Aquatic Recertification 2018

Frank Bright Author

10/03/2018 Added

14 Plays

Description

Learn how to safely apply pesticides to bodies of water, in order to become state certified.

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[00:00:01.053](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:00:14.290]Hello, and welcome to the pesticide applicator
[00:00:16.330]re-certification training on the aquatic pest control
[00:00:19.470]category, number zero five on your license.
[00:00:22.290]This category covers pesticide treatment
[00:00:24.440]of aquatic environments.
[00:00:26.020]Today we will hear from experts discussing aquatic plants,
[00:00:29.630]their growth, and control methods,
[00:00:31.870]as well as state and industry professionals
[00:00:33.850]on chemical treatment methods.
[00:00:36.430]This training will provide a valuable review of practices
[00:00:39.590]you may have already been using,
[00:00:41.320]as well as more recent information.
[00:00:43.340]Enjoy.
[00:00:45.410](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:00:52.320]Hi, my name's Katie Pekarek,
[00:00:53.927]and I'm an extension educator
[00:00:55.430]with the University of Nebraska.
[00:00:57.280]Today we're out at Holmes Lake,
[00:00:58.970]and we're gonna talk a little bit about
[00:01:00.710]aquatic vegetation, biology and identification.
[00:01:04.000]Although too much aquatic vegetation
[00:01:05.900]can be a problem for recreational use,
[00:01:08.020]such as sporting activities, boating, and fishing,
[00:01:10.850]a little bit of aquatic vegetation
[00:01:12.640]is essential for the health of our aquatic environment.
[00:01:16.760]Aquatic vegetation has many benefits.
[00:01:19.020]It can do things like oxygenate the water
[00:01:21.340]so you have an oxygen source
[00:01:22.850]for the fish and wildlife within the pond.
[00:01:25.530]It provides food, shelter, cover
[00:01:27.820]for numerous aquatic organisms.
[00:01:29.890]It can also help to stabilize the shoreline
[00:01:32.050]and stabilize the bottom of the pond.
[00:01:35.020]Therefore you're holding that soil in place
[00:01:37.370]and minimizing the erosion,
[00:01:39.200]and lowering the turbidity of the water.
[00:01:41.640]Unfortunately when plant growth becomes excessive,
[00:01:44.600]the aquatic vegetation becomes weeds.
[00:01:47.040]This occurs primarily when ponds have had
[00:01:50.050]additional sediment coming in over the years,
[00:01:52.220]called sedimentation, and with that sediment
[00:01:54.710]it has brought in fertilizer such as nitrogen and phosphorus
[00:01:58.260]which then allow the weeds to grow to an excessive extent.
[00:02:01.800]Locations most prone to aquatic weed growth
[00:02:04.710]include those that have had sedimentation over the years,
[00:02:07.940]where the water levels are shallower,
[00:02:10.190]and where phosphorous and nitrogen
[00:02:12.850]have become excessive within the water.
[00:02:14.890]Additionally, anywhere where there is stagnant water
[00:02:18.580]allows vegetation to become more established.
[00:02:22.350]It's really when the water becomes shallow
[00:02:25.410]and you have that penetration of the light
[00:02:27.930]from the surface to where the seed has landed,
[00:02:31.230]that's where you're getting that growth
[00:02:33.000]of the aquatic vegetation.
[00:02:34.390]So in a canal you're gonna see it mostly along the banks,
[00:02:37.440]whereas in a lake you're gonna see it mostly along the edges
[00:02:40.180]when you've got the sedimentation coming in.
[00:02:42.520]If you have a pond, even though it's smaller than a lake
[00:02:45.210]in most people's minds, if you have a pond it's most likely
[00:02:48.850]to become excessively vegetated along the banks as well.
[00:02:52.740]But if you have a very diverse pond,
[00:02:55.630]and if you have those appropriate,
[00:02:57.210]changing depths throughout the pond
[00:02:58.860]you can really minimizes the amount
[00:03:00.240]of aquatic weeds that you see in a pond.
[00:03:03.850]All right, so there's several different problems
[00:03:05.760]that can be associated with excessive weed growth.
[00:03:08.320]One of the most common problems that we think of
[00:03:11.190]is having an interference with our recreational activities.
[00:03:14.190]Things like boating become very difficult,
[00:03:16.300]things like fishing become extremely difficult.
[00:03:19.130]You also have certain species of aquatic weeds
[00:03:22.090]and dying and decomposing weeds
[00:03:23.950]that really can contribute to a foul taste in the water
[00:03:27.450]or a foul odor, and you can also have things occurring
[00:03:31.440]within the water that create an ugly color to the water.
[00:03:35.230]You can actually have tannins
[00:03:36.470]released from the aquatic weeds
[00:03:38.240]that create a dinge to the color as well.
[00:03:41.540]And finally, when you get a lot of excessive weeds,
[00:03:44.010]once you have there, die off and decay,
[00:03:46.140]they actually end up using the oxygen from the water
[00:03:49.210]for their decomposition and for their growth.
[00:03:52.180]But what this does is that it takes away oxygen
[00:03:54.570]from the water that the fish need to survive.
[00:03:57.170]So weed identification is extremely critical
[00:04:00.350]to selecting the correct and appropriate action
[00:04:02.940]to managing those weeds.
[00:04:04.460]So we basically break it down into
[00:04:05.970]five different categories of aquatic weeds.
[00:04:09.650]Those include algae, free floating vegetation,
[00:04:15.020]rooted floating vegetation, submerged vegetation,
[00:04:19.080]and emergent vegetation.
[00:04:21.480]So this is an arrowhead,
[00:04:22.620]this is an example of an emergent weed.
[00:04:24.790]So what you have is you have a root
[00:04:26.910]that is down in the soil itself,
[00:04:29.320]you have a stalk that is coming up through the water,
[00:04:32.220]and then you have these arrowheads
[00:04:33.780]that are actually sticking out of the water,
[00:04:35.840]or emerging out of the water.
[00:04:37.570]So this is something that we call an emergent plant.
[00:04:41.010]So another example of emergent vegetation
[00:04:43.240]would be to include cattails.
[00:04:45.080]These are something that most people are
[00:04:46.650]fairly familiar with, and actually end up being
[00:04:49.610]the bane of most ponds and lakes.
[00:04:52.540]Unfortunately cattails have gotten a bad reputation.
[00:04:55.050]If you have just a few cattails,
[00:04:56.820]they actually add to the diversity
[00:04:58.550]of the aquatic vegetation.
[00:05:00.530]However, when you get cattails growing in excess
[00:05:03.300]and you get a lot of shallow depths,
[00:05:05.300]you can create a real cattail habitat
[00:05:07.460]and the cattails can take over the entire pond or lake.
[00:05:11.140]Moving on to our submerged category,
[00:05:12.940]one of the most common submerged aquatic weeds is milfoil.
[00:05:17.050]Milfoil is rooted into the bottom of the sediment,
[00:05:20.050]and the green leaves actually float up
[00:05:22.190]into the water column but do not emerge out of the water.
[00:05:25.540]So therefore the entire plant is submerged under water.
[00:05:29.460]So the next couple categories that we're gonna talk about
[00:05:31.930]are the rooted floating and the free floating aquatic weeds.
[00:05:35.760]One of the most common aquatic floating vegetations
[00:05:39.040]that we think about is actually a lily.
[00:05:41.270]They have this kind of a picturesque quality to them,
[00:05:45.220]but there's lots of other alternative
[00:05:47.650]floating and rooted floating weeds within a pond.
[00:05:51.670]One of the more common ones to think of
[00:05:53.860]is duck meal or duckweed.
[00:05:56.810]Duckweed is a beautiful bright greenish-yellow color,
[00:06:00.690]and it kind of comes into something
[00:06:02.470]that looks like you've got small, round rice grains,
[00:06:05.660]about the size of a rice grain floating on top of the water.
[00:06:08.630]It usually is clumped together and floating together,
[00:06:11.290]but when it starts you might just see
[00:06:13.890]a group of three little dots right together.
[00:06:17.840]So probably the most common rooted floating weed
[00:06:21.350]that we do have is the American Pondweed.
[00:06:24.530]It's got a long stalk that comes out of the water
[00:06:26.980]and has a floating weed on top.
[00:06:29.990]There are invasive versions of this,
[00:06:32.500]such as like the curly pondweed
[00:06:34.470]that can really cause excessive problems,
[00:06:37.060]and again, this happens most often
[00:06:39.510]when you have shallow areas that have become sedimented in,
[00:06:43.750]and the nutrients, phosphorous and sediment
[00:06:46.130]have made the area ripe for pondweed growth.
[00:06:50.530]Okay, so the next thing we're gonna talk about is algae.
[00:06:53.100]This is actually a filamentous algae,
[00:06:55.220]and one of the great things about it is that
[00:06:57.330]it really sticks, and it's almost like its grabbing things.
[00:07:00.500]So it's able to hold things in place.
[00:07:03.100]But you'll even notice here that you've got
[00:07:04.650]one of these submerged vegetations,
[00:07:06.650]this Eurasian milfoil, stuck within the algae itself.
[00:07:11.552]Now algae is another category of our types of plants
[00:07:15.940]that we're talking about today.
[00:07:17.790]So we really talk about three types of algae.
[00:07:20.380]One if filamentous algae, so that's the ones
[00:07:22.660]that you think about having the big, long strings.
[00:07:24.960]The other one would be planktonic algae,
[00:07:27.360]so you might think about something like a pea soup algae,
[00:07:29.980]so when you get in the water
[00:07:31.040]and you can't see through the greenness.
[00:07:33.860]And then the third one is actually not a true algae,
[00:07:36.790]it's more of a primitive bacteria,
[00:07:39.730]but it has the powers of photosynthesizing like algae,
[00:07:42.986]and that's what we call blue-green algae
[00:07:45.430]or toxic blue-green algae.
