bottom: 0; left: 0; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; border: 0; height: 100%; width: 100%;" src="https://mediahub.unl.edu/media/10016?format=iframe&autoplay=0" title="Video Player: Aquatic Recertification 2018" allowfullscreen ></iframe> </div>
Comments
0 Comments