[00:07:47.540]So the big difference between the aquatic vegetation
[00:07:50.140]and the algae is going to be that
[00:07:52.970]the algae is not going to need that soil requirement.
[00:07:55.850]It's getting its nutrients and its food source
[00:07:58.300]from the floating and the available
[00:08:00.230]phosphorous and nitrogen that's within the water column.
[00:08:03.136]In Nebraska the main time that you're going to see
[00:08:05.720]an algae bloom is in the spring runoff season.
[00:08:08.440]So when rainfall events are the greatest
[00:08:11.280]and they're actually carrying the water and the nutrients
[00:08:13.700]off of the soil surface into the ponds and the lakes,
[00:08:16.480]giving the algae a greater food source to grow
[00:08:19.800]is when you're going to see the algae blooms
[00:08:22.120]most often occurring in Nebraska.
[00:08:25.010]So aquatic weeds are like any other vegetation
[00:08:27.410]you might see, on the banks or not in a pond situation.
[00:08:30.710]They require certain things for them to grow successfully.
[00:08:34.470]The first of which is going to be
[00:08:36.330]the proper soil temperature conditions.
[00:08:38.840]So you have to have the right soil temperature
[00:08:40.790]that lets the seeds from these aquatic weeds start growing.
[00:08:44.070]You also have to have the proper light conditions,
[00:08:46.840]so you have to have sunlight during the day
[00:08:48.910]and you have to have enough of a day length
[00:08:50.430]for these to begin growing.
[00:08:52.490]And then you also have to have
[00:08:53.850]some of the proper water conditions.
[00:08:55.470]So in the case of aquatic vegetation,
[00:08:57.950]that water has brought in the nutrients
[00:08:59.960]or the food source for the plants,
[00:09:02.430]and so when it has those three things combined,
[00:09:04.630]it has a water source and a food source,
[00:09:06.650]it has light so it can complete photosynthesis
[00:09:09.490]and it has the proper growing temperatures,
[00:09:11.610]then the aquatic weeds can grow.
[00:09:13.660]And sometimes they grow to an exciting amount,
[00:09:16.980]and sometimes they grow in excess.
[00:09:19.040]So when managing for aquatic vegetation,
[00:09:21.437]they really don't begin growing in Nebraska until June,
[00:09:24.930]and sometimes they really don't need to be managed for
[00:09:27.130]until mid-June or July.
[00:09:28.910]That's because these are when the soil temperatures
[00:09:31.980]and the light conditions and the water conditions
[00:09:34.330]have become ideal for their growth.
[00:09:36.660]Now these plants will continue to grow
[00:09:38.240]on through the summer, they'll have a little bit
[00:09:40.130]of a lull during the summer, and can grow excessively
[00:09:43.540]again going straight into the fall.
[00:09:45.990]The best benefit we have in Nebraska is that
[00:09:48.550]in the winter the aquatic weeds will die back,
[00:09:51.870]can be cut back, and they'll actually overwinter
[00:09:55.860]and then begin their whole growth cycle again
[00:09:57.960]come again in the spring.
[00:10:00.610](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:10:07.930]The first thing we're going to talk about today
[00:10:10.180]is rooted aquatic vegetation.
[00:10:12.810]So the first thing you can do to prevent
[00:10:14.850]an excess of aquatic vegetation is prevention.
[00:10:18.540]So the number one thing you can do
[00:10:20.010]is prevent nutrients from entering your water body source.
[00:10:24.100]So in this case, not fertilizing around the immediate area
[00:10:27.026]of a water body will prevent fertilizers and the nutrients,
[00:10:31.490]such as nitrogen and phosphorous,
[00:10:33.640]from running off with stormwater into the water body.
[00:10:37.170]By preventing those nutrients from entering the water body,
[00:10:40.410]you can prevent some of the aquatic vegetation
[00:10:43.580]and excessive weed growth in your lake.
[00:10:47.030]Another thing you can do to prevent
[00:10:49.070]some of the aquatic vegetation growth
[00:10:51.240]is to reduce the amount of animals
[00:10:53.320]that are in contact with your water body.
[00:10:55.420]So by preventing an excess number of water fowl,
[00:10:58.230]such as geese or ducks, by preventing livestock
[00:11:02.220]from entering or being nearby and crossing water bodies,
[00:11:06.340]and by preventing animals such as pets and wildlife,
[00:11:09.750]as much as possible, from entering
[00:11:12.330]and excreting their waste in the water,
[00:11:15.670]you can prevent the growth of some of this vegetation.
[00:11:19.590]So another thing you can do to prevent
[00:11:21.608]excessive aquatic weed growth is to
[00:11:24.840]make some habitat alterations.
[00:11:26.870]So one of the things you can do is put rip rap along
[00:11:29.610]the sides of the banks, this will reduce or prevent erosion.
[00:11:33.230]You can also do things like put down
[00:11:35.210]erosion control matting or other vegetation
[00:11:37.900]that will actually hold the soil in place.
[00:11:40.550]By preventing that soil from entering the lake,
[00:11:43.230]you will prevent some of the nutrients
[00:11:44.900]that bind to our soil.
[00:11:46.140]Especially in Nebraska we have phosphorous
[00:11:48.250]that binds very tightly to our clays.
[00:11:50.950]So by preventing that clay soil from entering a lake
[00:11:53.720]or a pond, you can prevent a lot of the nutrient source
[00:11:57.060]that the aquatic weeds need to grow.
[00:11:59.170]Some other physical habitat alterations
[00:12:01.270]that can be done to manage aquatic weed growth
[00:12:04.540]include lowering your pond so that in the winter
[00:12:07.360]you can actually kill off some of that vegetation.
[00:12:10.270]You can also deepen and dredge the pond.
[00:12:13.150]By taking a pond to a three to one side slope,
[00:12:15.760]you can reduce the amount of soil that's eroding,
[00:12:17.950]and by creating the proper depths
[00:12:20.030]and a varied amount of depths throughout the pond,
[00:12:23.210]you can also reduce the amount of places
[00:12:25.910]that weeds can actually grow in the pond.
[00:12:28.932]Another thing that can be done to prevent
[00:12:31.450]aquatic weed growth is to use shading within the pond.
[00:12:35.890]So by using things like aquatic dyes,
[00:12:38.490]you can actually limit the amount of sun
[00:12:40.500]that is entering the pond, and by limiting the amount of sun
[00:12:43.840]you limit the amount of photosynthesis
[00:12:46.240]that can actually occur by the plants.
[00:12:48.050]Thereby, limiting the growth of aquatic weeds.
[00:12:51.480]Aeration systems have also been found
[00:12:53.330]to reduce the amount of algal blooms
[00:12:54.830]and aquatic weed vegetation within a pond.
[00:12:57.779]Assuming they've been installed properly
[00:13:00.480]and aren't turning up more nutrients
[00:13:02.560]such as nitrogen and phosphorous,
[00:13:04.450]these systems have been shown to
[00:13:06.110]reduce the amount of algal blooms.
[00:13:08.520]So next we're going to talk about
[00:13:09.930]manual or mechanical control.
[00:13:12.170]One of the best options for managing weeds,
[00:13:14.400]especially in a smaller area,
[00:13:16.750]is to use a mechanical control.
[00:13:18.910]You can actually go in and do some hand-pulling,
[00:13:21.430]if you combine lowering the water level
[00:13:24.000]and mechanical controls such as raking,
[00:13:26.720]hand-pulling and weeding all at the same time,
[00:13:29.910]you can actually reduce the amount of vegetation
[00:13:32.160]that grows back once you've done the mechanical pulling.
[00:13:35.950]So another option to control aquatic vegetation
[00:13:38.562]is to use biological controls.
[00:13:41.050]So things like putting in beneficial feeder fish,
[00:13:44.430]you can use something like a grass carp to put in the lake,
[00:13:47.820]and the idea here is that you're going to control
[00:13:50.260]the amount of vegetation growing and other unwanted species.
[00:13:54.360]Unfortunately grass carp is not something that we recommend
[00:13:57.720]with a regular basis due to the potential
[00:14:01.030]for the grass carp to get out of control.
[00:14:03.670]Another biological option is
[00:14:05.350]to use something like a bio bag.
[00:14:06.980]The idea is that you'll use beneficial bacterias
[00:14:09.780]that you have in a bag that sets in the pond
[00:14:12.680]for about a month, and that point those beneficial bacterias
[00:14:15.850]will actually control the algae.
[00:14:17.710]The research on these different varieties of bio bags
[00:14:20.910]is not necessarily conclusive, so it's something that is
[00:14:24.010]worth a look at, but needs to be tailored
[00:14:26.840]to a specific pond or lake situation.
[00:14:30.030]Next we're going to talk about chemical control
[00:14:32.510]of algae and aquatic vegetation within a pond.
[00:14:36.250]So one of the most common chemicals used
[00:14:38.860]to treat pond algae and aquatic vegetation
[00:14:42.368]is a copper chelate or a copper sulfate.
[00:14:45.480]While this is an effective use,
[00:14:47.280]it is important to remember that it is only a first step,
[00:14:51.070]and should be considered along with the many other options
[00:14:54.074]of treating and managing for aquatic vegetation.
[00:14:58.360]Contact herbicides are one method
[00:15:00.270]of chemical control that are often used.
[00:15:02.620]They are easy to apply, readily available locally,
[00:15:06.227]and have a good advantage of being able to target
[00:15:09.970]a specific plant species while leaving others unaffected.
[00:15:13.770]They give a homeowner or a pond owner great control
[00:15:16.700]over what vegetation remains within a pond.
[00:15:20.240]Some potential disadvantages and precautions
[00:15:22.680]when using herbicides include that
[00:15:24.070]they are potentially expensive.
[00:15:26.670]They also require that the applicator know
[00:15:28.590]exactly what plant species it is being applied to,
[00:15:32.110]and that you know the specific treatment area
[00:15:34.570]that the contact herbicide is being applied to.
[00:15:37.620]They also pose some risk to the applicator themselves,
[00:15:40.775]and it is most common that these chemicals
[00:15:44.730]need to be applied multiple times throughout the season.
[00:15:47.800]Because there is a potential for risk,
[00:15:49.820]it is important that you follow safety precautions.
[00:15:52.410]Always read and follow the label,
[00:15:54.350]and be sure to follow PPE requirements.
[00:15:57.550]So most aquatic herbicides
[00:15:58.940]will not harm fish or wildlife populations.
[00:16:01.560]However, applying at an incorrect dosage, or applying
[00:16:05.140]too much to too much of the surface area of the pond,
[00:16:08.320]and thereby killing too much of the aquatic vegetation
[00:16:11.590]at one time, can result in some hazards.
[00:16:14.250]Too much of a certain chemical can result in fish dying
[00:16:17.720]or aquatic habitat modification,
[00:16:20.330]and by applying too much herbicide
[00:16:23.010]to the entire surface area of the pond,
[00:16:25.220]you may kill all of the algae
[00:16:26.700]or aquatic vegetation at one time.
[00:16:29.000]This results in an oxygen use by the algae
[00:16:31.780]that's dying and decomposing,
[00:16:33.650]and thereby the fish are no longer able to get the oxygen.
[00:16:37.080]This results in a fish kill.
[00:16:39.250]If incorrect formulations or application rates are used,
[00:16:42.360]there poses a significant risk
[00:16:44.320]to both wildlife and the environment.
[00:16:47.270]This can result in targeting non-target species,
[00:16:50.490]killing off aquatic vegetation
[00:16:53.290]that is potentially beneficial,
[00:16:55.619]or interfering with spawning and fish populations.
[00:17:00.980]Be sure to always read and follow the label.
[00:17:03.450]Some restrictions for certain chemicals
[00:17:05.840]apply to swimming, to contact with the water,
[00:17:09.050]to drinking water, or to the potential harvesting and eating
[00:17:13.320]of the fish populations within the water.
[00:17:15.740]So now we're gonna talk a little bit
[00:17:17.380]about toxic algae, or blue-green algae.
[00:17:20.950]And the name itself is a little bit of a misnomer,
[00:17:23.440]because blue-green algae is actually a bacteria.
[00:17:26.740]The interesting thing about this bacteria though
[00:17:29.020]is that it actually functions like an algae
[00:17:31.860]in that it can photosynthesize.
[00:17:34.740]So blue-green algae most typically
[00:17:36.850]looks like a paint sheen on the surface.
[00:17:38.890]It kind of has that John Deere bright green sheen to it,
[00:17:42.760]and is very often easily noticed in the pond system.
[00:17:48.240]blue-green algae needs similar requirements
[00:17:51.110]as other aquatic vegetation to grow.
[00:17:54.050]One of the main things that will result in blue-green algae
[00:17:57.630]is an excess of nutrients such as phosphorous and nitrogen.
[00:18:01.450]blue-green algae has a growing prevalence
[00:18:03.730]throughout Nebraska and the rest of the United States.
[00:18:06.700]Unfortunately with blue-green algae,
[00:18:08.680]we're not sure what requirements
[00:18:11.290]are needed to make toxic algae.
[00:18:14.650]So there are several different strains of the bacteria
[00:18:17.950]that are considered blue-green algae.
[00:18:20.100]Some of these strains and specific species are always toxic.
[00:18:24.720]Others of theses species become toxic
[00:18:27.050]only given certain environmental conditions.
[00:18:30.530]And there is a lot of research
[00:18:31.880]that is continuing to be done on blue-green algae
[00:18:34.680]to determine what levels of toxicity occur,
[00:18:37.970]and how these occur.
[00:18:39.740]If you have a blue-green algae bloom
[00:18:41.520]it is important to refrain from contact with the water.
[00:18:44.750]Most commonly, pets are the first ones
[00:18:46.630]to go into the water with blue-green algae.
[00:18:49.320]When they come out, they're covered with the algae spores.
[00:18:52.070]As they lick to clean themselves,
[00:18:54.220]they actually break open the spores and create the toxins.
[00:18:57.900]As they're cleaning themselves and they ingest those toxins,
[00:19:00.919]then those toxin attack the liver system
[00:19:04.522]and eventually result in the death of most pets.
[00:19:08.450]This is also a problem in having blue-green algae
[00:19:11.609]with livestock, with wildlife,
[00:19:14.010]and especially if swimmers or others
[00:19:17.110]come in contact with the blue-green algae.
[00:19:19.500]The best thing that can be done to control blue-green algae
[00:19:22.210]is to use prevention.
[00:19:23.870]So similar to the other algae control
[00:19:26.080]methods that we've mentioned before.
[00:19:27.810]Things like soil testing, buffer strips,
[00:19:30.910]and erosion protection can really help
[00:19:33.170]at managing the growth and introduction of blue-green algae.
[00:19:38.634](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:19:44.430]Hi, I'm Dave Ford, I'm the irrigation manager
[00:19:46.660]at the Central Nebraska Public Power and Irrigation District
[00:19:48.930]in Holdrege Nebraska.
[00:19:50.230]We're outside here today along the Phelps Canal
[00:19:52.760]out northeast of Holdrege.
[00:19:55.520]I'm Steve Osterbuhr, Central Nebraska Public Power.
[00:19:58.520]And I guess I work with Dave on aquatic weed control.
[00:20:02.956]We look at two main pests for us in our irrigation canal,
[00:20:07.340]we look at some type of algae, filamentous algae,
[00:20:10.660]and then the sago pondweed
[00:20:12.340]are the two pests that we battle the most.
[00:20:16.771]We mainly use a couple different algaecides,
[00:20:19.230]we use copper products,
[00:20:21.180]and then we also use a Teton as an algaecide.
[00:20:24.200]The Endothall product product we use is called Cascade,
[00:20:28.453]it's been a very good product.
[00:20:29.710]We use that product mainly for sago pondweed
[00:20:31.977]and American pondweed, and then the algaecide is the algae
[00:20:35.496]that you see floating on top, or the filamentous algae
[00:20:38.170]that's growing up from the bottom,
[00:20:40.330]we use the copper products and the Teton for that.
[00:20:42.240]So both have been, we've found both of those
[00:20:44.780]very effective, very cost-effective,
[00:20:46.610]and they're a safe product to use.
[00:20:49.026]They're not hazardous materials and doesn't require
[00:20:53.200]any special licensing, that type of thing.
[00:20:54.740]You of course have to have your applicator's license
[00:20:56.720]but you don't need Hazmat, that type of thing.
[00:20:59.820]We've set up a trailer here to apply our algaecide
[00:21:03.716]and the stuff that we use to control the pondweed.
[00:21:07.500]It provides a very efficient way to apply the product,
[00:21:10.490]everything's in the same trailer and compact,
[00:21:12.851]and easy to move around from one site to another.
[00:21:14.997]The other thing it provides is an element of safety.
[00:21:17.370]We can go ahead and start applying this,
[00:21:19.167]and we can lock that trailer up
[00:21:20.440]for security reasons and this type of thing.
[00:21:22.260]So I'm gonna have Steve talk about some of the processes
[00:21:25.340]they do to set that trailer up and get it ready to run.
[00:21:28.080]What we usually do is we figure out,
[00:21:30.090]when we're setting up the trailer we figure out
[00:21:31.960]our canal CFS so we know how much product to apply,
[00:21:36.290]at the parts per million rate
[00:21:39.310]and for the contact time that we want.
[00:21:41.500]And we carry two different tanks in here,
[00:21:43.830]one we use Teton and the other we use Cascade,
[00:21:46.670]and they both hold 100 gallons.
[00:21:48.500]And we use these float boxes,
[00:21:50.630]which is a little float that's in there that controls
[00:21:53.260]the depth of the water, and then we have a dial on the side
[00:21:58.600]that we control, and we can set them up 'cause we need
[00:22:01.670]a contact time of about six hours.
[00:22:05.060]So it's dripping at 100 gallons for six hours,
[00:22:09.020]and so the guys right now are setting up
[00:22:10.730]the trailer with that for an application.
[00:22:14.950]One of the things with those float boxes
[00:22:16.460]that you mentioned do, they provide a very uniform pressure,
[00:22:21.250]a very uniform application of the chemical.
[00:22:25.740]As your tank is full it has more head pressure,
[00:22:27.730]as it gets lower you're gonna reduce that,
[00:22:29.530]and so the stream of chemicals is gonna change.
[00:22:31.770]The float boxes even that out.
[00:22:34.050]One of the things that we use also is a drip system,
[00:22:37.060]and we've found this to be very effective
[00:22:39.410]as a preemptive control method
[00:22:42.740]is to put a solution of copper product
[00:22:46.010]in these 30 gallon barrels, and we put it at a check
[00:22:49.100]where we incorporate the water,
[00:22:50.270]where the water mixes very well as it's applied,
[00:22:53.100]and it'll take several hours for the product to go in there.
[00:22:56.480]And so as that water is moving downstream,
[00:23:00.210]the algae that is in that section will take that chemical up
[00:23:04.197]and actually it does a very good job of taking it all up,
[00:23:07.451]there's very little that goes beyond where we want it to go.
[00:23:10.474]But it provides a very good control method,
[00:23:13.780]very good control for the algae in that section.
[00:23:16.636]The other thing that we have is our truck
[00:23:19.250]that is set up, and we'll use this to spray
[00:23:22.090]normally along the banks, but if we're applying chemical
[00:23:24.850]directly on the water or if we have a situation
[00:23:26.880]where we can shut the water off and just have standing water
[00:23:29.820]we can apply some copper on there
[00:23:31.340]and just increase our exposure time.
[00:23:33.287]The way we have our trucks set up back here
[00:23:35.600]is we have adjustable boom so we can raise and lower,
[00:23:38.380]so that way the guy can watch, the operator can watch
[00:23:41.630]the spray pattern, and make sure he's applying it
[00:23:45.200]only where he needs to.
[00:23:46.750]And if he needs to we put a longer boom on it
[00:23:50.428]to get it out over the canal so that way
[00:23:52.960]we can get the exposure and the water contact
[00:23:56.130]or the bank contact that we're after.
[00:23:58.800]And then he can adjust it accordingly,
[00:24:00.870]because you know the roads change and the heights of roads.
[00:24:04.568]The other thing we have is a hose reel that we can come out
[00:24:09.270]and we got a handgun that we can actually target it,
[00:24:12.097]specific spots that we can't get to with the truck,
[00:24:15.100]sometimes you have to go about 20, 30 feet.
[00:24:17.920]In addition to the chemical control that we've shown you,
[00:24:20.840]we also use mechanical methods to get our results,
[00:24:26.930]and one of them would be with the hydraulic excavators,
[00:24:29.380]backhoes, and you dip the material out of the canal
[00:24:33.980]and get rid of it, excavate it out.
[00:24:35.990]Another one is the sloper, where we can slope the canal,
[00:24:39.140]reshape it, make it a little bit deeper
[00:24:41.280]so you don't have the sunlight penetration.
[00:24:43.610]And then it pulls the product to the sides and up and out.
[00:24:47.910]And another thing that we introduced this year
[00:24:50.510]and we had a pretty good success with in the right canals
[00:24:53.700]is what they call a bump blower, it's a feed bump blower.
[00:24:57.190]And it blows air out with a blower
[00:25:00.872]over 300 mile an hour into the bottom of the canal,
[00:25:04.030]and if you get that close it'll blow everything,
[00:25:06.130]even the dirt out to a certain extent.
[00:25:08.420]And it does very well in certain conditions.
[00:25:11.271]A very effective way of nutrient management,
[00:25:14.287]getting those nutrients out of the canal
[00:25:17.010]and so we're excited to have an additional
[00:25:20.100]tool in our toolbox to work on that.
[00:25:23.314]We've also done some pre-emergent where we've had,
[00:25:27.540]maybe we've used some of these things we've talked about,
[00:25:29.680]got all the nutrients, all the crop residue,
[00:25:34.059]out of the canals.
[00:25:35.260]We then were able to go in with a pre-emergent,
[00:25:37.750]and spray that canal maybe one time
[00:25:40.280]prior to the irrigation season,
[00:25:41.800]and then have year long weed control,
[00:25:44.848]year long aquatic vegetation control as a result of that.
[00:25:50.592]We're just getting into that a little bit more,
[00:25:53.667]trying to be very conservative in making sure
[00:25:55.920]that it's going to accomplish what we want to,
[00:25:58.820]and it's an expensive thing to do that.
[00:26:02.110]But so is all this other stuff
[00:26:03.810]that we're talking about as well.
[00:26:04.860]So there are some conditions that
[00:26:07.283]that maybe is gonna be your best option,
[00:26:09.510]and it's been very effective for us
[00:26:12.545]in the trials that we've run.
[00:26:14.520]We talked about de-watering,
[00:26:15.820]of course we de-water in the off season each and every year.
[00:26:19.300]But during the irrigation season, after a big rain event
[00:26:22.060]or maybe early in the season when irrigation is very light
[00:26:25.970]or nonexistent, we can reduce the water in the canals.
[00:26:30.370]And we can either take it all out and dry that up,
[00:26:34.240]dry that stuff that's growing up
[00:26:36.370]without the use of any chemicals.
[00:26:38.840]But even if we can only get the water out for a few days
[00:26:41.180]and maybe it's still wet, we can go in there
[00:26:42.860]and we can spray something on top of that in standing water
[00:26:46.190]and get very effective control using that method.
[00:26:51.000]One of the most important things
[00:26:52.550]in dealing with all these chemicals is safety.
[00:26:55.600]The PPE that the guys use when applying the products
[00:26:59.180]or working around the products is crucial.
[00:27:01.350]You need to look at your MSGS,
[00:27:03.380]and they always list what you have to use,
[00:27:06.100]but sometimes you'll choose to go
[00:27:08.310]a little bit farther than that just to be on the safe side.
[00:27:12.499]Rubber gloves, face shields, goggles,
[00:27:15.491]respirators on certain chemicals.
[00:27:20.517]The MSGS is, you need to research that
[00:27:25.010]before you're using any chemicals.
[00:27:27.820]And we use, if you have short sleeves on like we do today,
[00:27:31.309]we have rubber gloves and then we have
[00:27:33.810]these sleeve deals that we put on.
[00:27:36.412]And then you wear long pants and face shields,
[00:27:39.730]and like say goggles if you're worried about splashing,
[00:27:43.600]and some things with the respirators.
[00:27:47.410]Looking at off target impacts of what you're applying,
[00:27:53.134]we're fortunate here, our system is a closed system.
[00:27:57.090]We're not returning water back to the stream or to the river
[00:27:59.900]and so we're able to contain that.
[00:28:02.745]With some chemicals, as you read the label,
[00:28:04.850]you'll know if you have risks there.
[00:28:07.230]And if you have restrictions
[00:28:08.730]in regard to returning water to a stream.
[00:28:10.990]And so you need to be aware of that.
[00:28:13.810]The other thing we are aware of is what crops are out there.
[00:28:16.550]And so we have to read those labels
[00:28:18.070]and understand the chemicals that we're using,
[00:28:20.870]if they're impacting the crops
[00:28:22.620]that our producers are growing,
[00:28:23.900]and make sure that we're not
[00:28:25.740]having an adverse impact with that.
[00:28:28.598]As we talk about all these things,
[00:28:31.610]probably the most important part,
[00:28:34.582]every part's important I guess,
[00:28:37.070]as you go through this process
[00:28:38.520]everything's got a high level of importance.
[00:28:42.500]Personal safety is probably the highest level.
[00:28:45.420]But the other thing is, as you look as rates,
[00:28:47.860]look at the labels, make sure those rates are correct.
[00:28:50.490]Not to over-apply and not to under-apply,
[00:28:52.210]there's detrimental effects, consequences to both of those.
[00:28:56.776]If you don't apply enough, you've wasted your money
[00:29:00.070]and your time and your effort to control.
[00:29:02.480]Also plants will start to build up resistance
[00:29:06.170]to those chemicals by under-applying.
[00:29:08.810]And obviously the impacts of over-application
[00:29:11.330]to the environment and to the people applying it
[00:29:13.940]are very hazardous, as well.
[00:29:15.120]So just make sure you understand that, again,
[00:29:18.640]you've got a big investment in equipment
[00:29:21.020]and manpower and chemicals, you wanna put them
[00:29:24.660]to the most cost-effective use that you can.
[00:29:27.250]And get control of what you're after and do it safely.
[00:29:31.680]And so everybody can go home at night
[00:29:33.710]and enjoy their families, and come back to work tomorrow.
[00:29:38.013](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:29:44.790]Hi, I'm Phil Chvala, I'm a fisheries biologist
[00:29:47.290]with Nebraska Game and Parks Commission
[00:29:49.350]out of our Norfolk office.
[00:29:51.610]Today I'm gonna talk to you about vegetation treatment,
[00:29:55.890]primarily, and how to deal with
[00:29:58.965]excessive amount of it potentially.
[00:30:02.009]I wanna start though by saying that some vegetation
[00:30:06.040]in a lake is required, you need that out there,
[00:30:08.890]the fish need it out there.
[00:30:10.620]They need cover, it provides food production,
[00:30:14.440]so it's a real necessary attribute
[00:30:16.540]on any of our lake systems and waterways.
[00:30:20.166]But at times, whether it be the species
[00:30:22.810]or just the abundance of it,
[00:30:24.600]it becomes a problem and it needs to be dealt with.
[00:30:28.070]And so there are three methods you can use
[00:30:31.210]to try and control vegetation,
[00:30:32.650]there's physical, biological and chemical.
[00:30:36.642]Physical involves going out there with equipment
[00:30:40.814]and removing it, physically, as the name implies.
[00:30:45.200]Raking the vegetation out up on the bank.
[00:30:47.963]It's a lot of hard work and a lot of times
[00:30:50.750]it's pretty short-term as far as that goes.
[00:30:54.150]Biological.
[00:30:57.120]The main one people think of is grass carp,
[00:31:00.510]they'll eat the vegetation,
[00:31:02.680]but they're kind of a tough one to deal with
[00:31:06.290]'cause it's hard to get that balance of what you want
[00:31:09.210]numbers-wise for grass carp in a system.
[00:31:12.499]If you don't have enough they won't have an effect,
[00:31:15.523]and you get too many they'll eat everything,
[00:31:17.970]and you won't have rooted vegetation in there
[00:31:21.120]but you'll end up having algae blooms pretty regularly.
[00:31:25.230]What nature's trying to do is balance that
[00:31:27.170]submergent vegetation and algae that's out there,
[00:31:31.750]whether it be planktonic or filamentous.
[00:31:34.100]There are nutrients in the water to be used,
[00:31:37.530]nitrogen, phosphorous,
[00:31:39.220]and at certain times of the year
[00:31:42.458]your rooted vegetation may die back,
[00:31:45.300]which we see in a lot of our lakes with curly pondweed.
[00:31:48.630]It'll die back substantially
[00:31:50.670]in fairly short order on its own.
[00:31:53.542]And then there's not rooted plants
[00:31:56.740]using the nutrients out there,
[00:31:59.700]so then it shifts over to algae
[00:32:01.450]and you end up with the lake looking like pea soup
[00:32:03.350]for a little while then, too.
[00:32:06.400]But today I'm gonna talk a little bit about
[00:32:07.790]some of the chemicals that we use,
[00:32:09.230]because that's kind of our preferred method
[00:32:11.240]for dealing with vegetation problems.
[00:32:16.067]If there were another option other than chemical
[00:32:18.270]that'd be one I'd lean towards,
[00:32:19.470]but this is the best way to deal with it.
[00:32:22.584]And in the business we're in,
[00:32:25.120]we're just trying to open up some areas,
[00:32:27.070]we're not doing a whole lake treatment typically.
[00:32:29.930]We're trying to open up areas for fishing access,
[00:32:33.720]trying to open up boat ramp areas, not only for aesthetics
[00:32:37.720]but we have our clean, drain and dry law now
[00:32:40.750]where people can't move vegetation or water
[00:32:44.380]from one water body to another.
[00:32:47.592]We wanna help out as best we can with that.
[00:32:50.600]If we can get that boat ramp clear of vegetation,
[00:32:53.760]then it's less likely that they're gonna be
[00:32:55.810]pulling some down the road on their trailer.
[00:32:58.710]And making it less work for the angler
[00:33:00.650]or recreational boater, also.
[00:33:03.547]So number one, you need to know what kind of plant
[00:33:06.900]you're dealing, what the problem plant is.
[00:33:09.050]Whether it's a rooted, submergent plant, an emergent plant,
[00:33:13.790]or say filamentous algae, all those things require different
[00:33:19.313]either chemicals or methods for applying the chemical.
[00:33:23.646]Let's start off with algae.
[00:33:25.660]The pesticide of choice with that
[00:33:26.960]is usually a copper based compound or solution.
[00:33:32.398]Copper sulfate was used for a long time,
[00:33:35.069]and still is, and it works well,
[00:33:37.770]but it can build up in the environment over time
[00:33:39.950]and it's fairly toxic to fish,
[00:33:42.210]especially young fish potentially in the shallows and such.
[00:33:45.340]So we switched to a chelated copper compound
[00:33:49.122]such as Cutrine Plus.
[00:33:51.660]Like I said, it doesn't build up in the environment
[00:33:53.990]and it's not quite as toxic to other critters,
[00:33:59.430]and it's very effective for our use.
[00:34:03.910]We don't do the planktonic algae treatment so much,
[00:34:06.930]it's mainly dealing with the mats of filamentous algae
[00:34:09.490]once they start floating around.
[00:34:12.690]If we catch it early on,
[00:34:14.650]we'll tend to treat it as it's growing up off the bottom.
[00:34:17.910]It starts growing on the bottom and then catches air release
[00:34:21.210]from those bottom sediments,
[00:34:22.460]and then it turns into a floating mat.
[00:34:24.900]And if we catch it early enough
[00:34:26.160]we can use the granular herbicide,
[00:34:28.350]and we'll just walk the shore and kinda
[00:34:30.630]broadcast that out by hand, or use a hand spreader.
[00:34:34.040]But if it gets to that point where it's matted up,
[00:34:37.300]we pretty much switch over to the liquid.
[00:34:39.670]And we use a set up like this, we've got a spray tank here,
[00:34:42.933]a 12 volt spray tank like on an ATV,
[00:34:45.670]and we hook it up to this boom,
[00:34:47.640]and we'll drive over and kinda turn the mats blue,
[00:34:51.410]essentially, we'll measure out the area
[00:34:53.980]and kinda figure out how much chemical we need
[00:34:56.270]to cover that specific area.
[00:34:58.370]And then dilute it with water and work our way across it,
[00:35:01.650]and treat it that way.
[00:35:04.120]We also have a wand, if it's thick enough that the boat's
[00:35:06.320]not gonna go through it real effectively,
[00:35:08.330]we'll hook up the wand and we can spray
[00:35:10.000]out to 20, 25 feet with that potentially.
[00:35:13.511]Moving on, we'll go onto rooted vegetation,
[00:35:16.300]rooted submerged vegetation.
[00:35:18.840]Tribune Reward, that's a diquat based herbicide,
[00:35:23.050]those are one we lean towards.
[00:35:25.030]It's very effective, once again.
[00:35:27.460]The nice thing about both of those chemicals
[00:35:29.480]is they have little or no waiting period.
[00:35:33.064]Right after treatment you can fish there,
[00:35:35.870]you can go swimming there, things like that.
[00:35:38.377]And what we'll do is mix a gallon of the diquat and Cutrine
[00:35:42.700]together, because a lot of our problem rooted vegetation
[00:35:47.260]requires a two gallon PRECOR treatment.
[00:35:51.012]And the diquat's a little more expensive,
[00:35:54.006]and Cutrine's relatively inexpensive.
[00:35:57.502]But if you combine these two,
[00:36:01.280]the Cutrine acts like a synergist for the diquat,
[00:36:06.140]and you'll be treating,
[00:36:08.200]it'll be like a two gallon PRECOR treatment
[00:36:10.640]even though you're only using one gallon of Tribune.
[00:36:12.994]Plus, you'll be treating the algae at the same time,
[00:36:15.790]so you get a real bonus there by doing that.
[00:36:19.800]Another chemical we have here is Sonar.
[00:36:23.700]That's more of a volumetric herbicide.
[00:36:27.170]That's something that will rid
[00:36:29.620]pretty much the entire lake of vegetation.
[00:36:32.390]And sometimes that's desired,
[00:36:33.770]most of the time in our business it's not.
[00:36:36.970]Also you need to be a little concerned with that
[00:36:38.820]because if you have trees growing close to the pond
[00:36:41.610]or something it can kill those also
[00:36:44.090]if they're in close enough proximity.
[00:36:46.380]So we'll move onto emergent vegetation
[00:36:48.970]such as cattails, arrowhead, things like that.
[00:36:51.690]Things that are sticking up out of the water.
[00:36:53.630]What's worked well for us is a mixture of Habitat and Rodeo.
[00:36:57.950]Rodeo is the aquatic form of Roundup,
[00:37:00.540]glyphosate is the base chemical in that.
[00:37:04.507]When you're treating emergent vegetation
[00:37:07.070]it usually has a waxy surface on it,
[00:37:09.760]so you need to add a surfactant
[00:37:12.060]to get that chemical to adhere
[00:37:14.029]and affect the plant like you need it to.
[00:37:17.113]Person needs to be cautious,
[00:37:19.100]though, because you don't wanna treat
[00:37:21.840]too much of the surface area at once,
[00:37:23.570]especially if you have a heavy vegetation infestation.
[00:37:27.919]You only wanna treat a quarter to a third
[00:37:30.430]of the surface area at a time,
[00:37:32.726]otherwise if you treat the whole lake or too much of it,
[00:37:35.949]that decomposing plant matter can actually create
[00:37:38.710]an oxygen sag, and you can actually end up
[00:37:41.360]having a fish kill through that process.
[00:37:44.350]Sometimes...
[00:37:46.870]There are certain species of fish
[00:37:48.502]that we don't like in lakes and we do,
[00:37:50.550]there are time that we do purposefully kill fish.
[00:37:53.460]That's using another chemical called Rotenone,
[00:37:56.097]and we'll talk about that in a later segment in the video.
[00:37:59.618]But that's something that we do also.
[00:38:03.996]Other than fish problems, we do have other animals
[00:38:10.560]in the state that are coming on and creating problems.
[00:38:14.340]The zebra mussel is a good example of that.
[00:38:17.430]We have some suspect lakes, we have three of them
[00:38:19.710]around Omaha that we found villagers in,
[00:38:23.730]which is the microscopic form of that.
[00:38:27.770]The life cycle of the zebra mussel is you have an adult,
[00:38:30.920]the female lays eggs, they can release 30 to 40 thousand
[00:38:35.040]at a time, and up to a million over a one year period.
[00:38:38.970]So you can see them expanding fairly quickly
[00:38:41.416]once they get into a system.
[00:38:43.740]But anyway, so they release the eggs,
[00:38:46.657]those hatch into villagers which are free swimming,
[00:38:49.790]they can get into boat water,
[00:38:53.060]your life tank water and stuff like that,
[00:38:55.160]that's why our clean drain and dry protocol is so important.
[00:38:58.930]That's one of the big issues
[00:39:00.290]that we deal with is zebra mussels.
[00:39:03.970]The best way to limit their expansion right now is,
[00:39:09.400]well, and always is, education.
[00:39:11.610]And that's kinda what we're leaning on.
[00:39:13.290]Making people aware of how these things move around,
[00:39:16.670]and why like I said it is so important
[00:39:18.900]to clean drain and dry your watercraft.
[00:39:21.995]Chemical techniques have been tried for treating them,
[00:39:25.950]they've been fairly effective
[00:39:28.520]but have not provided 100% kill,
[00:39:31.860]so we don't spend our time on that much.
[00:39:36.820]In these big systems, I mentioned we've got
[00:39:39.330]some suspect lakes down near Omaha.
[00:39:42.220]We've also got some infested areas.
[00:39:43.990]We have Lewis and Clark Lake up on the Missouri River
[00:39:47.078]west of Yankton, and then the whole Missouri River
[00:39:50.250]downstream of Gavin's Point Dam is infested with them also.
[00:39:54.890]And Offutt Air Force Base in Omaha is also infested.
[00:40:00.965]A few years ago, Lake Zorinsky in Omaha was,
[00:40:04.547]a live adult mussel was found there, and to treat that,
[00:40:10.452]we knew from our experience at Offutt that the chemical
[00:40:14.940]wasn't effective enough for our liking.
[00:40:19.230]So we worked with the Corps and they drained the lake in
[00:40:22.750]the wintertime, after all reproduction was done obviously,
[00:40:28.070]but they drained the lake down as far as they could
[00:40:32.249]and froze out and desiccated those zebra mussels.
[00:40:36.170]And it's stayed clean since then for the most part,
[00:40:39.550]there was a positive veliger sample
[00:40:41.932]this year for the first time.
[00:40:44.680]And that draw down actually occurred in 2010,
[00:40:47.090]so it was fairly effective for six years, anyway.
[00:40:50.763]So we'll have to see where it goes from there with that.
[00:40:53.930]If we were to treat this lake today,
[00:40:56.293]you can see the equipment we've got set up here.
[00:40:59.973]We've got the 12 volt ATV sprayer
[00:41:02.840]and we hook it up to this boom here.
[00:41:05.822]We're gonna account for drift today,
[00:41:08.396]we've got a little bit of a wind.
[00:41:10.610]What we try to do is have these droppers down,
[00:41:13.500]and have those near the surface
[00:41:14.880]so we don't have to deal with drift,
[00:41:16.800]don't have to be concerned with that too much.
[00:41:19.740]Not only is that a concern for non-target organisms,
[00:41:24.501]but also it's a concern for us applying the chemical.
[00:41:31.525]So we can control drift, things like that,
[00:41:34.994]control drop size, but we'll also,
[00:41:38.320]to protect ourselves we're wearing
[00:41:40.278]personal protective equipment or PPE
[00:41:43.160]as it's referred to oftentimes.
[00:41:47.720]Depending on the chemical you're working with,
[00:41:50.110]different chemicals require different PPEs.
[00:41:53.200]On some maybe just a pure, just a small dust mask
[00:41:56.640]like this would be sufficient,
[00:41:58.560]other times you need a carbon filtered,
[00:42:01.830]organic filter full respirator.
[00:42:05.440]To protect our hands and skin we'll wear,
[00:42:08.220]nitrile gloves are the best to use, nice long cuff on them.
[00:42:13.440]If you didn't have anything else,
[00:42:15.730]these disposable nitrile gloves will work.
[00:42:21.039]These are latex gloves,
[00:42:23.170]typically they are not recommended for chemical applications
[00:42:26.140]so you'd wanna stay away from those.
[00:42:30.324]These are another good choice for protecting your hands,
[00:42:34.551]but they get awful hot.
[00:42:36.100]So it's situational, just make sure it's chemical resistant,
[00:42:41.530]and nitrile is one of the better ones.
[00:42:43.840]We protect eyes, may use goggles or a face shield.
[00:42:49.700]We have a couple different types of goggles.
[00:42:52.690]There are ones that are sealed up all the way around,
[00:42:55.790]no air can get in there.
[00:42:57.320]This one, it breathes a little bit better,
[00:42:59.210]so it'll be cooler on a hot day.
[00:43:02.120]But different chemicals may require
[00:43:04.480]that you wear a sealed up goggle.
[00:43:10.540]To protect ourselves entirely or the rest of our body,
[00:43:14.529]say Reward here, or the diquat based chemical,
[00:43:18.670]it requires that you wear coveralls over anything else
[00:43:22.250]including, even if you're wearing long pants and long shirt
[00:43:24.600]the label says to wear coveralls of some sort.
[00:43:27.450]So you can buy something like this, the white Tyvek suit,
[00:43:32.100]or a lot of times we'll just put on rain gear.
[00:43:36.605]I tend to have a set of rain gear
[00:43:39.430]that is designated for chemical application,
[00:43:42.747]and that's all I use it for.
[00:43:45.214]For those times when action is required,
[00:43:48.446]just remember that it is important to ID the problem
[00:43:52.849]organism correctly, and then apply the chemical
[00:43:57.676]that's produced to deal with that organism.
[00:44:01.480]Like I said, we've got a variety of chemicals here,
[00:44:04.490]we've got algaecides, we've got chemicals that deal with
[00:44:08.790]submersed plants, and always remember, label's the law,
[00:44:13.150]read your label, wear your protective gear,
[00:44:15.860]account for wind, things like that.
[00:44:19.100]Because it's about taking care of the problem
[00:44:21.650]but also not creating another problem.
[00:44:24.600]So the methods we've talked about today
[00:44:27.030]should help you manage for a quality experience,
[00:44:30.133]whether it be fishing or other sorts of recreation,
[00:44:34.240]on the lake system.
[00:44:37.622](upbeat instrumental music)
[00:44:45.220]I'm Jeff Shuckman, I'm with the Nebraska Game and Parks
[00:44:47.510]Commission in the fishery division, I'm the fish manager
[00:44:50.210]for the northeast district, which is northeast Nebraska
[00:44:54.550]and about half of north central Nebraska.
[00:44:57.140]And I'm here to talk a little bit today about the use
[00:45:00.360]of Rotenone, which is to create an intentional fish kill.
[00:45:04.620]Occasionally we have problems with fish populations
[00:45:07.450]that get out of balance or might get contaminated
[00:45:09.520]with some rough fish or some invasive fish,
[00:45:12.080]and we need to basically start over
[00:45:14.550]with the process of managing that water body,
[00:45:16.780]and we use a chemical called Rotenone
[00:45:19.292]to kill the fish and start over.
[00:45:22.050]Rotenone is made from the root of the derris plant,
[00:45:25.210]it's imported from South America,
[00:45:27.620]and it's very effective at killing fish.
[00:45:31.349]We put that chemical in the water
[00:45:33.860]and it doesn't take the oxygen out of the water
[00:45:36.560]like a lot of people think, it inhibits the oxygen uptake
[00:45:40.030]in the fish at the cellular level.
[00:45:41.860]So they get it within their system,
[00:45:43.860]and then they basically can't uptake the oxygen
[00:45:46.720]and they suffocate and it kills them.
[00:45:49.890]It's very effective, there's some things it's dependent upon
[00:45:53.180]to make it more effective
[00:45:56.601]and the breakdown of it after you apply it,
[00:46:00.520]but the main thing with it is it has to be put on evenly.
[00:46:03.916]Many times you wanna draw the lake down,
[00:46:06.200]you don't wanna have a lot of shoreline
[00:46:07.640]vegetation that you have to treat,
[00:46:09.690]or areas that maybe you can't get the Rotenone to,
[00:46:12.880]so there's a lot of factors that go into a good renovation.
[00:46:16.567]We recently did a renovation, it's been a few years ago
[00:46:20.270]up in Pierce at Gilman Park Lake,
[00:46:22.520]and we demonstrated how we put this chemical on,
[00:46:26.360]and we used a system of application
[00:46:29.340]that utilizes a tank in the boat, and a pump system
[00:46:33.260]where we basically siphon off the chemical,
[00:46:37.040]mix it with lake water, and pump it into the lake.
[00:46:40.820]And it's a very effective method of applying Rotenone.
[00:46:47.526]And at this time I probably should mention too
[00:46:50.250]that Rotanone is a strictly controlled chemical.
[00:46:54.271]In order to use it, for a private citizen to use it,
[00:46:57.750]even though you might have a commercial applicator license,
[00:47:00.570]you have to have permission from Game and Parks
[00:47:02.480]before you apply this chemical
[00:47:03.990]'cause it is a fish toxicant and we are very concerned,
[00:47:08.010]we don't want people out there killing a bunch of fish.
[00:47:10.490]And there are certain applications
[00:47:11.880]where we will allow the use of this chemical,
[00:47:14.690]and certain applications where we will
[00:47:16.080]not allow the use of this chemical.
[00:47:17.460]So always contact Game and Parks
[00:47:19.540]prior to doing any fish renovation
[00:47:21.420]with the product called Rotenone.
[00:47:23.960]To do a renovation, successful renovation,
[00:47:27.120]with the chemical called Rotenone,
[00:47:29.490]there are some pre-planning things that need to be done.
[00:47:31.940]Number one, you need to know the volume of the lake,
[00:47:34.450]and that is determined by acre feet,
[00:47:36.820]and that's simply the surface area times the average depth,
[00:47:40.890]gives you the number of acre feet in the lake.
[00:47:44.170]And we try to on a general renovation
[00:47:48.840]go with a three to five part per million treatment,
[00:47:51.480]normally three parts per million
[00:47:52.860]unless it's real heavily organic water will be sufficient
[00:47:57.300]to kill all the fish in the lake.
[00:47:59.850]So we do our calculations first,
[00:48:02.501]have the appropriate amount of chemical,
[00:48:04.740]and when it comes time to apply it,
[00:48:06.610]generally what we do is apply it in a grid fashion.
[00:48:10.050]You wanna get it on fairly evenly,
[00:48:12.250]and some of the video from the Gilman Park at Pierce
[00:48:15.900]we're actually doing what we call a surface application.
[00:48:19.140]So basically we'll circle the lake,
[00:48:21.510]do the perimeter of the lake first,
[00:48:22.770]try to drive the fish out of the shallows.
[00:48:25.230]The liquid formulation of this chemical does have a carrier
[00:48:28.820]with it to keep this chemical in suspension and solution.
[00:48:32.400]And the fish can kinda detect that,
[00:48:34.780]so we'll hit the shorelines first,
[00:48:36.100]drive them out of the shoreline areas,
[00:48:38.191]and then do a grid pattern back and forth
[00:48:40.582]width-wise and length-wise across the lake
[00:48:43.574]to get that chemical on evenly,
[00:48:46.042]until we've got the prescribed amount of chemical on.
[00:48:49.720]A neat tool that we use now are these GPS depth finders.
[00:48:53.170]As we go back and forth across the lake
[00:48:55.680]you have the tracking capability on those,
[00:48:58.250]and we can follow our pattern and make sure
[00:49:00.250]we're not leaving any gaps in coverage in there.
[00:49:02.740]This chemical does spread out in the water
[00:49:04.670]pretty good by itself, but you still wanna
[00:49:06.620]try to get an even distribution on it.
[00:49:09.050]Also if a lake is deeper than say 12 to 15 feet
[00:49:13.840]we always recommend pumping down,
[00:49:16.100]and that's just simply putting a weighted hose down
[00:49:19.100]and pumping your chemical down deeper
[00:49:20.770]to get to those deeper areas of the lake.
[00:49:23.400]With that being said, there are considerations
[00:49:25.720]for the time of the year you do the treatment.
[00:49:28.700]If you're doing it in the summertime in a deeper lake,
[00:49:30.910]you gotta check for stratification
[00:49:32.470]because those layers of water will not mix,
[00:49:35.470]and if you put chemical in the lower cold bottom layer,
[00:49:39.040]it will not mix with the top layer.
[00:49:41.410]So you have to do additional calculations
[00:49:43.530]to make sure you get the amount of chemical down below.
[00:49:46.290]A lot of times in the lower parts of the lake
[00:49:49.280]in a stratified lake there's no oxygen there,
[00:49:51.660]but that doesn't mean you can skip treating those areas.
[00:49:55.310]Fish can go in and out of those areas at times
[00:49:57.850]and live on half a part per million
[00:50:00.170]or a tenth of a part per million of oxygen for a short time,
[00:50:02.670]so you still wanna treat those areas.
[00:50:05.380]In the winter time, right before ice up
[00:50:07.920]or even an under the ice treatment which we've done before,
[00:50:11.060]stays toxic for a long time and is a good way to treat,
[00:50:14.050]and it could stay toxic for up to seven weeks.
[00:50:16.580]So based on the time of year there are some
[00:50:19.330]different considerations on putting on Rotenone
[00:50:22.000]and getting a successful treatment.
[00:50:24.150]The other thing you need to do is avoid
[00:50:26.960]a lot of flooded vegetation along the shorelines
[00:50:29.650]during the renovation, it's always a good idea
[00:50:32.160]to draw the lake down or pond down as low as it will be,
[00:50:35.850]or renovate during a drought period.
[00:50:38.770]You don't want small fish, especially carp or some
[00:50:41.441]rough fish, undesirable fish, hiding up in those weeds
[00:50:44.420]and you can't get the chemical to them.
[00:50:46.690]If you've got extensive shallow areas and flooded vegetation
[00:50:50.651]it's best to probably have an air boat.
[00:50:53.470]We do have a nozzle we affectionately call a carp cannon
[00:50:57.960]that we can shoot chemicals 60 feet off of one of our pumps,
[00:51:01.500]and we can get back into some of these areas
[00:51:03.180]and saturate it with Rotenone.
[00:51:05.050]But that's something to really keep in mind,
[00:51:07.060]you have to treat all areas of a lake with Rotenone
[00:51:11.050]to make it successful and get a good kill.
[00:51:14.200]The other thing you wanna avoid is outflow.
[00:51:17.468]If there is outflow, we may or may not,
[00:51:22.007]Game and Parks this is speaking,
[00:51:23.700]we may or let you treat that body of water with an outflow.
[00:51:26.970]And if you do, and we can come up with a plan to treat that,
[00:51:30.450]you have to detoxify the water as it leaves the lake or pond
[00:51:36.460]that you're working on, and that's through the use
[00:51:38.620]of potassium permanganate in a drip station.
[00:51:41.410]And again, a whole bunch of series of calculations on
[00:51:44.010]how to determine that, because otherwise you could kill fish
[00:51:46.940]for miles down that stream, and nobody wants that.
[00:51:49.700]And we can't have that and can't allow that.
[00:51:53.906]Try to avoid outflow at all costs.
[00:51:57.330]If you have inflow coming into a lake with no outflow,
[00:52:01.050]which is a situation sometimes that you can do,
[00:52:03.590]if you can draw it down, pump it down enough,
[00:52:05.550]you actually have to treat some of that inflow, also.
[00:52:08.660]And if you have seeps, you have to treat those
[00:52:10.730]with what we call drip stations.
[00:52:12.800]And we'll show an example of a drip station,
[00:52:16.210]how to set that up.
[00:52:17.530]Because if you have freshwater coming into a pond or lake,
[00:52:20.310]those fish are gonna get their nose up there
[00:52:22.500]and they're not gonna get the toxicity
[00:52:26.340]from the Rotenone and they will get by.
[00:52:28.330]So there are a number of factors involved in planning
[00:52:32.328]and carrying out a successful fish renovation.
[00:52:36.250]So we're gonna talk about some different techniques
[00:52:38.730]in applying Rotenone now that apply to renovation,
[00:52:41.960]and that's drip station, low dose treatment,
[00:52:45.410]and powdered Rotenone.
[00:52:46.930]Many times we use liquid Rotenone,
[00:52:48.730]which is a 5% active ingredient formulation.
[00:52:51.900]It's easy to work with, easy to put on,
[00:52:54.336]actually easy for the applicator also.
[00:52:57.788]But in some instances we use powdered Rotenone.
[00:53:01.490]Powdered Rotenone is about 25% of the cost
[00:53:04.750]of liquid Rotenone now, but there are special methods
[00:53:08.970]to apply powdered Rotenone, and special PPEs
[00:53:12.610]that you have to wear to avoid inhaling the dust.
[00:53:15.380]But powdered Rotenone is simply
[00:53:16.480]what it implies, it's a powder.
[00:53:18.230]It's a five to 7% powder, it's put on at the same
[00:53:21.740]application rate in terms of parts per million
[00:53:24.820]as the liquid formulation is, but we use a suction system
[00:53:29.735]or a Venturi system based on a Utah design.
[00:53:34.145]The state of Utah has been in the forefront of this.
[00:53:38.430]Very specific on how to put this in.
[00:53:41.060]I know you can read on the internet,
[00:53:42.540]they talk about you can put it in a burlap bag
[00:53:44.535]and drag it around the lake, things like that,
[00:53:46.457]and that's probably be pretty well effective.
[00:53:49.300]But in order to save money on large scale renovations
[00:53:53.010]it's probably best to use some powdered.
[00:53:55.080]Also the fish don't seem to detect the powder
[00:53:57.810]like they do the carriers that are involved
[00:53:59.630]with the liquid Rotenone.
[00:54:01.200]So sometimes we'll use liquid around the edges
[00:54:03.700]and then put the powder in the middle
[00:54:05.030]after we drive them into the middle of the lake.
[00:54:07.200]But if anybody's thinking about using powdered Rotenone,
[00:54:09.938]check with us here at the Game and Parks
[00:54:12.470]and we can give you our techniques
[00:54:14.440]and our expertise on dealing with powder.
[00:54:17.070]The other thing, a new technique
[00:54:18.740]that's been developed here lately
[00:54:20.320]is called low dose Rotenone treatment.
[00:54:23.160]And that is basically if you're targeting certain species
[00:54:26.150]that can be killed with Rotenone with a very low level,
[00:54:29.730]and we're talking nine to 10 parts per billion.
[00:54:33.076]Species like white perch, gizzard shad, even common carp
[00:54:36.720]can be killed with a very low dose amount of Rotenone.
[00:54:40.549]And what that does, it saves you from killing
[00:54:43.940]all the fish in a lake, even those sport fish
[00:54:46.663]that you don't necessarily wanna target.
[00:54:49.580]And you just say you wanna wipe out,
[00:54:51.240]try to get the gizzard shad under control, wipe them out,
[00:54:54.251]and kill some common carp and white perch and things.
[00:54:58.007]There's a lot of calculations and data needed
[00:55:00.890]to do a successful low dose operation,
[00:55:03.299]but it is a valuable technique
[00:55:05.330]that we're looking at here in the future,
[00:55:07.880]and doing it this time in certain lakes in Nebraska.
[00:55:11.410]That involves very good volumetric data on the lake,
[00:55:14.840]so you gotta have a good lake map of it and average depth,
[00:55:18.520]and then you have to apply the Rotenone very slowly,
[00:55:21.760]very evenly, at the different depths and different sections
[00:55:24.940]and dilute it perhaps two or 300 to one
[00:55:27.485]so you don't develop any hot spots.
[00:55:29.913]There's still a chance you're gonna get some
[00:55:32.106]non-target kill, might see some catfish, some crappie,
[00:55:35.760]walleye, stuff like that would be killed with it.
[00:55:38.470]But for the most part we're just targeting
[00:55:40.500]certain sensitive species for that.
[00:55:42.740]So that's something that's new on the horizon
[00:55:45.640]that we've been working with,
[00:55:46.750]and shows a lot of promise going forward.
[00:55:49.530]Another technique to use if you've got inflow or seeps
[00:55:52.550]coming into a body of water, again, we've got it drawn down
[00:55:55.620]so we don't have an outflow, but you need to treat
[00:55:57.560]some seep areas or perhaps a little stream
[00:55:59.940]that's coming in, is a drip station.
[00:56:02.370]And that simply is putting a steel barrel
[00:56:05.030]with a PVC standpipe with a ball valve on it
[00:56:08.264]so you can calculate, or drip the right amount of chemical
[00:56:13.000]to treat that water and keep it toxic
[00:56:15.390]so as it enters that water body you're trying to treat,
[00:56:18.500]fish don't have a source of freshwater
[00:56:21.070]where they can get by and escape the renovation.
[00:56:23.760]There's some calculations to do on that for flow and water,
[00:56:27.930]lot of times they're on the label,
[00:56:30.316]on these Rotenone containers, or you can find those online.
[00:56:34.630]But it's a pretty simple calculation to do.
[00:56:36.840]Shoot for your three to five part per million treatment,
[00:56:39.288]the duration of time you wanna treat,
[00:56:41.380]whether it's 10 or 12 hours,
[00:56:43.320]and then put the desired amount of chemical in the barrel,
[00:56:45.810]fill the rest of it up with water,
[00:56:47.430]calibrate your drip tube by your ball valve,
[00:56:51.800]and that's simply you can do with
[00:56:53.240]a stop watch and a graduated container.
[00:56:56.550]And once you get things calibrated and set up,
[00:56:59.190]all you gotta do is set that barrel there over that water,
[00:57:01.723]and have it set right and walk away for 12 hours.
[00:57:05.030]And that'll do its job.
[00:57:06.600]So again, if you need help with some of the calculations
[00:57:10.000]and expertise on that, the guys at the Game and Parks
[00:57:13.290]fishery division will be glad to help you out on that.
[00:57:16.320]One of the last things we wanna cover are the PPEs
[00:57:18.340]or personal protective equipment needed for Rotenone.
[00:57:21.452]And remember, the label is the law,
[00:57:23.780]so read the label carefully.
[00:57:25.760]And when working with concentrated Rotenone
[00:57:28.542]whether it's liquid or powder,
[00:57:30.355]you have to wear a respirator,
[00:57:33.040]make sure you're not breathing that stuff up.
[00:57:34.427]And there are certain requirements on the type
[00:57:36.280]of cartridge and filter you have to put in that.
[00:57:38.350]It's on the label, read that carefully
[00:57:40.230]when you go to your local ag supply dealer
[00:57:43.360]and look for a respirator,
[00:57:45.270]make sure you get the proper cartridges on that.
[00:57:47.697]The other thing you wanna wear
[00:57:48.820]are chemical resistant gloves,
[00:57:50.580]make sure you don't get any of that stuff
[00:57:51.960]on your hands, be careful of that.
[00:57:53.880]You wanna wear long sleeves, long pants,
[00:57:56.360]rubber boots, and keep that stuff off you.
[00:57:59.510]If you get any of the Rotenone on you, change your clothes,
[00:58:03.676]if you get a lot of it on you,
[00:58:05.850]get soiled pretty good with it,
[00:58:07.150]I'd change my clothes immediately.
[00:58:09.130]If not, wait 'til the end of the day.
[00:58:11.072]You can actually wash that off, too, with some clean water
[00:58:15.644]while you're out there working with this chemical.
[00:58:18.170]The best thing is to keep it off you,
[00:58:20.231]at the end of the day wash those clothes
[00:58:21.560]separately from the rest of the laundry
[00:58:23.250]so you don't get any of that chemical on your other clothes.
[00:58:25.950]Other things that you have to worry about
[00:58:27.648]when handling Rotenone, and this is with the concentrated,
[00:58:34.030]liquid chemical, and with the powder,
[00:58:38.240]you have to wear some type of eye protection.
[00:58:40.800]You have to wear goggles or I kinda prefer the face shield,
[00:58:44.540]with the hard hat in case there is any splash
[00:58:48.840]coming off that you won't get that
[00:58:50.260]on your scalp or on your hat or anything.
[00:58:52.750]But you have to wear some eye protection with that.
[00:58:57.017]When you're dealing with liquid,
[00:58:59.450]once you mix the chemical, and this is why we put it
[00:59:02.840]in the tanks on our boat and mix the liquid Rotenone
[00:59:05.130]with water, it relaxes some of those PPE requirements.
[00:59:08.770]In other words you don't have to have a respirator on
[00:59:10.930]at that time so when we're out in the boat applying chemical
[00:59:13.900]we don't have to wear a respirator all day.
[00:59:15.890]If you're applying powder that's a different story,
[00:59:17.860]you have to continue to wear your respirator.
[00:59:20.720]But always always encourage people to wear eye protection,
[00:59:23.940]wear their gloves, and like I said,
[00:59:25.900]long sleeves and long pants and protect yourself
[00:59:29.023]while you're out there.
[00:59:30.030]But read the label, it'll tell you on there
[00:59:32.260]what you need to use, the label's the law.
[00:59:34.790]So in summary, we've talked about
[00:59:36.560]the different techniques of applying Rotenone,
[00:59:39.030]which is an effective chemical for killing fish.
[00:59:41.450]Talked about drip stations, we talked about using liquid,
[00:59:44.050]we talked about using powder, we talked about applying it
[00:59:47.010]with our carp cannon, one of our favorite tools.
[00:59:49.760]And we talked about the PPEs and protecting yourself.
[00:59:53.973]Also I just wanna remind you in summary
[00:59:56.610]that you cannot use Rotenone without permission
[00:59:59.360]from the Game and Parks Commission.
[01:00:01.000]And also there are requirements
[01:00:03.692]for keeping records if you use this chemical.
[01:00:08.250]And that's probably covered in some other sections
[01:00:11.164]of your initial and re-certification training.
[01:00:14.300]But don't forget to keep your records,
[01:00:15.900]get permission from Game and Parks
[01:00:17.410]before you put the chemical on,
[01:00:19.190]and we'd be glad to give you our expertise in it
[01:00:21.690]to make a renovation successful for you.
[01:00:25.961](upbeat instrumental music)
[01:00:35.140]Hello, my name is Trevor Johnson,
[01:00:36.700]I'm the certification specialist
[01:00:38.170]for the Nebraska Department of Agriculture,
[01:00:40.070]and today I'm gonna tell you a little bit about
[01:00:41.680]the laws and regulations as they relate
[01:00:43.460]to the aquatic pest control category.
[01:00:46.910]First, who needs a license.
[01:00:48.620]Any individual applying restricted use pesticides
[01:00:51.362]to an aquatic site must have a license.
[01:00:55.110]This is due to the high toxicity
[01:00:56.730]or potential hazard to the environment
[01:00:58.370]that restricted use pesticides pose.
[01:01:01.029]There are three different types of licenses in Nebraska,
[01:01:03.751]commercial, non-commercial, and private license.
[01:01:07.660]The private license is only for the production
[01:01:09.460]of an agricultural commodity, and does not apply
[01:01:11.550]to the aquatic pest control category.
[01:01:15.260]So a commercial license is required
[01:01:17.020]for anyone applying pesticides to the property
[01:01:20.530]of another person for hire or compensation.
[01:01:23.310]A non-commercial license is for those applying to property
[01:01:26.180]owned by their employer or owned by them,
[01:01:28.770]and it's specific to a single employer.
[01:01:30.630]So make sure that if the employer changes,
[01:01:32.870]you notify the Department of Agriculture.
[01:01:37.205]There are a variety of target pests
[01:01:39.450]when talking about aquatic pest control.
[01:01:41.880]Can be anything from vegetation, algae, pondweed,
[01:01:45.557]undesirable fish species or invasive species
[01:01:49.200]such as zebra mussels or quagga mussels.
[01:01:53.918]The definition of aquatic site is essentially
[01:01:57.070]anywhere where surface water is present,
[01:01:59.770]so this could be rivers, irrigation canals,
[01:02:02.010]ponds, lakes, drainage ditches.
[01:02:06.930]So here we have two products, ShoreKlear and Roundup.
[01:02:10.400]Both contain the same active ingredient, glyphosate,
[01:02:12.878]but they have very different inert ingredients.
[01:02:15.480]And for this reason you cannot use Roundup on aquatic site.
[01:02:20.020]It is always important when reading the label
[01:02:21.820]to ensure that the site that you're applying to
[01:02:24.010]is approved on the label.
[01:02:26.530]This leads into my next point that the label is the law.
[01:02:30.026]There's a statement on every label approved by the EPA,
[01:02:33.460]'it is a violation of federal law to use this product'
[01:02:36.067]'in a manner inconsistent with its labeling'.
[01:02:39.145]It is your, the applicator's responsibility
[01:02:41.910]to read and understand the label
[01:02:43.533]and comply with all the legal obligations therein.
[01:02:48.760]So on that label, there'll be different language.
[01:02:51.650]Some of the language is mandatory,
[01:02:53.360]such as must, do, or do not.
[01:02:56.240]These represent legal obligations by the applicator
[01:03:00.360]that they must understand and perform those.
[01:03:03.580]There's also suggestive language such as should or may,
[01:03:07.377]these are suggestions that are designed to limit
[01:03:11.080]the exposure to the applicator and/or the environment.
[01:03:16.220]As far as aquatic pesticide storage,
[01:03:19.517]it is always important to store in the original container
[01:03:22.820]with a legible label, that's important for all pesticides
[01:03:26.050]so that you are sure you know what you're applying.
[01:03:29.540]Maintain a water pesticide division,
[01:03:32.110]so make sure the water doesn't get contaminated
[01:03:34.130]by your pesticides and vice versa.
[01:03:36.780]And then always store in a secure facility.
[01:03:41.103]So as with all pesticide applications,
[01:03:43.604]there's certain required record keeping.
[01:03:46.526]You must keep track of all these things listed here.
[01:03:50.320]You can keep track however you like,
[01:03:51.700]you can keep track in a notebook, on your phone,
[01:03:54.420]just make sure it's a permanent place of storage
[01:03:57.430]and it's easy for you to access
[01:03:58.800]in case on of our Nebraska Department of Ag inspectors
[01:04:01.457]should ask you for your records.
[01:04:05.300]So those records must be kept for a minimum of three years,
[01:04:09.750]and they must be written down within
[01:04:11.660]48 hours of your pesticide application.
[01:04:14.320]Oftentimes it's easiest to just do it
[01:04:16.620]right after the application
[01:04:17.810]while it's still fresh in your memory.
[01:04:19.820]If you have any questions about recordkeeping,
[01:04:21.860]there are a couple resources, we have an NDA brochure,
[01:04:24.840]and then we also have the website listed below.
[01:04:29.988]Thank you for listening, if you'd like further information
[01:04:33.090]on the aquatic pesticide category
[01:04:35.080]you can go to either of the websites listed below,
[01:04:37.360]and always remember, the label is the law.
[01:04:40.969](upbeat instrumental music)
[01:04:49.010]This concludes re-certification training
[01:04:50.910]for the category zero five aquatic pest control.
[01:04:54.110]We hope this video has provided new insights
[01:04:57.030]for your work, as well as offering a review
[01:04:59.280]of important pest-management principles.
[01:05:02.130]Visit us anytime at pest ed dot UNL dot EDU for
[01:05:06.050]more information on a variety of pesticide safety topics.
[01:05:09.810]Thank you for your time, and be safe out there.
[01:05:13.459](upbeat instrumental music)

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Aquatic Recertification 2018

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